Nurhachi, a military genius, started with thirteen sets of armor left by his ancestors, led hundreds of people to explore the east and the west, and rose in the northeast, crisscrossing the white mountains and black waters. In the forty-five years of Wanli, Nuerhachi's seven great hatreds denounced heaven and sent troops to attack Ming.
After that, several battles with the Ming army were defeated by the Ming army, and the soldiers killed by the Ming army all had deep psychological shadows. When it comes to "braid soldiers", it is inevitable to talk about it. At that time, there was a proverb that said, "Nuzhen is not satisfied with 10 thousand, but she is invincible." It is said that Jurchen is familiar with bow and horse, strong and good at fighting. Before Nuerhachi met Yuan Chonghuan, from the beginning of the campaign to now, he had never suffered a defeat, and even killed the Ming army with fewer victories.
Yuan Chonghuan was a scholar in forty-seven years of Wanli. Although he is a civilian, he likes to talk about the military with others. When he meets old soldiers, he will ask them about the military situation in the frontier. When he was young, he was very interested in dealing with frontier affairs. Yuan Chonghuan is a talkative person who likes to chat with friends all night and talk about the war.
After he won the Jinshi, he was assigned to Shaowu, Fujian as a magistrate. In the second year of the apocalypse, Yuan Chonghuan went to Beijing to report on his work. Perhaps when he was talking with friends in Beijing, he published some military opinions of Liaodong. He was advised to be promoted and stayed in the Ministry of War. Shortly after Yuan Chonghuan became the Minister of War, Wang Huazhen's army was wiped out in Quang Ninh, and the Qing army was unstoppable.
From the forty-sixth year of Wanli, in more than four years, the Ming army lost the first world war, and hundreds of thousands of military forces were wiped out. When the capital was in a state of panic, Yuan Chonghuan rode a horse from Beijing to Shanhaiguan and made a circle. Come back and report: "Give me enough soldiers and horses, and I can guard Shanhaiguan alone."
A barbarian was tied up in Liaodong, thousands of miles away from home. When the imperial court was anxious, he heard clearly and didn't care to investigate him for AWOL, so he was promoted as a reserve soldier to help guard Shanhaiguan. Although Yuan Chonghuan has never been on the battlefield, he is a newborn calf who is not afraid of tigers. As long as he keeps his word, the Qing soldiers will never leave Ningyuan City.
Yuan Chonghuan applied to recruit a group of soldiers from his hometown. He believes that Guangdong infantry is brave and good at fighting, while Guangxi wolf soldiers are fearless and die. The court granted all his requests. After Yuan Chonghuan arrived at Shanhaiguan, Wang Zaijin was the general manager of Liaodong at that time. Wang Zaijin sent him to go through customs to collect and take care of refugees. Yuan Chonghuan set out that night, and a scholar walked among thorns, tigers and leopards at night and arrived at four o'clock. All the soldiers in qiantun city admired his courage.
At that time, there was no wall and no city to defend in Ningyuan. But all the defense facilities of the Ming army are concentrated in Shanhaiguan, the first pass in the world. Anyone with a little military knowledge can see that this is too dangerous. Shanhaiguan lost, the enemy can attack Beijing, Yuan Chonghuan proposed to keep outside the customs. Timid Wang Zaijin thinks it makes sense, but he just wants to build a city in Bali, 80 miles away from Shanhaiguan. Yuan Chonghuan said there was not enough land.
Hundreds of thousands of refugees were trapped by Qing soldiers in the thirteenth mountain north of Ningyuan. When Sun Chengzong, a university student, toured the frontier, Yuan Chonghuan applied to Sun Chengzong to bring 5,000 soldiers and horses to Ningyuan to support Thirteen Mountains, and then sent generals and troops to Thirteen Mountains to help refugees. After consulting with Governor Wang Xianggan, Sun Chengzong refused to let Yuan Chonghuan go to Ningyuan in person, and sent troops to Ningyuan while letting Wang Zaijin help refugees. As a result, Wang Zaijin's rescue failed, and only six thousand people were rescued by hundreds of thousands of refugees.
Sun Chengzong was very angry about this, so he called everyone to discuss the key defensive places. Yuan Chonghuan urged to build a city in Ningyuan, but all court ministers opposed it, thinking that Ningyuan was too far away to keep. Sun Chengzong personally went through the customs and confirmed Yuan Chonghuan's point of view.
Sun Chengzong soon succeeded Wang Zaijin as commander-in-chief of Liaodong. In September of the third year of the Apocalypse (1623), Sun Chengzong sent Yuan Chonghuan and his lieutenant Man Gui to station troops in Ningyuan. After Yuan Chonghuan arrived in Ningyuan, Ningyuan City was built to a high standard: the wall was three feet high, the city was six feet high and the wall site was three feet wide, and Zu Dashou and other overseers were sent.
Yuan Chonghuan shared weal and woe with the soldiers and treated the people well, so everyone tried their best to build the city. In the fourth year of the Apocalypse (1624), Ningyuan City was completed. Ningyuan City is more than 200 miles away from Shanhaiguan. After the wall was repaired, the defense line of the Ming Dynasty moved more than 200 miles to the north, and a large number of Han people poured in outside Shanhaiguan, which was regarded as a paradise in the distance and the population increased greatly.
Sun Chengzong and Yuan Chonghuan got along well, and successively made plans to occupy Jinzhou, Songshan and Xingshan, and built the Yugoslav capital for a long time, so Ningyuan became the mainland.
In October of the fifth year of the Apocalypse (1625), Sun Chengzong was dismissed and the coward Gaudi succeeded to the throne. He actually ordered the soldiers and civilians to retreat outside Shanhaiguan, and Yuan Chonghuan savagely attacked and defended Ningyuan. He also took his mother and wife to Ningyuan, and Gaudi dared not do anything to him. He just ordered the withdrawal of the garrison troops in Jinzhou, Youtun, Linghe, Songshan and Xingshan, forget it.
In the first month of the sixth year of the Apocalypse (1626), Nurhachi learned that Sun Chengzong had been dismissed and saw the suffering of Emperor Gao. Knowing that Gaudi was useless, Yuan Chonghuan certainly had no support, so he led an army of 130,000, crossed the Liao River and attacked Ningyuan.
When the enemy comes, Liaodong coach Gaudi is so ridiculous that he can't count on it. There will be no reinforcements. Abandon the city or defend it? Ningyuan city alone, but more than 10 thousand defenders, how can we stop the Qing Dynasty? Yuan Chonghuan bit his teeth: "If it is hard, it will be so big."
Inspired by Yuan Chonghuan, the soldiers guarding the city are like fighting chicken blood. Everyone is full of blood and desperate to defend the city. The Qing army came in droves, and it took time to attack the city. The foundation of the city was dug into a pit by Qing soldiers, and the city wall was knocked down by more than ten feet. Yuan Chonghuan shouted again: "Where is the mother? It is extremely difficult." I moved a stone to plug the gap myself and was injured twice in a row. When I was fighting, it was this vulgar slogan that was more inspiring. Under the example of Yuan Chonghuan, all the defenders fought bravely and fought bloody battles with the Qing army for three days. Nurhachi was shot and fell. Seven months later, he swallowed his anger and died. The Qing army suffered heavy losses and had to order a retreat, so the myth of "braid soldiers" was shattered.
Yuan Chonghuan was able to catch his breath, rebuild Jinzhou City, and build the Guanningjin defense line in full swing. More than a year later, Huang Taiji attacked Jinzhou and Ningyuan on a part-time basis, but he still failed. In this battle of Ningjin, I was also encouraged by Yuan Chonghuan's courage and fearlessness. Zhao Lvjiao, an old prick, made a desperate effort. Even Liu Yingkun and Ji Yong, eunuchs sent by Wei Zhongxian to supervise the army, were also bidding in Ningyuan and Jinzhou respectively. They are very brave.
Seeing that Ningyuan could not attack, the Qing soldiers knew that Ning Guan's defense line was an insurmountable gap. In November of the second year of Chongzhen (1629), Huang Taiji attacked Beijing from Shenyang bypassing Mongolia. After Yuan Chonghuan got the news, he led 9000 soldiers on a starry night journey and finally arrived in Beijing before the Qing soldiers. When the Qing army learned that Yuan Jun had arrived at the gates of Beijing, they were all frightened to disgrace and trembled. Yuan Chonghuan personally went into battle to supervise the war, and 9000 Ning Guan fighters fought a bloody battle with10,000 Qing troops at the gates of Beijing, winning and losing each other. In the end, the Qing army was exhausted and retreated for more than ten miles.
Emperor Chongzhen was scared out of her wits at this time. Seeing that the Qing army didn't retreat far, he encouraged Yuan Chonghuan to go to war. Yuan knew that the enemy was strong and we were weak, and insisted on waiting for loyal troops from all walks of life. But the suspicious Chongzhen and ministers don't understand the military, and neither do the people in Beijing. They don't know what Yuan Chonghuan is trying to do by transferring soldiers to guard the mausoleum and copying soldiers. So rumors spread that Yuan Chonghuan's refusal to participate in the war had ulterior motives. There are also many people who say that the Qing soldiers were attracted by Yuan Chonghuan. In this case, the Qing soldiers were attracted.
So Emperor Chongzhen called Yuan Chonghuan and Zu Dashou into the palace. After asking a few questions, he ordered Yuan Chonghuan to be arrested and imprisoned. Zu Dashou scared out of the city and waited for three days, but when Chongzhen said Yuan Chonghuan rebelled, Zu Dashou was furious. Chongzhen was so anxious that he advised Yuan Chonghuan in prison to write to Zu Dashou and ask him to defend the capital. Yuan Chonghuan refused to write. Later, he put the country first and wrote a letter to let Zu Dashou come back.
Chongzhen in Beijing urged Man Gui to fight again. Although Mangui knew that she couldn't play, she was bound to play like Yuan Chonghuan. In desperation, he had to play with Sun Zushou, the company commander. In the end, both Man Gui and Sun Zushou died. Fortunately, at this time, Zu Dashou copied the posterior route of the Qing army, and Huang Taiji hated Yuan Department. At this time, the rear road was threatened again, so the troops retreated and the battle of Beijing came to an end.
Yuan Chonghuan was unjustly imprisoned, and after the Qing troops retreated, Chongzhen couldn't wait to kill him. No matter how the minister pleaded, Zu Dashou was willing to demote the people and ask Yuan Chonghuan to be redeemed. Chongzhen is not allowed to do anything. He was determined to kill Yuan Chonghuan, and poor Yuan Chonghuan was finally sentenced to death that year. Beijing people who came thousands of miles away to save him also spent money to buy his meat. After buying it, they took a bite and called him "traitor."
After Yuan Chonghuan's death, his bones were dumped in the ground. One of his servants, surnamed Yu, secretly collected the bones in the middle of the night and buried them in Guangdong Yiyuan Garden in Guangqumen. Yu's righteous servant kept the tomb for life and was buried next to Yuan's tomb after his death. His descendants have been guarding Yuan Chonghuan's tomb for generations, saying that it is for the legacy of their ancestors.