He "betrayed" his class, "betrayed" his beliefs, and finally won the support and precious love of the people.
First, he was born into an anti-British aristocratic family.
Parnell was born into an aristocratic family in Ireland. Double quotation marks are used because Ireland was annexed by Britain when he was born.
His great-grandfather was a strong anti-British person in Ireland. His grandfather participated in the North American War of Independence, and his mother's family was also very anti-British. Perhaps this family style made parnell doomed to be entangled with Britain.
In order to reduce the resistance of Ireland, the British government has implemented many flattering policies for local aristocrats, such as giving priority to children's further studies in famous British schools. Parnell studied at Cambridge University with this privilege, but he was expelled from the school in the fourth year because he was drunk, had a fight with others in the street and was taken to the police station.
Seeing parnell's return from decadence, his family had to use their connections to put him in the local Irish Parliament and become an ordinary member. At this time, some people will think: No matter what the process is, at least parnell's family is hard and the starting point is high. Young people who dropped out of school in their early twenties have become high-spirited young parliamentarians.
But at this time, parnell is actually over 30 years old, so you can imagine what this big brother was doing before.
Second, the betrayal of birth.
Before parnell was born, there was a large-scale famine in Ireland. Famine caused 6,543,800+deaths and 2 million people fled Ireland. Many of these refugees went to America. Xiao once starred in a movie called New York Gangster. The background of the story is a large number of Irish immigrants to the United States, where they take root to make a living.
Gangs of New York
Unexpectedly, decades later, after parnell was in politics for a few years, the Irish suffered from famine again. The losses caused by this famine are similar to those caused by last time, but the nature is somewhat different.
Most of the victims of the first famine were Irish farmers, who had no external help and had to flee. But when the disaster comes again, there will be strong foreign aid. After decades of development, those American immigrants have gained a firm foothold. When they saw the disaster in their motherland, they donated money and materials.
With the money of the victims and some radical nationalist ideas, unstable social factors have been formed. The slogan "Resist the independence of Britain and Ireland" sounded.
Irish in famine
At this moment, parnell stood out.
Parnell's experience in Britain and politics tells him that it is not feasible to promote Ireland's independence by armed means, which is bound to bite Ireland. The wisest thing to do is to seek Irish autonomy through peaceful means within the framework of Britain. Although this was his ultimate political goal, parnell wisely chose to strengthen his strength by calming down contradictions.
He set up a "land alliance" with several partners and served as the chairman of the alliance. The purpose of this alliance is to unite tenant farmers against landlords. You should know that his family is big noble, a big landlord rooted in Hongmiao. This is his "betrayal" of his birth.
The main purpose of the land alliance is that landlords can only collect rent in the form of food or money paid by tenants, and are not allowed to use other property to pay off debts. To put it bluntly, in the year of the great disaster, farmers owed land rent first, and then paid it back slowly. Landlords are not allowed to force farmers to sell their houses and land as before.
Unexpectedly, this alliance not only won the support of farmers, but also won the strong response of landlords. Because the above-mentioned unreasonable terms in the landlord's view are only for landlords who join the alliance.
What about joining?
Use violence.
Parnell even discussed with the main members that landlords who could not join the League could not use pistols, because at that time, pistols were easy to injure others because of their low accuracy, and the best way was to use a knife.
Naturally, this extreme form of violence could not be tolerated by the authorities, and parnell and key members were quickly thrown into prison. However, their practice of protecting farmers' interests received enthusiastic response from the society, and the Irish Parliament was forced to amend the land law and add a number of provisions to protect tenants' interests.
At the same time, parnell gained more political benefits after he was released from prison. He was elected by the people to represent Ireland from a county parliament in Ireland to the British parliament.
Third, betrayal of faith
In London, he always defended the interests of Ireland. A cabinet minister once said in parliament, "Ireland is a fragment of British territory."
Parnell quickly replied: "Ireland is not a fragment, it is an independent nation."
As mentioned above, Ireland he planned is a high degree of autonomy under the framework of Britain. In his words, "the only connection between England and Ireland is the king of England." Even, he was expelled from parliament for repeatedly making fierce remarks.
When he shouted for Ireland in the parliament hall, Ireland's independence movement intensified, reaching the point where British cavalry suppressed the street demonstrators in Dublin.
Fortunately, the ruling cabinet at that time belonged to moderates who shared parnell's vision of Irish future. The two sides negotiated for several months, and when there were some clues, members of radical organizations in Ireland assassinated the Irish chief minister in Britain with scalpels on the streets of London.
The assassination completely destroyed parnell's goal, the British cabinet closed the door to peace talks, and parnell lost the opportunity to become "Irish Martin Luther King".
The depressing thing is not over yet. When he was in London, he met an Irish married woman and fell madly in love with her. Although the woman divorced later, she still chose to go hand in hand with parnell to the end. But Ireland is a Catholic country, and the doctrine clearly stipulates loyalty to marriage.
Their love story is intolerable in the secular world, and political opponents used it as an excuse to attack parnell, which led to his dismissal by political parties. He managed to keep his seat in the British Parliament because of the high popular vote.
189 1 10 In June, parnell died of a heart attack, along with the peaceful solution of the Irish national movement.