one
1940 In August, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, China entered its fourth year. At that time, German, Italian and Japanese fascists colluded with each other in an attempt to dominate the world. In the past period, Britain, the United States and France blindly adopted a compromise policy, which encouraged the enemy's reactionary arrogance. While Germany and Italy are rampant in Europe, Japan is ready to open Pinghan Road to the south and launch new adventures in Asia. In order to achieve this goal, on the one hand, Japanese imperialism adopted the policy of luring and surrendering to the Kuomintang, on the other hand, it continued to exert pressure on the Kuomintang, threatening that Vietnam would attack Chiang Kai-shek's rear area and Kunming, the south road. Route Yichang to attack Chongqing; North Road attacked Xi 'an and Lanzhou via Luoyang. Under the pressure of Japanese imperialism and the persuasion of Wang Jingwei and other Kuomintang capitulators, the Kuomintang could not agree, and its capitulation activities intensified day by day. Dark clouds hung heavily over the vast areas under the rule of the Kuomintang.
Behind the enemy's back, with the support of the broad masses of the people, our army fought harder and harder in the Vietnam War, posing a growing threat to the enemy. Take Taihang Mountain as an example, our strength has developed from two and a half brigades in the early days of advancing into Taihang Mountain to eleven and a half brigades. In order to restrain the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians, the enemy engaged in a "cage policy", which made War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression behind enemy lines face serious difficulties. At that time, Mr. Liu Bocheng had a vivid metaphor: in the sense of "cage strategy", railways were like pillars, highways were like chains, and strongholds were like locks. The Japanese aggressors are now busy installing such a "cage" in an attempt to isolate the military and civilians in our anti-Japanese base areas and always be the lambs under its butcher's knife and let them slaughter them.
In order to save the current situation, crack down on the capitulation activities of the Kuomintang die-hards, smash the enemy's "cage policy" and expand and consolidate the anti-Japanese base areas,1On July 22nd, 940, Commander-in-Chief Zhu De, Deputy Commander Peng and Deputy Chief of Staff Zuo Quan issued the "Combat Readiness Order", which was reported to the Central Military Commission and issued to120th Division and1. This order clearly analyzed the situation of the national anti-Japanese war and the whole situation in North China, expounded the significance of this campaign, and stipulated that the purpose of this campaign was to "completely destroy some important passes on Zheng Tai Road, wipe out the enemy of our army, restore some important pass strongholds, cut off the traffic on this line for a long time, take advantage of the victory to expand and remove some strongholds in the north and south areas of this line, and carry out work on both sides of this line."
Zheng Tai Road, from Zhengding to Taiyuan, is 249 kilometers long. It crosses Taihang Mountain and winds westward in the mountains, splitting the majestic Taihang Mountain in two. It is an important strategic communication line for the enemy forces in North China and one of the important blockade lines that destroy our base areas. There are natural barrier Niangziguan and Yangquan and Jingxing coal mines on this railway line, which is an important fuel base for the Japanese army in North China. In addition to Taiyuan and Shijiazhuang, the fourth, eighth and ninth Japanese Hunchenglv * * * more than 3,600 people, distributed in 50 strongholds, were stationed on this railway line. Strong strongholds have been built near towns, stations, bridges and tunnels along the route, each with dozens to hundreds of troops as garrisons. About twenty to thirty miles on both sides of the railway, there is a line of outlying strongholds. The enemy often sends armored vehicles to patrol the road, boasting that this is a "steel blockade."
In July, Zuo Quan, deputy chief of staff of the 8th Army (KLOC-0/8) of our army, came down from the headquarters along the Qingzhang River with Peng Zong's preliminary ideas, and arrived at the division headquarters of 129, where he met with the political commissar of Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping. Zuo, the deputy chief of staff at that time, conveyed General Peng's preliminary ideas. He said: The main goal of this breakthrough campaign is the road, and the lines of Pinghan, Tongpu, Platinum, Pingsui and Beining should cooperate with each other. In addition to the 129 Division and the Shanxi-Chaji Army, the 120 Division, the Eighth Route Army and the death squads from Henan, Suiyuan and Wenzhou will all take part in the battle. After hearing this, political commissar Deng said clearly and decisively: "I think this idea is ok, you can do it!" " Hearing this, Mr. Liu agreed. They think this campaign is very important, because only by cutting off the enemy's traffic lifeline can we improve the anti-Japanese war situation behind the enemy lines in North China, and only by severely attacking the enemy can we curb the surrender plot of the Kuomintang die-hards. Political commissar Deng and Mr. Liu then ordered me to say, "Breaking the enemy's cage policy is a great move, and General Manager Peng's idea is very good. Before the official order is issued, all preparations for the battle can be made in advance. " According to the instructions of Liu and Deng Daochang, I started the work at once.
On August 8, the General Command of the Group Army issued a campaign action order, and at the same time issued a general command of destruction tactics. After receiving the order, Liu and Deng and other leaders immediately began to get busy. They stayed up all night, thinking and directing in the war room. I am busy organizing reconnaissance of the terrain and the enemy's situation; Distribution of military weapons; Choice of roads; Preparation of ammunition equipment; Mobilize the masses to participate in the war; Logistics support, etc.
On August 18, we held an operational meeting attended by the commanders of the left, middle and right-wing demolition teams in Shiguai Town, where the headquarters of the Second Army Division of Taihang Military Region is located, at the junction of Heshun, Yuci and Yushe counties. At the meeting, the operational orders issued by Commander-in-Chief Zhu and Deputy Commander-in-Chief Peng on August 8 were conveyed: I 129 Division and the troops of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region jointly undertake the task of destroying roads. The centralized division of labor is carried out by the troops of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region under the command of Commander Nie. Fifteen regiments attacked the eastern section of Zheng Tai Railway, east of Yangquan and west of Shijiazhuang. The first and third columns and death squads of our division, under the command of Liu and Deng, are also fifteen regiments, which undertake the combat tasks from Yangquan to Yuci. At the combat meeting, I introduced the distribution of the enemy on Zheng Tai Road in detail. According to the operational orders of Commander-in-Chief Zhu and Deputy Commander Peng and the operational determination of Chief of Staff Liu and Deng, the main forces of the Taihang and Taiyue armies made the following arrangements: attacking the western section of the road with 10 regiments, and distributing 28 regiments and local armed forces on the Pinghan, Baijin and Tongpu lines to carry out extensive road-breaking and strike against the enemy and cooperate with the road-fighting. There are three main ways in combat: the left-wing blasting team consists of the 386 Brigade 16 Regiment, a column of 25 Regiments and 38 Regiments, occupying enemy strongholds between Shouyang and Yuci and destroying this section of the railway; The right-wing strike team consists of 28 regiments and 30 regiments of the New Tenth Brigade, occupying enemy strongholds between Yangquan and Shouyang and destroying this section of the railway. The 769th Regiment, the 385th Brigade 14 Regiment and the 386th Brigade's 772nd Regiment formed a central column and marched into Tianhuachi and Weichi villages to the west of Pingding. And take a main force to control Shizitou Mountain in the southwest of Yangquan as an enemy to stop the invasion by Yangquan or help Zhengzhou-Taiyuan Line by Liaoping Line to ensure the smooth implementation of crushing operations; Armed with the 29th Regiment of the New Ten Brigade and the 13th Regiment of the 385th Brigade in Heping and Yulin, Liaoning, they broke through in Liao Ping and Liao Yu respectively. Keep the enemy on the defensive on all fronts, and cooperate with the central column to destroy the enemy who is returning to China, so as to ensure the safety of our main force in the rear.
According to the general assembly's instruction that seizing enemy strongholds, especially those along the railway, is a prerequisite for accomplishing the task of sabotage, we demand that all saboteurs should bypass the enemy's outlying strongholds at night and attack the enemy on the railway line first. Finally, I also talked about communication and logistics support.
Mr Liu is in a good mood. When I finished, he pointed to the battle map and emphasized some important places. Political commissar Deng briefly talked about the significance of carrying out the operational orders of Commander Zhu and Deputy Commander Peng, and pointed out: "The more thoroughly the road is destroyed, the more active we will be. We must fight this battle well, resolutely smash the enemy's' cage policy', expand and consolidate the anti-Japanese base areas, overcome the danger of surrender, inspire the confidence of the military and civilians throughout the country to win War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and improve the combat effectiveness of our army. " He also pointed out in particular: "The success of this campaign is of great significance not only to promoting the national war of resistance and enhancing the confidence of people with lofty ideals in persisting in the war of resistance, but also to the international anti-fascist struggle."
two
According to the action determination of Commander-in-Chief Zhu, Deputy Commander-in-Chief Peng and Chief of Staff Liu and Deng, our army quickly acted in secret on the evening of August 20th. Brave and fearless action, began to attack the enemy on the defensive in Zheng Tai Road. Thanks to the concentration of superior forces and careful preparation, our army has found out the overall situation of defending the enemy. Except Shijiazhuang and Taiyuan, the enemy has only more than 3,600 people, and the front line is long. The enemy can't take care of each other from beginning to end. Our army has invested dozens of regiments on the whole line, which is ten times that of the enemy, which has caused our army to have an absolute advantage in the comparison between the enemy and ourselves in this area. Therefore, in the face of our strong offensive, the enemy has only the ability to parry, but not the ability to fight back, and the battle is developing smoothly. At the beginning of the campaign, the initiative on the battlefield was in the hands of our army.
After a day and night of fierce fighting, the left and right crushing forces of our Taihang and Taiyue troops successively captured Lujiazhuang, Monk's Foot, Horsehead, Sangzhang and other stations and strongholds, destroying the enemy's effective strength and destroying the enemy's arts and crafts. Opened the battlefield, cleared the way for opening the way and further expanding the results.
By August 25th, our Taihang and Taiyue troops had successively conquered Shanghu, Yanzigou, Potou, Yu Lang and Zhang Jing, and at the same time conquered the outlying strongholds and ruled the west. At this point, except for a few strongholds such as Shouyang, the west section of Zheng Tai Road has been basically controlled by me.
At the same time, the brothers of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region captured Niangziguan in one fell swoop after three hours of fierce fighting in the eastern section of Zheng Tai Road, and also captured Jingxing Coal Mine, causing heavy losses to the enemy's fuel base in North China. In northwestern Shanxi, I 120 Division attacked Tongpu Road and Li Fen Road from Datong to Yangqu to prevent the enemy from reinforcing Zheng Tai Road. On August 2 1 day, Kangjiahui, an important stronghold on the road from Jingle to Xinxian County, was captured. At the same time, major highways such as Pinghan Road, Texaco Road and Beining Road were cut off. This stage basically achieved the operational purpose.
With the stations and strongholds on Zheng Tai Road being pulled out one by one, our troops, guerrillas, militiamen and people participating in the war, under the battle slogan of "leaving no rails, sleepers and bridges", braved the low-altitude strafe of enemy planes and carried out large-scale damage to railways, highways and all ancillary buildings; Stations, water towers, bridges and roadbed were demolished and blown up. Some people even transported the removed rails to dozens of miles away, buried them and lit sleepers.
Before the start of the campaign, Liu and Deng, on the basis of careful analysis of the enemy's situation, predicted that after the campaign, the enemy's slant mountain brigade stationed on this railway would gather most of its troops and attack us to the right. Therefore, Liu and Deng repeatedly asked us to pay attention to this problem when they studied the deployment of troops before the launch of the campaign. According to the commander's instructions, we decided to ambush the main strike force of the division in advance at the front line of Lion Mountain to prevent the enemy from attacking from our side and rear. Shinaoshan is located in the southwest of Yangquan City, which is the throat of Zheng Tai Railway. Mr. Liu specially instructed me to assess the situation and strictly order the troops to assemble in the shade and not to expose my intentions. As expected, after the battle started, the enemy mountain brigade in Yangquan assembled all its troops and armed the Japanese troops living in Yangquan in order to save their scattered defenders from being defeated by me one by one. Since August 2 1 day, a fierce attack has been launched on the Lion Mountain Highland, and the strength has increased from 600 to 700 to 1500. Under the bombardment of a large number of planes, the enemy desperately attacked Shinao Mountain in an attempt to seize the key point of battle failure and obstruct our campaign plan. The troops guarding the lion's head mountain carry forward the style of heroic fighting, are not afraid of danger and fight tenaciously. They beat back the enemy's attacks again and again, causing heavy casualties to the enemy. Only 2 1 day, the enemy suffered casualties 100, with more than 40 corpses lying everywhere. On the morning of the 22nd, more than 200 enemy troops attacked the northeast highland of Shinaoshan again, fighting fiercely all day, but the enemy still made no progress. The next day, the enemy bombarded our position with artillery fire and threw poison gas at will. In the afternoon, more than 20 enemy planes bombed and strafed at low altitude in turn, but all failed. In the Battle of Shibei Mountain, our army persisted for six days and nights, effectively ensuring the action of the left-wing troops. This battle fully shows that our army not only attacked like a tiger, but also defended like Mount Tai, which greatly destroyed the prestige of the "renowned imperial army". Left-wing troops wiped out the enemy for several days in Gaoping, Daoping, Hongwa and Juanyugou areas, striving for initiative and safe transfer. On the 6th, my 386th Brigade and a death squad arrived at Shuangfeng area in the northwest of Yushe, and surrounded the Yongye Brigade of the enemy's 36th Division, which had launched an attack from Taigu. After a fierce battle day and night, the whole army was wiped out by more than 400 people, and the enemy captain Nagano was killed by me.
From August 20th to September 10, with the support and cooperation of the militia, our army set out as scheduled and completed all the tasks after more than 20 days of fighting. At the same time, the eastern section of Zheng Tai Road, the northern section of Pinghan Road and Tongpu Road, as well as the main roads such as Texaco Road and Beining Road were destroyed or cut off, paralyzing the enemy traffic lines in North China. The first phase of the operation ended successfully.
As early as before the end of the first phase of the operation, General Peng put forward the idea of winning the battle and expanding the results, and reported it to the Central Military Commission by telegram on August 3 1 day, and distributed it to the responsible comrades of various units. On September 10, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Military Action Instructions on Fighting and Friendship, demanding that our army concentrate on fighting against the enemy, and clearly pointed out that we should refer to the precedent of the Hundred Regiments War in North China, organize one or several large-scale attacks against the enemy in Shandong and Central China, and expand the campaign scale of the Hundred Regiments War in North China. In this way, the Central Committee not only fully affirmed the campaign organized and commanded by Commander-in-Chief Zhu and Deputy Commander Peng, but also supported the idea of expanding the results.
According to the instructions of the conference, the second-stage operational center of our Taihang and Taiyue troops is to clear the enemy strongholds along the highway from Liaoxian to Yushe, and recover Heshun and Liaoxian with cameras. Prepare to annihilate the enemies that may be reinforced by Liao, Yu and Wu or Platinum. The highway from Yushe to Liao County is the front section of Liao Ping Highway where the enemy entered our base area. The enemy has long wanted to extend this road to the southwest of Yushe, and connect it with Baijin Road through Wuxiang, so as to divide my Taipei area and facilitate the transportation of troops.
The enemy's situation on Liao Yu Highway is that there are seven towns in this section, namely Yushe, Yanhua, Shi Xia and Guantou, which are mainly guarded by Tanshui Brigade of the Fourth Hunchenglv.
Because this section of the road intrudes into our base area, the enemy's fortifications and facilities are solid and the troops and weapons are powerful. For example, Yushe and Guantou each have a squadron to strengthen the garrison. Our campaign deployment is: take the 386 Brigade and the Fourth Regiment of Death Column as the left-wing group and capture the three strongholds of Yushe, Yanhua and Wangjing; Taking the 23rd Regiment under the command of the 385th Brigade as the right-wing regiment, it captured the strongholds of Jietou, Pushang, Hongyatou, Guandi 'an and Xiaolingdi. One was to guard Langya Mountain in the west of Liao County and stop the enemies of Liao County who might aid the west. The new ten brigades are distributed on the He-Liao line, which can break the road to attack the enemy, contain and stop the enemies of Xiyang and Heshun, and work together.
The battle of Liao Yu started on the night of September 23rd. As expected, the enemy of Liao county went west to help. According to the intention of Mr. Liu and political commissar Deng, I immediately ordered the troops ambushing in Langya Mountain to ambush the enemy, and the enemy reinforcements were repelled. On the 24th, I joined four strongholds along China, Wangjing, Xiaolingdi and Pushang. At this time, I attacked Yushe troops and fought fiercely. Under my strong firepower and fierce attack, the enemy began to release poison gas. I took anti-virus measures and continued to fight. The enemy of Yushe has city walls, hidden castles, plenty of ammunition, abundant food, and the support of planes, so it is easy to defend but difficult to attack. In the face of the enemy's fierce artillery fire, in order to reduce casualties, our army carried out tunnel approaching operations, blasted the enemy fort with explosives, and rushed into the city with thick smoke, thus liberating Yushe.
At the same time, I attacked the Guantou troops, but because of the limited terrain, I made no progress after occupying one of their bunkers. In addition to some troops of our right-wing regiment besieging Guantou, we also drew some troops to capture the stone box first, and then returned to attack Guantou. At this time: the enemy has run out of ammunition and food, and our army can control its head again. After the above campaign, Liao Yu Highway was wiped out by our army, most of the enemy troops on the defensive were annihilated by me, and the strongholds were razed to the ground by me.
Throughout the second phase of the campaign, our army attached importance to the implementation of strategic maneuvers and emphasized the elimination of the enemy in the movement. In the second phase of the operational plan issued by the general manager, our division is required to liberate Liao County. Just as the troops were moving to the periphery of Liao County, suddenly the enemy in Wu Fan Town came. Therefore, the leaders of Liu and Deng did not hesitate to ask me to order that, in addition to leaving a small number of troops to attack the city, the troops that attacked Liao County would be withdrawn, and the main force would be stationed in Hongyan Head area of Liao Highway, ready to ambush. The battle to attack the enemy immediately turned into a circuitous rescue, which moved the enemy out of the strong fortified area and wiped out the enemy on the rugged mountain.
The troops arrived at the ambush site at midnight and successfully ambushed at dawn.
From September 20th to1October 20th, the main battles in the second phase of the campaign included the battles of Yushe and Liaoxian in Taihang area, the battles of Laiyuan and Lingqiu in Shanxi-Chaji area, the battle of Renqiu in central Hebei area and the battle of destroying Tongpu Road between Shuoxian and Yuanping in northwest Shanxi.
In order to cooperate with frontal operations, our troops in southern Hebei, Taihang and Taiyue also won many victories. The Fourth Brigade, the Seventh Brigade, the Eighth Brigade, the New Ninth Brigade and the Eleventh Brigade of Luxi in the southern Hebei Military Region actively fought, cooperated with the Taihang army and civilians, seriously damaged the Yuanshi County and Anyang section of Pinghan Road, blew up most of the bridges in this section, and once attacked Xingtai Station. The subgrade of the Deshi Railway and Han Ji Railway under construction has also been broken. In Taihang area, our new brigade not only attacked the railway from Anyang to Cixian and the highway from Changzhi to Lucheng, but also attacked Changzhi Airport. Our Taiyue troops continuously attacked Platinum and Tongbai, directly cooperated with the Liao Yu campaign and contained the enemy.
The first and second stages of operations dealt a heavy blow to the enemy, which caused the Japanese puppet troops to fall into an extremely chaotic situation, and the enemy quickly mobilized troops to retaliate and sweep. 1October 6 to1February 5, the Hundred Regiments War entered the third stage, which lasted about two months, that is, the anti-mopping-up stage.
The enemy's mopping-up first started in Taihang, and then was carried out in Pingxi, Northwest Shanxi, Shanxi-Chaji and Central Hebei. 10 10, more than 3,000 enemies from Liaoxian, Wuxiang, Lucheng and Xiangyuan attacked the banks of the Zhanghe River and retaliated against the soldiers and civilians in our base area with what they called "catching and attacking", "rolling around quickly", "encircling with iron walls" and "combing with combs". My 385th Brigade, 386th Brigade and the Pillar of Death avoided reality and tried their best to avoid reality, thus stopping the enemy step by step. My new 10 brigade ambushed in Gongjiagou, destroying 40 enemy vehicles; The 14th Regiment of the 385th Brigade blocked the enemy of Martin and fought fiercely with the enemy of Huangyan Cave for three days.
126, 500 people from Okazaki Brigade, the enemy of Wuxiang, marched westward through Guanjia. The main forces of the 385th Brigade, the 386th Brigade and the New 10 Brigade, two regiments, one dead and the other, were ordered to surround the enemy of Guanjia 'an. Peng Zong and Liu, Deng and other leaders came to the front line to command. They braved the enemy's gunfire, observed the terrain and gave orders and instructions in time. The troops launched a general attack on the enemy who invaded Guanjia 'nao on the 27th. While waiting for rescue, the enemy captured the top of the wind tunnel, and three or four enemy planes took turns to carry out air strikes. The war in Africa is fierce, and I am in hand-to-hand combat with the enemy. After many repetitions, most of the enemies were wiped out. The fighting at the top of the wind is also fierce. I stormed continuously and killed many enemies. With the help of reinforcements, the remaining enemies fled in a hurry.
Following the sweeping of Taihang Mountain, a brigade composed of the 41st Division of the enemy of Pulu Road and the 9th Division of the enemy of Baijin Road gathered more than 7,000 people to join forces with Qinyuan in Taiyue District and its northern area. I evaded its spirit and attacked its weakness, killing more than 100 people in Guantan area. In the Battle of Hu Hanping, he fought hand-to-hand with the enemy for more than ten times, and more than 60 people died/kloc-0.
The enemies of Taihang and Taiyue were swept away, reaching more than 30,000 people. After two months of fighting between our army and civilians, the enemy's revenge was finally crushed in early1February.
From the destruction of Zheng Tai Road to the campaign of Liao Yu and the anti-mopping-up, in the battle that lasted for more than three months, our Taihang and Taiyue troops fought bravely, and our friends and neighbors cooperated with each other, successfully completing the task of destroying the western section of Zheng Tai Railway and eradicating the stronghold of Liao Yu Highway. In addition, other fronts destroyed the railway trunk lines and highway traffic in Tongpu, Pinghan and Texaco, and dealt a heavy blow to the enemy's "cage policy". In the third stage of smashing the enemy's mopping up, our army killed and injured more than 2,700 Japanese and puppet troops. In the bloody battle, all my officers and men fully carried forward the revolutionary spirit of bravery, tenacity and hard struggle. During the whole three and a half months of fighting, I saw with my own eyes that Deputy Commander Peng, Liu Bocheng, Political Commissar Deng and Deputy Chief of Staff Zuo Quan often forgot to eat and sleep, and commanded troops to kill the enemy heroically on the battlefield filled with smoke. In order to win, they went through a lot of hardships, which I will never forget. In the face of well-equipped and well-supplied enemies, our army overcame all kinds of difficulties. Some troops seldom have a full meal and sleep all night for 22 days and nights. Sometimes they only drink pumpkin soup twice a day and sleep on the floor. Soldiers carry forward the spirit of not being afraid of suffering and death. They can't get off the line of fire with minor injuries, and they don't cry with serious injuries. Some of them have been injured twice in a row, but they still insist on fighting. In this way, we defeated the powerful enemy and achieved great victory, but at the same time we paid a huge price. As Commander-in-Chief Zhu De said: Without the heroic sacrifice and hard struggle of the Eighth Route Army in this period, there would be no great victory in the Hundred Regiments War today.
In the Hundred Regiments War, the broad masses of the people actively participated in the war and enthusiastically supported the front, which was also the most basic factor for winning. On the vast battlefield from Xi Shi to Tongpu and Zheng Tai in the north of East Germany, the broad masses of the people actively cooperated with the troops to tear down walls and build roads, send ammunition, transport rations and save the wounded. Especially in the battles of Zheng Tai and Liao Yu, we heard and saw many touching stories: Wang Danyu, a self-defense member of Inoue Village in Shouyang County, and other three people tried their best to rescue the wounded on the line of fire. One died, the second died, the third went up again, and finally rescued the wounded. Grandma Liu Jiang from Sigou Village, heshun county brought seven wounded people from the battlefield. And the Xixian self-defense team leader led the masses to rescue dozens of wounded people and carried the wounded to fight guerrilla warfare with the enemy. ..... These countless examples show how much the people have contributed to the victory of this movement.
three
From August 20 to December 15, the Hundred Regiments War, which lasted for three months and fifteen days, ended in great victory for the soldiers and civilians behind the enemy lines and disastrous defeat for the enemy. Throughout the campaign, the soldiers and civilians behind our enemy lines fought 1800 times, killing and injuring more than 20,000 Japanese troops. More than 5,000 puppet troops; Captured more than 280 Japanese troops and more than 8,000 puppet troops/KLOC-0; Destroy more than 900 miles of railways and more than 3,000 miles of roads; Destroyed 258 bridges and stations; And seized a large number of weapons and military supplies.
In the Hundred Regiments War, why did we win such a great victory when the enemy was strong and we were weak? In addition to the heroic and tenacious style of our army mentioned above, the revolutionary spirit of not being afraid of hardships and death, and the close cooperation between the army and the people behind the enemy lines, I think there are still some situations worthy of our serious summary.
First of all, we conscientiously implemented the party's policies, strategies and strategic guidelines at that time.
At that time, China was at the critical juncture of national peril. The CPC Central Committee made a decision on the current situation and the party's policies, and at the same time issued a declaration on the current situation, proposing the policy of "uniting to the end and resisting Japan to the end". The Hundred Regiments War is to implement the Party's policies, inspire people with practical actions, curb the counter-current of surrender, and strive for a better situation. In the war against Japan, our army's strategic policy is basically guerrilla warfare, but we will not relax mobile warfare under favorable conditions. The Hundred Regiments War was carried out under this correct policy. Soldiers have no constant potential, and water is unpredictable. It is a magic weapon to flexibly change the strategy of struggle according to the situation of the enemy and ourselves. Because the Hundred Regiments War adhered to the Party's correct strategic policy, it won a brilliant victory.
Secondly, the flexible strategic policy has been well implemented, which has tempered the soldiers and civilians behind the enemy lines and improved the combat capability of our army. The characteristics of this campaign are: first, its initiative. This is not exactly the same as the anti-encirclement and anti-mopping-up campaign I conducted in the early days of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. At that time, we were in a blockade position, and sometimes we were forced to cope and take the initiative to go to school. This time, our army made full preparations and took a quick and sudden attack to give the enemy a surprise blow. The second is its synergy, because it is a large-scale campaign attack. With Zheng Tai Road as the center, the total length of each broken line is about 5000 li. Our army has about 100 regiments, and a large number of soldiers and civilians take part in the battle and act under the unified command of the chairman. This is the first time in the history of our army. The tactical characteristics of this operation are also reflected in the following aspects: first, seizing strongholds is closely combined with destroying traffic. Seizing the enemy's strongholds on the railway line is the premise of destroying the railway, destroying traffic quickly and making it difficult for the enemy to gather troops. It is also a means to annihilate scattered enemies. Therefore, when to give priority to "breaking" and how to give priority to "striking", this command art must be mastered in time. Second, alternate use of ambush and peripheral support. In the case of disparity in technical equipment between the enemy and ourselves, surprise attacks are often taken on enemy strongholds on communication lines. Surprise attack on Lujiazhuang, clever attack on the lake, strong attack on the monk's foot and sneak attack on Malaysia are all the use of this tactic. Sometimes, the method of encircling the point or attracting the enemy for help is also adopted, such as besieging Moro Temple and Liao County, fighting in Shizilou Mountain and Guanjialou, and ambushing at Hongyadi and Gongjiagou. There were surprise attacks, sieges, attracting the enemy's help and distracting the West in the whole campaign, which were completely determined by the changes of the enemy's situation, our situation, tasks and terrain. Tactics change endlessly, and it is effortless to use troops. Tactically, you can achieve "wonderful use of one heart." In the Hundred Regiments War, General Manager Peng and General Managers Liu and Deng set a good example for us.
In addition, it is necessary to mention the successful use of large corps operations. In the Hundred Regiments War, our army invested as many troops (about 100 regiments), attacked as many enemies (about 5 divisions and 9 brigades of the enemy in North China150,000 people were attacked in different degrees), the length of the front line (the total length of each broken line is about 5,000 miles) and the width of the battlefield (covering Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Chad and Wuhan). Both the main battlefield and coordination have achieved great victory. This is unprecedented in the history of our army and provides good experience for our army to carry out large-scale corps operations in the future.
In those days, when talking about the significance and influence of Hundred Regiments War, Comrade Liu Bocheng pointed out that the victory of Hundred Regiments War strengthened the confidence of the military and civilians in the victory of the Anti-Japanese War and played an important role in overcoming the danger of surrender and compromise. At that time, the danger of surrender of the Kuomintang die-hards was very serious, and many people lacked confidence in defeating the Japanese army. The atmosphere of pessimism, disappointment, surrender and compromise pervaded the Kuomintang-ruled areas. The Hundred Regiments War swept away this kind of air and inspired the confidence of the people throughout the country in the war of resistance. Even the Kuomintang army had repercussions. At that time, Wei sent a telegram to Zhu, general manager Peng, deputy commander, etc., saying: your department launched a hundred regiments war, which not only dealt a fatal blow to the enemy, but also gave spiritual encouragement to the friendly forces. This is a heavy blow to the Japanese imperialist political strategy and the strategy of destroying China. Even Chiang Kai-shek had to admit at the "commendation meeting" for Zhu De and Peng that the Eighth Route Army "decisively attacked and dealt a great blow to the enemy".
This shattered the anti-* * lie of the Kuomintang die-hards at that time, which called "the Eighth Route Army swam without fighting".
The Hundred Regiments War not only shook China, but also the world. United press international reporters in Peiping broke through the tight blockade of the enemy and reported the news of Hundred Regiments War to the international community continuously. Smedley, a famous American journalist, once described the Hundred Regiments War as follows: from the mountainous area in western Shanxi to the coast of the East China Sea, from the Yellow River to the Great Wall, it became a protracted war. "The Hundred Regiments War hit the enemy's entire economy, traffic lines and blockade network, and the battle was fierce and ruthless."
In short, the Hundred Regiments War has made great achievements, brilliant results and far-reaching significance. Seriously sum up the operational experience of the Hundred Regiments War and strive to build our army into a revolutionary and modern powerful army.
The martyrs who died heroically in the Hundred Regiments War are immortal!