The French high command plans to launch active operations on two battlefields: 1796. The forces of General Zhu Erdan and General Morrow of the French army must launch a major attack on the Austrian army from the Rhine. The French army commanded by Bonaparte, who fought in Italy, undertook a secondary task-to capture northern Italy, and then to join forces with the main force in Austria in order to occupy Vienna. However, the decisive battle took place in Italy. By the beginning of April, 1796, the main force of the French army in Italy had been deployed along the coast of Genoa Bay, confronting the troops led by General Corey and the Austrian army led by Marshal Boliuli (two groups under the command of General Argent and General Sebo St. Madoff). Guarding the mountain pass from Piedmont to France is the French Alpine Army under the command of General Creaer Mann, opposite to the stormtroopers under the command of Duke Aosta. On April 1 1 day, Boliu began to take active actions in an attempt to expel the French army from Italy. The next day, the French army also turned to attack. The main force of the French army quickly wedged into the gap between the allies in Sao, and used the weakness of the scattered deployment of the allies to break it in turn. Thus cutting off the contact between the stormtroopers and the Austrian army. Bonaparte is different from an enemy fighting on a broad front. From beginning to end, he concentrated superior forces against the enemy's independent groups in order to break them one by one. On April 12, the French army defeated the main force of the Austrian army near Mount Tenot, and on April 22, it defeated the troops near Cervar and Mount Vito, forcing Sardinia to make peace with France alone on May 5. On May 6th, at 438+00, the Austrian army was defeated again in the Battle of Rorty. The French army occupied Milan in May 15, and laid siege to mantua on June 4. One of them advanced into Tuscany and occupied Livorno with a British naval base on June 29. At the end of July, the battle of mantua kicked off.
The high command of the Austrian army tried to break the siege of mantua fortress four times, but the Austrian army was completely defeated after several battles. These battles include: Castilla, Rovedo, Bassano, Acolet and Rivery. Since May 1796, the Austrian army was commanded by General Villm Ze, and in June of the same year 10 was commanded by Marshal alvin toffler Qi. 1797 On February 2, mantua's defenders surrendered and the Austrian army was completely driven out of northern Italy. In March, the French army invaded Austria and began to attack Vienna. 18 April, Leopold armistice agreement was signed. After that, Bonaparte provoked a conflict with Venice and occupied Venice. 1797 10 07 10/7, Campo reached an agreement in favor of France. Virmio Peace Treaty.
Napoleon's March into Italy began under the slogan of defending the Republic of China, but it later turned into a war of aggression. In this March, Napoleon's strategy was formulated according to the political purpose of the French bourgeoisie, aiming at destroying the Austrian alliance, overthrowing Austria's rule in northern Italy and replacing it with himself. The French bourgeoisie tried to seize Italy, which can be used as a source of food and funds, and opened up a convenient road to the Balkans and the Near East. During the March, Napoleon established many republics on Italian territory and carried out bourgeois reforms. However, the French army grossly violated the sovereignty of the Italian people, plundered the property of the conquered areas and brutally suppressed the people's dissatisfaction. Napoleon's March into Italy fully shows that it has obvious advantages to concentrate on fighting in the war zone than in the cordon.
The victory of the French army is mainly attributed to Napoleon's command art and the application of new tactics. Napoleon always used and developed the tactics of the revolutionary army-the combination of columns and scattered formations, resolutely abandoned the cordon strategy of the Austrian high command, and strived to annihilate each other's effective forces first. Napoleon mobilized his troops skillfully and quickly in spite of the overall superiority of the enemy. Use concentrated assault to break the enemy one by one. During his career as commander-in-chief, Napoleon was good at relying on talented generals emerging from the revolutionary army, such as Bertil, Rupert, massena and others.