What is the strategic goal of China's socialist construction? It is socialist modernization, that is, the "four modernizations" we usually talk about. This strategic goal of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people's modernization was put forward in 1950s.
(A) the establishment of the strategic goal of modernization
1954 In September, Zhou Enlai put forward the idea of "four modernizations" for the first time in his government work report at the First National People's Congress. He said: "If we don't build strong modern industry, modern agriculture, modern transportation and modern national defense, we can't get rid of backwardness and poverty, and our revolution can't achieve its goal." 1September, 956, the goal of "four modernizations" was written into the general program of party constitution formulated by the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. 1957 February, Mao Zedong changed the formulation of strategic objectives in the Report on Correctly Handling Contradictions among the People, which is the modernization of modern industry, modern agriculture and modern science and culture.
In the early 1960s, in the process of national economic adjustment, the order of the four modernizations was adjusted again, that is, "agricultural modernization" came before "industrial modernization". At the same time, change "modernization of science and culture" to "modernization of science and technology". 196465438+February, according to Mao Zedong's opinion, Zhou Enlai pointed out in the "Government Work Report" made at the first meeting of the Third National People's Congress: "Generally speaking, the main task of developing the national economy in the future is to build China into a socialist power with modern agriculture, modern industry, modern national defense and modern science and technology in a short historical period, so as to catch up with and surpass it. Even during the "Cultural Revolution", from June 5438 to June 54381June 975, the "Government Work Report" made at the first meeting of the Fourth National People's Congress still talked about "realizing the modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense and science and technology".
During the twenty years from the First National People's Congress to the First Session of the Fourth National People's Congress, the Party and the state gradually established the strategic goal of China's socialist construction and made efforts for it. However, during this period, China was generally in the stage of struggling to establish an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system. In addition, the interference of the guiding ideology of "taking class struggle as the key link", which has gradually expanded since the expansion of the anti-rightist struggle in 1957, prevented us from concentrating on modernization, and the gap between the goal and reality was too great, especially the "Cultural Revolution" that lasted for ten years, which made this goal very difficult.
(B) the re-establishment of the strategic goal of modernization
After the Cultural Revolution, Deng Xiaoping resumed work in July 1977, and the goal of "four modernizations" was put forward again.
1977 65438+In February, Deng Xiaoping, who had just resumed his work, said in his speech at the plenary session of the Central Military Commission that the grand goal of realizing the four modernizations is the overall situation, and we should have this overall concept.
1The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee held in February 1978 resolutely abandoned the wrong policy of "focusing on class struggle" and made a strategic decision to shift the focus of the whole party's work and people's attention to socialist modernization. Since then, expressions such as "contribute all our strength to realize the four modernizations", "unite to realize the grand goal of the four modernizations", "be the promoter of the four modernizations" and "strive for the great victory of the four modernizations" have appeared in Deng Xiaoping's works and Party documents for many times, becoming the most important slogans to inspire and inspire the whole party and people. In Deng Xiaoping's view, realizing the four modernizations is the most important new situation and new problem in China today. This is our main task and the biggest politics at present; This is a profound and great revolution; Is the center of all our work. He said: "Whether we can realize the four modernizations determines the fate of our country and nation."
Unity of the three goals of prosperity, democracy and civilization
The development of socialist construction in China must be centered on economic construction, but economic construction is not the only task. While persisting in taking economic construction as the center, we should also devote ourselves to all-round economic, political and cultural progress.
The design of our Party's strategic objectives for the four modernizations has already included the content of cultural construction. The "scientific and cultural modernization" mentioned earlier and the "scientific and technological modernization" mentioned later all include tasks in this respect. Although the "four modernizations" highlight economic construction and mainly focus on the strategic goal of economic development, our party always pursues the unity of economy, politics and culture when designing the strategic goal of socialist construction and development in China, emphasizing the unity of the three goals of prosperity, democracy and civilization.
After the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and then to the 13th National Congress, based on the basic national conditions that China is in the primary stage of socialism, it was put forward that "the general task of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the new historical period is to unite the people of all ethnic groups in the country, work hard through self-reliance, gradually realize the modernization of industry, agriculture, national defense and science and technology, and build China into a prosperous, strong, democratic and civilized socialist modern country." It was written into the basic line of the party in the primary stage of socialism formulated by this congress.
In the overall goal of building a prosperous, democratic and civilized socialist modern country, "prosperity" refers to economic modernization and building a high-level material civilization; "Democracy" refers to political modernization and the establishment of a vibrant democratic political system; "Civilization" refers to cultural modernization and spiritual civilization construction. We should also see that in this target design, the direction and road of socialism cannot be shaken. Deng Xiaoping clearly pointed out that the four modernizations we are carrying out now are socialist modernization, not other modernizations. He also said: If we only talk about the four modernizations and don't talk about socialism, we will forget the essence of things and leave the development path of China.
In a word, the strategic goal of China's socialist construction, if summed up in the simplest sentence, is "four modernizations"; Further, it is to build a prosperous, strong, democratic and civilized socialist country.