1 Introduction
With the rapid development of economy and the continuous improvement of national economic level, the use of electronic products has spread to people's daily life, and gradually developed to large screen, flat surface and high definition, which is enough to show that the technical content of electronic products is getting higher and higher. With the improvement of electronic product production technology, the requirements for product manufacturing environment are also increasing. As the basis of improving the production process and quantitative production of electronic products, electronic cleanliness and scientificity must improve the production environment of electronic products and build an absolutely clean electronic workshop. Therefore, this paper starts with the architectural design of electronic clean workshop, and through the analysis of the architectural design of electronic clean workshop, makes clear the problems and difficulties in the design process, and gives targeted suggestions, aiming at better building electronic clean workshop and further meeting the requirements put forward by all parties in the electronic industry under the new situation [1].
2 the concept of electronic clean workshop
Clean workshop refers to excluding the polluted objects in the fixed space from the workshop, and effectively controlling other relevant parameters in the workshop (such as particulate matter, harmful air and bacteria, temperature, humidity, pressure and other related parameters). In the design process of electronic clean workshop, it is necessary to effectively isolate the noise and dust outside the workshop; Effectively control the wind speed and air pressure in the factory building, and control it at an appropriate value; The indoor cleanliness of the workshop is kept within the specified range, and the basic requirements of the electronic clean workshop are met by completing a series of conditions. However, the design of clean workshop requires a high content of particles and bacteria in the air. Therefore, in order to control the air quality inside the real estate building and minimize the influence of external air quality on the air inside the factory building, it is also necessary to ensure that the interior of the factory building can still meet the requirements of cleanliness, air humidity and pressure when the external air changes.
3. Architectural design features of electronic clean workshop
The basic principle of architectural design of electronic clean workshop is to meet the requirements of electronic production. Under the new situation, the most prominent characteristics of the electronic clean workshop building are: first, the production scale is quantified, and the production process requires a lot of building volume; Secondly, the electronic clean workshop has strict requirements on the cleanliness, temperature, humidity and vibration prevention of the surrounding and internal environment; Thirdly, in the production of electronic products (such as integrated circuits, liquid crystal displays, semiconductor devices, etc.). ), it is necessary to use flammable and explosive materials such as toluene, silane and acetone, which are potentially dangerous and may cause fire. Therefore, how to eliminate the above three points in the construction of electronic clean workshop has become the primary consideration in design. According to the first characteristic, how to reasonably arrange each functional partition according to the requirements of electronic production and the distribution of the site, so as to meet the requirements of the electronic production line and the unified planning of product transportation in the factory building. Secondly, the clean workshop has a large volume, so how to scientifically define the degree of fire danger and then reasonably divide the fire prevention area. According to the second characteristic, the construction of electronic clean workshop requires higher cleanliness, temperature, humidity and vibration prevention of the surrounding air environment. How to control within the prescribed scope? According to the third feature, the electronic cleaning workshop has a large building area and a large volume, and flammable and explosive materials are often used. At the same time, the space layout of electronic cleaning workshop is tortuous, and once a fire breaks out, the economic loss is immeasurable.
4 Analysis of architectural design requirements of electronic clean workshop
To sum up, we can sum up the design requirements of the electronic clean workshop: firstly, because of the large volume and total area of the electronic clean workshop. Therefore, in the design process, it is necessary to arrange according to the needs of the site, divide areas with different functions, and keep the production area as close as possible to silane station, power station and wastewater station, which can not only ensure production safety, simplify pipeline layout, but also conform to the national ecological environment protection strategy. At the same time, the fire risk grade and fire resistance grade are effectively divided, and the safe evacuation passage is reasonably designed. Secondly, due to the high requirements for air environment in the electronic clean workshop, effective measures should be taken to improve the cleanliness of the workshop environment in the design process. Finally, due to the need to use more flammable and explosive materials in the production process of electronic products, the fire incidence and safety hazards are relatively high, and the internal space of the factory building is relatively compact, resulting in tortuous evacuation routes. Therefore, in the design process of electronic clean workshop, evacuation routes should be arranged scientifically and reasonably to reduce the economic losses caused by fire and ensure the safety of personnel [2].
5 electronic clean workshop design
5. 1 Safe evacuation design
As an important part of fire protection design, safe evacuation design is very important. In case of a fire in a clean workshop, in order to ensure the safe evacuation of indoor personnel, materials and equipment, the setting of safety exits shall meet the following requirements. First of all, the number of safe exits in each production floor, fire partition and clean room of electronic clean workshop should comply with the provisions of Design Code for Clean Workshop. . Second, the safety exits should be distributed and obvious signs should be set. The door of the emergency exit should be opened in the evacuation direction and equipped with observation glass windows.
5.2 Cleanliness design of electronic workshop
The cleanliness design of electronic clean workshop is a key part of architectural design, so the cleanliness design can be analyzed and designed from the following points. ; First, streamline personnel purification. The personnel purification streamline of electronic cleaning workshop should follow the principle of gradual circulation. Relevant personnel enter the shoe changing area through the outer door, and then enter the changing area. After changing clothes in the changing area, enter the production area through the air shower room. In the design of workshop building in electronic cleaning area, the streamline of personnel purification must be followed to prevent cross-contamination caused by the problem of staff walking route. Secondly, to ensure the cleanliness of materials, the problem of material cleanliness should be carefully considered in the design process of electronic clean workshop. Therefore, the entrance of equipment and materials into the clean room should be arranged separately from the personnel entrance, and the materials and equipment should be cleaned before entering the clean room. Thirdly, the design of electronic clean workshop should consider the sealing of enclosure system. Therefore, the decoration materials used in the clean area should be materials that have no influence on electronic production, and there will be no dust on the surface of the materials. The design structure should develop in the plane direction as far as possible to reduce bumps.
5.3 fire partition design
The partition wall structure used in the fire partition of the electronic clean workshop must have a certain fire resistance limit, which can prevent the fire from spreading in a certain period of time when a fire occurs. Therefore, the design of workshop fire partition should focus on the following aspects: First, the electronic clean workshop needs to ensure the cleanliness of the workshop, and the skylight facilities are sealed, thus ensuring the air tightness of the workshop, which will lead to the following situations after the fire. The carbon dioxide and toxic gas produced by flue gas can't flow out, which makes people suffocate and faint by inhaling a lot of flue gas, and the external wall is not opened. Therefore, indoor fire cannot be found in the first time, which will cause certain difficulties for personnel evacuation and fighting. Therefore, the Code for Design of Clean Workshop clearly stipulates that the exterior wall of the clean room on the same floor of the clean workshop must be provided with doors and windows that allow firefighters to enter the room. When the distance between doors and windows is more than 80m, a special fire escape or exit shall be set for this section of external wall. At the same time, the width of the dedicated fire escape should not be less than 750mm, and the height should not be less than 1800mm, with obvious signs. There are at least two fire rescue exits in each fire zone.
Secondly, the space layout of the electronic cleaning workshop is tortuous, and the workers' access routes are complicated, which prolongs the distance and time for safe evacuation. Therefore, according to the Code for Design of Clean Workshop, the safety exits of electronic clean workshop must be distributed, and the safety exits and evacuation signs must be placed in obvious places. Thirdly, because the equipment of the clean workshop is highly sealed, and equipped with gas or combustible steam alarm device and fire extinguishing device, the clean workshop can be fortified according to Class C, and its fire resistance rating should not be lower than Class II according to the fire characteristics of the electronic clean workshop. Fire risk should be implemented according to the relevant provisions of the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings. The oxidation room, diffusion room and lithography room of integrated circuit factory can be fortified according to Class C fire risk. ..
6 conclusion
Under the new situation, under the premise of meeting the relevant specifications, the design of electronic clean workshop should arrange the process flow line as reasonably as possible, and the layout of the defense zone should be scientific and reasonable. At the same time, the layout of fire safety exits should also meet the requirements of factory buildings. Under the background of the rapid development of information technology in China, the electronic industry is also developing continuously. Therefore, it is an inevitable development trend to design a reasonable electronic clean workshop.
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