1904, due to the expansion of the navy by President theodore roosevelt and the need for a large number of new officers, halsey graduated ahead of schedule and served on a coal-burning warship "Kansas". Although he is only a junior officer, he is eager to show his talents in the war. Before the First World War, halsey was ordered to command the destroyer "Froth". As it happens, the future President of the United States, franklin roosevelt, is also engaged in maritime survey work on this warship, and they have forged an extraordinary friendship. When World War I broke out, halsey finally got his wish and became the commander of a destroyer formation. In the battle, he showed outstanding military talent and was appreciated by his superiors. After the First World War, Lieutenant Colonel halsey became the naval attache of the American Embassy in Germany after being trained by the naval intelligence department. 1924 was appointed captain of the destroyer. Two years later, he was promoted to vice captain and naval colonel of the battleship Wyoming.
1927 was an important turning point in halsey's naval career. Halsey became the captain of the training ship "Rena" of the Naval Academy, and this ship happened to be the training base for the first flight student brigade of this school, which gave halsey an unexpected opportunity to learn aviation knowledge. He is crazy about flying. Although he was not allowed to fly because of his poor eyesight, he was convinced that aircraft had become an important part of the maritime combat fleet and began to study how aviation forces signed contracts with surface ships.
1935, after receiving training at Peng Sacola flight school, halsey was ordered to be the captain of Saratoga aircraft carrier. Two years later, he was transferred to the principal of Pensacola Flying School and promoted to Major General. 1938, halsey became the commander of the second aircraft carrier detachment, and was appointed as the commander of the 1 aircraft carrier task force the following year, with Saratoga as the flagship. 1in the spring of 940, he was promoted to commander of the aircraft carrier task force, commanding all aircraft carriers under the jurisdiction of the Pacific Fleet, and was promoted to vice admiral. Although he has entered the ranks of senior commanders, he is still deeply interested in various new technologies and has become an active advocate of some new technologies and equipment. Because he is good at bombing, he is called a "bomber". In the same year, all the Pacific fleet moved to Pearl Harbor.
194 1 With the escalation of the situation in the Pacific Ocean, the US Navy has continuously strengthened its air and sea power in the Pacific Ocean. 194 1 year165438+1October 28th, halsey led the 8th task force, mainly the aircraft carrier Enterprise, to transport the Marine Corps aircraft to wake island. According to the plan, they should return to Pearl Harbor before February 7th, 65438. However, due to the sudden gale, they were delayed for one day, and halsey and the Enterprise escaped. After getting the news of the attack on Pearl Harbor, halsey was ordered to rob the Japanese attack fleet (obviously a wrong decision), but in the chaos caused by the outbreak of war, a series of specious information made halsey's fleet pursue to the west of Pearl Harbor, which undoubtedly saved halsey and the Enterprise, because if the Japanese attack fleet was encountered north of Pearl Harbor, halsey would die.
At the beginning of the Pacific War, Nimitz, as commander-in-chief of the Pacific Fleet, put forward the operational policy of active defense and active attack, which was strongly supported by halsey. 1942 65438+1At the end of October, halsey led the special mixed fleet of aircraft carriers Enterprise and York City to carry out tactical raids on the Marshall Islands and gilbert islands occupied by the Japanese army, and the Japanese army occupied wake island at the end of February. These tactical victories can only achieve a little strategic balance for the total defeat of the US military in the early stage of the Pacific War.
On April 1942, halsey and Enterprise escorted the bumblebee that attacked Tokyo. On April 1942, doolittle led 16 B-25s to take off from the aircraft carrier Hornet and successfully attacked Tokyo. Halsey is very famous, but when the Coral Sea Battle took place in early May, halsey was on his way to the war zone. Before the Battle of Midway, halsey was forced to be hospitalized due to skin diseases. Unfortunately, halsey didn't take part in the Battle of Coral Sea and the Battle of Midway Island.
1942 10 In the middle of the year, the war on Guadalcanal was extremely unfavorable to the US military. Nimitz appointed halsey as the Supreme Commander of the South Pacific Theater (and Commander of the Third Fleet) to command the allied forces, army, navy and air force in the region to turn the tide. 10 year 10 on October 24th, the Japanese general attack began, and when they landed in the US army, they stubbornly defended themselves and repelled the Japanese attack many times. On 26th, halsey's task force 16 and task force 17 fought with the Japanese joint fleet in the waters off Santa Cruz Island, and the US Navy suffered a tactical defeat. Bumblebee sank, Enterprise was seriously injured, and two Japanese aircraft carriers were damaged, with a loss of 100. However, the Pacific Fleet Command believes that the overall situation of Guadao is not unfavorable. When halsey visited Henderson Airport on June 8th, 165438+ proposed "Kill the Japanese! Kill the japs! Kill more Japanese! " Slogans to inspire the defenders. In a series of subsequent wars of attrition in Guadalcanal, the US military gradually gained the upper hand. 1February, 943, the Japanese army in Guadalcanal was forced to evacuate. President Roosevelt sent a congratulatory message to halsey for the victory in the Battle of Guadalcanal. Halsey was subsequently promoted to Admiral. Since then, the Japanese army has suffered successive setbacks in the halsey war zone. Just then, the Pacific Fleet Intelligence Service deciphered the information that Isoroku Yamamoto, commander of the joint fleet, would fly to bougainville island for inspection. On April 18, halsey was ordered to organize this "revenge" ambush and finally shot down Yamamoto's plane.
1943 in may, the allied forces decided to attack the Japanese army from the central Pacific ocean and the southwest Pacific ocean at the same time. Halsey was ordered to organize and direct the Battle of Solomon Islands. The Third Fleet has been strengthened, with six aircraft carriers (more than 540 carrier-based aircraft), two battleships, 49 cruisers and destroyers, and the Marine Corps. On June 30, Hal landed in the west of New Georgia Island, which was fiercely resisted by the Japanese defenders. On August 25th, American troops captured the island and wiped out about 9,000 people. According to the scheduled plan, halsey's attack target will be Guerra Island in Collombon. There are 10000 Japanese troops on the island, and the storm will not only cause heavy casualties, but also make the battle protracted. Therefore, halsey decided to encircle the island without breaking through, and crossed the island to capture Villa Lavila, which provided a successful precedent for Nimitz's "cross-island combat" later.
Before landing in bougainville island, halsey was ordered to transfer some ships and troops to spruance. He organized and commanded the battle of gilbert islands, so we must consider winning by surprise. 1 943165438+1October1day, halsey successfully landed on the west coast of an island with inconvenient landing, which shocked the Japanese. However, the task force under the jurisdiction of halsey lags far behind in replenishing fuel and ammunition, while the Japanese fleet is strengthened by six heavy cruisers, which makes halsey face the most critical moment. Halsey sent his two aircraft carriers 1943, 165438+ on June 5th, and there were not enough surface ships to escort them. Carrier-based aircraft bombed six Japanese cruisers and four destroyers moored in rabaul, and Gu Hefeng hurriedly withdrew the heavy cruisers. The battle for bougainville island will not end until next March.
After the Battle of Solomon Islands, the US military formally divided the jurisdiction and tasks of the Central Pacific Theater and the Southwest Pacific Theater. Halsey, as the supreme commander of the South Pacific theater, was commanded by MacArthur in the battle, while halsey, as the commander of the 3rd Fleet, was led by Nimitz, which inevitably caused friction. By June of 1944, halsey's 3rd Fleet was no longer comparable, but developed into a fleet with four carrier groups (12 carrier) and more than 500 ships. Both Nimitz and halsey advocated bypassing the Caroline Islands and attacking the Philippines directly, but they were not adopted. In August, halsey led the 3rd Fleet to attack Caroline Islands, destroying 480 Japanese planes and about 65,438+000 ships. After discovering the emptiness of Philippine coastal defense, halsey advocated a direct attack on the Philippines, which was approved by the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the United States.
1944 10, halsey's 3rd Fleet commanded by Nimitz and Kincaid's 7th Fleet commanded by MacArthur entered Philippine waters. The Japanese fleet is organized into the southern fleet, the central fleet and the northern fleet, with ***4 aircraft carriers and 9 battleships against the US military. 19 cruisers and 33 destroyers, as well as more than 600 aircraft. Japan plans to use the aircraft carrier of the Northern Fleet to lure the Third Fleet northward away from Wright Bay, then use the Central Fleet to cross the San Bernardino Strait, and use the Southern Fleet to attack Wright Bay and destroy the landing point of the US military. According to relevant information, the Central Fleet will arrive at Leyte Bay first. Halsey led three task forces to block the San Bernardino Strait. 10/0 On October 24th, halsey stormed the Central Fleet. After receiving inaccurate information that the Central Fleet had escaped, it decided to attack the aircraft carrier of the Northern Fleet. At the same time, it ordered the formation of the 34th Special Task Force to block the Strait, but it was not dispatched. That night, the Central Fleet sailed through the San Bernardino Strait. At dawn on 25th, when Kincaid's main force trounced the Southern Fleet, sprague's escort carrier task force was attacked by the Central Fleet. After halsey sank two aircraft carriers of the Northern Fleet (the other two were subsequently sunk), it was recalled by Nimitz's telegram with incorrect contents. As a result, both sides lost fighter planes, and the Japanese army lost four aircraft carriers, three battleships, 1 1 cruisers, nine destroyers and 600 planes. Halsey's order is still under fierce criticism, but neither Kim nor Nimitz thinks so. They always defend it with the result of this battle. Halsey won the third Medal of Outstanding Service after the Philippine Battle.
After 1945, halsey led his troops to support the landing of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Then at sea, halsey couldn't find any opponent except Kamikaze. /kloc-in August of 0/5, Japan announced its unconditional surrender. The surrender ceremony was held on September 2nd on halsey's flagship battleship Missouri. Two months later, Halsey returned to San Francisco. In February 65438, halsey was promoted to a five-star general. 1947, halsey retired and published The Story of Admiral halsey. 1959 On August 6th, halsey died in San Francisco, USA.