I have collected some tips for several courses, hoping to help you.

China formula:

1 personify vivid images vividly and write+objects+features vividly.

There is momentum to strengthen the tone, emphasizing+object+characteristics in one go.

(3) Asking questions arouses readers' thinking, arouses readers' attention and thinking+object+characteristics.

Rhetorical question: emphasis, emphasis, etc.

(4) Contrast: emphasize … highlight …

(5) repeatedly emphasize ... strengthen the tone.

1. Expression: narration, description, lyricism, explanation and discussion.

Second, the expression techniques: symbol, contrast, contrast, suspense, echo before and after, desire to promote first, express meaning by holding things, express feelings by borrowing things, associate, imagine and set off (positive contrast, negative contrast).

Third, rhetorical devices: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, duality, quotation, rhetorical question, repetition, intertextuality, contrast, metonymy and irony.

Four, the six elements of narrative: time, place, people, the cause, process and result of things.

5. Narrative sequence: sequence, flashback and insertion.

Sixth, description angle: positive description and side description.

Methods of describing characters: language, action, manner, psychology and appearance.

Eight, the perspective of describing the scene: vision, hearing, taste and touch.

Methods of describing scenery: the combination of dynamic and static (writing static by moving), the combination of generalization and concrete, from far to near (or from near to far).

X. Description (or lyric) methods: positive (also called direct) and negative (also called indirect).

XI。 Narrative mode: general narrative and detailed description.

Twelve. Interpretation order: chronological order, spatial order, logical order.

Sprint English: First, strengthen listening and single choice, and tap the scoring potential.

It is not realistic to improve the listening level greatly in the final stage. It is suggested that the goal of listening comprehension should be to use the previous questions to improve the potential of English listening scores. Listen to the listening questions in the past three years, because the pronunciation, speech speed and question type of this listening material are the most standardized. Through this intensive training, students can more easily enter the real environment of examination and explore some rules and methods of examination. For example:

1, number. Digital test questions mainly examine numbers, including quantity, age, time, price, etc. , can appear in all types of listening tests. For different numerical questions, candidates can take different skills such as recording, judging and inferring to answer.

Prompt 1: For telephone number, house number, flight number and license plate number, candidates can take dictation to record the required numbers.

Tip 2: For the problem of judging numbers, you need to judge the numbers that meet the meaning of the problem from two or more numbers you hear.

Tip 3: Inference usually involves four simple mathematical operations, and it takes a little calculation to get the correct answer. 2. location. Location-based questions mainly investigate the location, and the content of this item is mostly special questions starting with where, such as: Where is the conversation most likely to take place? Where is this conversation most likely to happen? When solving this kind of test questions, you need to have some accumulation and inference.

Tip 1: Be familiar with and accumulate common place names, such as the names of countries, capitals, big cities, famous landmark buildings and famous mountains and rivers.

Tip 2: Be familiar with and accumulate words, phrases, sentence patterns and scenes related to various places.

Tip 3: According to the content of the conversation, make logical reasoning with common sense of life, so as to know the place where the conversation takes place.

Because there may be place names in spaces, candidates should also pay attention to the case of place names to ensure accurate and standardized spelling.

3. Inference. Inference questions not only include inferring numbers and places, but also often examine students' inferences about identity, relationships, attitudes, emotions and the causes of events. Generally speaking, such questions usually appear in short conversations.

Tip 1: Be familiar with and accumulate words, phrases, sentence patterns and scenes corresponding to different characters' identities and relationships, and make judgments according to the address forms and keywords provided by the dialogue content and the common sense of life during the exam.

Tip 2: Be familiar with and accumulate different meanings expressed by different pronunciations and intonations, as well as the implied information expressed by specific words, phrases and sentence patterns, and make accurate judgments.

Tip 3: Listen carefully to the whole process and cause and effect of the incident, select the essence from the rough, discard the false and keep the true, and find out the real cause of the incident.

4. Theme content. Topic questions mainly examine students' ability to grasp the main content of short dialogues or monologues. Students need to grasp key words or topic sentences and analyze and summarize the topic according to the key information obtained.

Single radio mainly tests vocabulary and grammar. On the last 100 day of vocabulary, we must insist on reciting some words every day, pay attention to the familiar meanings of commonly used words, and also need to master the knowledge of word formation. Grammatically, tense, voice, clauses (adverbial, definite article, nominal) and non-predicates (indefinite, gerund, participle) are the key points, and students can selectively train this kind of questions more.

Second, cloze scoring skills

1. Read the full text and grasp the main idea. Some students are either eager for success and always want to "do it in one step", or they are worried that reading through the article will not only fail to grasp the main idea, but will waste time. If you don't read the full text, you will read it and fill in the blanks. As a result, you will not be able to form a coherent idea, or "you can't see the forest for the trees", and your understanding will deviate from the center of the article, but haste makes waste.

2. Read the full text carefully and analyze the meaning. When doing cloze, some candidates see some familiar grammatical structures, such as sentences and phrases. There is no wrong thinking when choosing, and there is no in-depth understanding of the specific context, which leads to the mistake of "thinking set". Pay attention to the following points: pay attention to the internal connection of context; Pay attention to the difference between English and Chinese, and can't simply translate each other; Study the details and accurately identify the context; Give full play to logical thinking ability, and dig out the implication and implied meaning of the article; Judging by the common sense of life.

3. Fully verify and clarify the logic. Cloze the selected articles are excellent, its logic must be connected from top to bottom, and the context must be natural, orderly and convincing. Therefore, after completing a cloze, everyone should have a very clear feeling about the clue, context, theme and meaning of the article. If you still don't understand after reading it, just like "looking at flowers in the fog", it proves that your grasp of the article is still problematic, and you have to read the full text again to verify the answer.

Third, the pure rationality of the detailed induction questions in reading comprehension.

Since we learned the first English letter, we have been looking forward to getting one thing, that is the legendary "sense of language". This is a magic weapon for English teachers to cope with the challenges of their classmates. If the beauty of language really comes from feeling, is it a bit mysterious or absurd to study language? Many students complained, why did I understand this article, but I didn't do it right? Why do I think every answer to this question makes sense? In fact, it is very simple, because many students did not ask why when choosing the answer, but just "let the mind travel." In the reading comprehension part of NMET, more attention is paid to the application of reading skills, not just the mastery of reading content. Therefore, for some candidates with strong reading ability, even if they read the article with a little knowledge, the correct rate can be guaranteed to be above 80%. The theme and genre of reading comprehension have always maintained a diversified trend, with novel language materials, extensive sources, authentic language, novelty, education, reliability and readability. Most of the reading materials come from the latest foreign books and newspapers, so it is almost impossible to ask candidates to feel intimate with every article; However, the pattern of details, induction (theme), reasoning and word meaning has hardly been shaken, especially the core position of detail induction, so today we will share the answers to these two types of questions.

In the reading part of the college entrance examination every year, the detailed questions always account for more than half of the country. This shows the importance of detailed questions. However, the detailed questions are actually the simplest questions in reading comprehension. If the examinee can find the corresponding answer point in the original text, it is almost impossible to choose the wrong one.

Inductive questions, sometimes called thematic questions, mainly examine candidates' ability to distinguish facts from opinions, phenomena from essence. Many candidates are always confused about what is an opinion, what is an essence, what is a fact and what is a phenomenon. In fact, as long as you focus on the four corners of an article: the first sentence of the first paragraph, the last sentence of the first paragraph, the first sentence of the last paragraph and the last sentence of the last paragraph, there will basically be no deviation in direction.

Fourth, use words to express how to win.

Written expression has always occupied a very important position in college entrance examinations over the years, and compared with other types of questions, written expression is the easiest to make a breakthrough in a short time, because other types of questions are objective questions, and only written expression is subjective.

The marking teacher pays the most attention to language, in other words, it is a bright spot. There are four highlights: advanced vocabulary and grammar; Rhetoric; Effective conjunctions; A famous saying or proverb.

Generally speaking, the current stage-the end of March belongs to a special section. Our learning strategies should be: identify the shortcomings, specialize in strengths, accumulate by categories, accumulate by special projects, clarify our own thematic advantages, identify the shortcomings, find the ways to find the crux, focus on strengths with the help of teachers, experts, parents and other advantages, increase confidence and motivation, and establish the concept that the college entrance examination will never be out of control until it is over. "Everyone has a problem, let me make myself clear! No one is perfect, I am good! "

April-early May is a comprehensive stage. We should study English comprehensively, emphasize model test, review and ensure development. At this time, we should especially remind everyone that students with learning difficulties should not be impetuous and never relax until the college entrance examination; If you are a talented student, you will never give up until the college entrance examination is over! Keep practicing every day to familiarize yourself with your hands and heart! This stage is an important stage to improve the comprehensive level of English. The main learning tasks are:

1, prepare for the first and second mode exams;

2. Comprehensively sort out the writing ideas of situational writing and open writing, solidify the wonderful sentence patterns of paragraphs, and focus on breaking through the detailed paragraphs and comprehension paragraphs;

3. At the same time, strengthen the single simulation training of college entrance examination-review grammar and strengthen grammar rules;

4. Strengthen the recitation and application of common sentence patterns necessary for writing, and skillfully use proverbs and conjunctions;

5, unified training to re-screen all kinds of key and difficult points of the first and second simulation questions in each district.

To complete the learning task at this stage, we should adhere to the learning strategy: combing the first and second model test questions in Grade Three, combining the multiple tests and adaptive training in Grade Three, making clear our goals, finding out our advantages and disadvantages, and facilitating more targeted review in the next step.

Summary of the important conclusions of the first modern history book;

First of all, the cause (root) factor is the key.

1. The direct reason why Britain smuggled opium into China was to reverse the trade deficit with China.

2. In the Opium War, the direct cause of the emergence of the new trend of thought of "learning from the West" was the British invaders' "strengthening the ship and gaining the gun".

3. The direct cause of the thought of "learning from foreigners to control foreigners" is the change of the main contradiction in China society.

4. The main reason leading to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement is the contradiction between feudalism and the people.

5. The direct cause of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement: the organization that worships God.

6. The fundamental reason for the revolutionary and utopian nature of the "celestial system" is the social status of the small-scale peasant economy.

7. The fundamental reason for the failure to implement the new chapter of senior minister: China did not have the social conditions and class foundation to implement this plan at that time.

8. The reason why the great powers did not immediately launch the Second Opium War after their request of "amending the treaty" was rejected in 1853: Britain and France were busy with the Crimean War.

9, 65438+In the 1960s, the reason for the temporary reconciliation between the Qing government and foreign forces was the upsurge of the anti-aggression and anti-feudalism struggle of China people.

10, the root cause of the failure of the Westernization Movement: the class limitation of the Westernization School itself, which only introduced western technology and did not completely reform the feudal system.

1 1. The main reason why the proletariat in China came into being before the bourgeoisie: capitalist invasion, and the proletariat in China was born in foreign enterprises.

12. The fundamental reason why the national bourgeoisie in China has two sides is the semi-colonial and semi-feudal social nature of China.

13. The reason why the earliest national industries in China are mainly distributed in coastal areas is that the natural economy disintegrated earlier and the conditions for capitalist development are mature.

14. The main reason why the early reformists and the Westernization School finally parted ways: different class attributes.

15. The main reason why the Reform Movement replaced the Westernization Movement and played a leading role in politics was that China's national capitalism had developed initially.

16, the root of the rise of the reform: the initial development of national capitalism and the further deepening of the national crisis.

At the end of 17 and 19, the reform movement developed from an ideological trend to a political movement. The key was that the reformists combined the reform movement with saving the country.

18, the main reason why the "open door" policy is supported by all countries is that it does not affect the major interests of big countries in China.

At the end of 19, 19 and the beginning of the 20th century, the fundamental reason why imperialism set off a frenzy to carve up China was that after entering the imperialist stage, the productive forces developed greatly and the bourgeoisie urgently demanded to seize the colony.

20. After the Yellow Sea War, the main reason why beiyang fleet lost its fighter plane was that Li Hongzhang ordered it not to go to sea to meet the enemy.

2 1,1At the end of the 9th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the fundamental reason for the western colonialists' economic aggression against China's massive export capital was that the major capitalist countries were in the transition to imperialism.

22. At the end of19, at the beginning of the 20th century, foreign aggressive forces failed to completely carve up and destroy China. The subjective reason is that the people of China rose up and rebelled.

23. The Boxer Rebellion was first exploited and then suppressed by the Qing government. The fundamental reason is that the boxer's understanding of Chinese and foreign reactionary forces is in the perceptual stage.

24. The main reason why the Boxer Rebellion launched anti-Qing activities in the early stage, and then put forward the slogan of "Fu Qing": sharp ethnic contradictions.

25. The main reason for the failure of the Boxer Rebellion: the Boxer Rebellion or the Old Peasant War.

26. In the feudal society, the fundamental reason why all the peasant revolutions in China ended in failure was that the egalitarianism thought under the natural economic conditions determined the narrowness of the peasant revolution.

27. Until the early Qing Dynasty, the fundamental reason why the bourgeois revolution failed to break out in China was that the seeds of capitalism in Ming and Qing Dynasties never developed into a real capitalist economy.

28,65438+At the end of 2009 and the beginning of the 20th century, the basic domestic factor that determines the historical development direction of China: the development of Chinese national capitalism.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the bourgeois democratic revolutionary thought gradually became the mainstream of China's social thoughts, the fundamental reason of which was the development of Chinese national capitalism.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the fundamental reason for many areas in China to recover the right of way was the need of national capitalist economic development.

3 1. The New Deal of the Qing Dynasty tried to preserve and expand their influence, but it contributed to the demise of the dynasty. The fundamental reason for this result is that the New Deal did not touch the social contradictions in China at that time.

32. The fundamental reason why the people of China carried out the road protection movement was that the Qing government sold the right to build railways to imperialism.

33. The key factor for the success of Wuchang Uprising lies in the enthusiasm and initiative of revolutionary soldiers.

34. The root cause of the failure of the Revolution of 1911 was the weakness and compromise of the bourgeoisie.

35. In the Reform Movement of 1898 and the Revolution of 1911, although the bourgeoisie demanded to save the country and survive, they all failed. The fundamental reason lies in the weakness and compromise of the bourgeoisie.

36. The root cause of the failure of China's political reform and revolution led by the bourgeoisie: China's national conditions determine that capitalism is not fully developed, or that capitalism is weak.

37. The root cause of the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement: the limitations of the old peasant uprising.

38. The fundamental reason why the Qing government failed in carrying out the "preparatory constitutionalism" was that the reactionary purpose of the Qing government had been completely exposed.

II. Aims, objectives, intentions and intentions

Before the Opium War, the direct purpose of British opium exports to China was to reverse the trade deficit with China.

2. The object of aggression is mainly embodied in the "agreed tariff" stipulated in the treaty of nanking between China and Britain: commodity export.

3. It can best reflect the fundamental purpose of the invasion of China by foreign powers during the two Opium Wars: opening trading ports.

The fundamental purpose of establishing the Prime Minister's yamen in Qing Dynasty is to meet the needs of foreign invaders.

5. After the coup, the western powers gave up "neutrality" and took the initiative to cooperate with the Qing government. The main purpose is to strengthen their control over the Qing government.

6. The fundamental purpose of western powers' assistance to the Qing government in suppressing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement is to safeguard and expand the interests of invading China.

7. The fundamental purpose of the Westernization Movement is to suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement and change the military backwardness at the same time in order to safeguard the rule of the Qing Dynasty.

8. During the Westernization Movement, the direct purpose of establishing China Merchants Bureau was to make profits and cooperate with the military industry.

9. In the later period of the Westernization Movement, the Westernization School set up many civilian industries under the banner of "seeking wealth", with the direct purpose of meeting the needs of military industry.

In 1970s, in 10 and 19, Russia supported the puppet regime of Akuba to invade Xinjiang, with the aim of using Akuba to realize the plot to split the territory of China.

1 1. One of the fundamental purposes of the Reform Movement is to save the national crisis.

12, the primary goal of the reform movement of 1898: to save the country and survive.

13. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the fundamental purpose of imperialism to become China's creditor was to control China's economic lifeline.

At the end of 14 and 19, the main purpose of the foreign powers seeking loans from the Qing government was to expand their influence in China.

15. The main intention of the United States to implement the "open door" policy in China is to occupy the China market.

16, the "Xin Chou Treaty" stipulates that the Qing government dismantled Dagu Fort and allowed imperialist countries to station troops along the railway from Beijing to Shanhaiguan. Its main purpose is to exercise armed supervision over the Qing government.

17, the direct purpose of the Qing government's "preparation for constitutionalism" in the late Qing Dynasty was to curb the booming revolutionary situation.

18. The direct purpose of Nanjing Provisional Government's promulgation of the Provisional Treaty Law is to restrict Yuan Shikai's power.

Third, the role affects the outcome.

1. The main function of god worship is to mobilize the masses to participate in the anti-Qing uprising.

2. The objective role of Hong Xiuquan in establishing the worship of God: the impact on the orthodox position of Confucianism.

3. From 65438 to the 1960s of 2009, the enterprises founded by the Westernization School had an impact on China's social economy: they introduced a new productivity, large-scale machine production.

4. The direct consequence of the Sino-French war: China gave up the protection of Vietnam.

5. The most profound social impact of "Writing on the Bus" is to make the reform trend of thought a political movement to save the nation from extinction.

6. The treaty of shimonoseki allowed the Japanese to set up factories in the trading ports of China, which had a direct impact on China: it hindered the development of China's national industry.

7. The actual outcome of Liaodong Peninsula after triple intervention: Russia's power is constantly increasing.

8. 1899, the United States put forward the "open door" policy, which had an impact on China: it formed a situation in which the great powers jointly occupied China.

9. The direct influence of the Boxer Rebellion: Crushed the imperialists' arrogant plan to carve up China.

10, 19 1 the actual consequence of the establishment of the "royal cabinet" of the Qing government: the constitutional monarchy was declared bankrupt.

1 1. The most important achievement of the Revolution of 1911 was to overthrow the feudal monarchy that lasted for more than two thousand years.

Fourth, the characteristics of performance signs.

1, 19 The invasion of China by western powers in the 1940s and 1950s was characterized by direct armed aggression.

2. Compared with the previous peasant wars, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement has new characteristics of the times: anti-feudalism, anti-aggression, and "Senior Minister's New Chapter" proposes to develop capitalism.

3. China's modern foreign-funded enterprises, westernization enterprises and national capital enterprises all have a common feature: they are all modern industries that use large machines and are the products of our semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.

4.65438+In the 1960s and 1970s, China's capitalist enterprises rose, the most essential feature of which was the private investment of bureaucrats, landlords and businessmen.

5. The obvious characteristics of Qing government's adaptation to modernization are: lack of initiative, compulsion and slow action.

6. Compared with the official schools under the imperial examination system, the characteristics of the new schools in the Westernization Movement are that they do not aim at cultivating feudal officials.

7. Compared with the early reformists, Kangxin School is characterized by carrying out a political reform movement with a certain mass base.

8. Compared with the thought of reform, the ideological characteristics of bourgeois revolutionaries represented by Sun Yat-sen are: putting forward a relatively complete revolutionary program.

9. The signing of the "Xin Chou Treaty" marked the formation of a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in China, and the most remarkable economic feature of China's semi-colony: the great powers controlled the economic lifeline of China, and China's natural economy still existed although it disintegrated.

10, the establishment of the Prime Minister's yamen marked the beginning of the semi-colonization of the central organs of the Qing government.

1 1,19 The symbol of the emergence of Chinese national capitalism in the 1970s: some businessmen, landlords and bureaucrats began to invest in new industries, and modern enterprises with the nature of national capitalism appeared.

12. The event that marked the beginning of the bourgeois-democratic revolutionary movement in China: the establishment of Zhong Xing Association.

13. The establishment of Xingzhonghui marks the initial formation of the bourgeois revolutionaries in China.

14,19 At the end of the 20th century, the contradiction between Britain and Germany became the main contradiction among imperialist countries. In China, it is represented by the forced lease of Jiaozhou Bay and Ahava.

15, the symbol of China's bourgeois-democratic revolution entering a new stage: the establishment of a national unified political party.

16, the symbol of the bankruptcy of the Qing government's "preparatory constitutionalism" scam: the establishment of the "royal cabinet" (19 1 1 year).

17, the symbol of * * * and the establishment of the national system in the modern history of China: the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional Government.

18, the establishment of the Nanjing provisional government marked the birth of the bourgeoisie and state power.

19, the symbol of the establishment of Beiyang warlord regime: the interim government moved its capital to Beijing.

20. An event that marks the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom's formal establishment of a peasant regime against the Qing government: Tianjin is the capital.

The essential nature of verb (abbreviation of verb)

1, the essence of the thought of "learning from foreigners to control foreigners": a strong country resists aggression.

2. The essence of Tianjing incident: the peasant class itself has serious limitations of small-scale peasant economy.

3. From the perspective of productivity development, the essence of Westernization Movement is to replace manual labor with machine production.

4. In early modern times, China's foreign wars mostly ended in failure. From the historical development trend, the essential problem is highlighted: the decadent social system lost to the advanced social system.

5. The essence of the Reform Movement of 1898: the struggle between the bourgeoisie and feudal forces.

6. The essence of "open door": The United States will eventually dominate China with its economic strength.

7. The essence of the New Deal in the late Qing Dynasty: saving the ruling crisis.

8. The essence of "preparatory constitutionalism" in the late Qing Dynasty: getting rid of political crisis and strengthening autocratic centralization.