The colonial activities of western countries in India began at the end of 15 and the beginning of 16. 1600, Britain established the East India Company in India, and the Netherlands and France invaded India one after another. 1757 In June, the war between India and Britain broke out, India was defeated and gradually became a British colony. 1849 Britain occupied the whole of India. /kloc-In the middle of the 0/9th century, religious and political reform movements appeared in India, and nationalist political groups increased day by day. 1On February 28th, 885, the Indian National Congress was founded. 189 1 In April, the British colonialists created the Amritsar tragedy, which led the Congress Party led by Mahatma Gandhi to launch a nationwide non-cooperation movement. After the end of World War II, the national liberation movement in India was unprecedentedly high. 1946 In February, Indian sailors staged anti-British uprisings in Mumbai and Madras. In order to get rid of the crisis, Britain sent a mission to visit India, and put forward the plan of establishing the Indian Federation, convening a constitutional convention and setting up an interim government.

1On June 3rd, 947, Britain announced the "Mountbatten Plan" and agreed to divide British India into two autonomous territories, India and Pakistan, according to the religious beliefs of the local people. In August of the same year, Pakistan and India were born in 14 and 15 respectively. After a long struggle, the Indian people finally ended the British colonial rule in India for 190 years. 1950 65438+1On October 26th, India announced the establishment of the Republic of China.

Leader: Gandhi, full name mohandas karamchand gandhi, Indian, born in 1869. The leader of Indian national movement is honored as "Mahatma" in India.

Gandhi 1888 went to London to study law and worked as a lawyer in Mumbai after returning home. From 1893, he opposed racial discrimination for a long time in South Africa and put forward the slogan of "non-violent resistance". Gandhi returned to India on 1920 and advocated the "uncooperative movement" against the British colonial government. Gandhi led the Congress Party to actively strive for India's independence. Soon, the Congress Party adopted Gandhi's "non-cooperative movement" plan. Since then, Gandhi has been the leader of the Congress Party, and the thought of "non-violence" has become the guiding ideology of the Congress Party. From the beginning of leading the Congress Party to India's independence, Gandhi played an important role in the Indian people's struggle for independence. Gandhi was arrested three times for resisting British rule and went on hunger strike 15 times. In addition, Gandhi also advocated the unity and cooperation between Hindus and Muslims in the anti-colonial movement, and advocated social improvement and women's equality.