1. Respect the characteristics and actual situation of primary school students.
Piaget, a famous psychologist, pointed out that the development of children's morality is a process with obvious stages, which can be divided into pre-moral stage, heteronomy stage, self-discipline stage and fair moral stage. Children have different characteristics in different moral stages, so we should respect their characteristics and actual situation when practicing pupils' moral behavior habits, which can neither stay in the primary moral education stage nor exceed pupils' cognitive development level. For example, fifth-grade students can better understand some fundamental moral theories, while first-grade students can only understand some theories from the appearance, so it is not "one size fits all" to practice moral behavior habits for primary school students. Primary school students are entering the stage of self-discipline, especially paying attention to guidance and encouragement. All the exercises of moral behavior habits should conform to the cognitive development level of primary school students in order to achieve outstanding results.
2. Master the best time to practice
The ancients said that "small success is a godsend" and "habits are formed from childhood", and the cultivation of excellent moral behavior habits needs to be started from childhood. The cultivation of moral behavior habits is a long-term process. As we all know, primary school students are in the embryonic stage of moral behavior habits, moral knowledge has just begun to form, and behavior habits have also begun to form. As Locke, an ancient educator, said, children are like a "whiteboard" with strong plasticity, so it can be said that primary school is a critical period to practice children's moral behavior habits. Therefore, it is necessary to seize the best opportunity for primary school students to develop their moral behavior habits, and every grade should be trained and guided in a targeted manner from the first grade. For example, students in grade three pay attention to the practice of moral causality judgment, while students in grade five pay attention to the practice of considering moral judgment.
Second, ways to cultivate pupils' moral behavior habits
1. Pay attention to typical demonstration and carry out typical education.
Typical education is to turn ordinary reasoning into life case education through a typical demonstration of people or things, and then guide people to learn and imitate. Primary school students are in the critical period of developing behavior habits. They love and are good at learning some behaviors and habits of adults and classmates around them. Therefore, we should attach importance to the power of role models and set up some positive models for them to demonstrate and educate, so that primary school students can discover and form excellent moral behavior habits in comparison and study. For example, we can encourage and guide primary school students by telling them the advanced deeds of Lai Ning, the founder of the Chinese Young Pioneers, and we can also encourage primary school students to learn from Lei Feng and do good deeds.
2. Create a moral education environment and adhere to conscious practice.
Xunzi said, "White sands are too dark for nirvana to help." Environment affects people's life, and all educational activities of people are inseparable from the influence of environment. Entering a good environment can make people "red" and entering a bad environment can make people "black". Therefore, to practice the moral behavior habits of primary school students, we must attach importance to the construction of moral education environment and adhere to conscious practice. First of all, we should pay attention to the construction of the material environment. Campus should try its best to create an excellent campus environment for primary school students, such as posting educational pictures or words on campus walls and blackboards in classrooms. For example, Xicheng Primary School in Wen Jia Street, Shouguang City, Shandong Province actively carried out the construction of class civilization and staircase civilization, and then carried out the construction of corridor civilization, creating an educational "civilization wall" in the corridor, which not only showed the campus characteristics, but also had an impact on the cultivation of primary school students' moral behavior habits. Secondly, educators should pay attention to the construction of energy and environment. Therefore, educators should really care about students, guide primary school students to care about others, actively establish a harmonious and intimate teacher-student relationship with primary school students, encourage and praise students more, make students feel equal and cared for, and actively create an excellent energy environment for the cultivation of moral behavior habits of primary school students.
3. Start from dribs and drabs and practice persistently.
As the saying goes, "Don't do it with small goodness, don't do it with small evils", and the cultivation of excellent moral behavior habits needs to start from small things and persevere. For this reason, educators should first realize the importance of doing small things, practice the habits of primary school students' moral behavior from small things, and let primary school students improve their moral awareness and develop excellent habits by doing small things. For example, from 20 10, Huimin Primary School in Zhangjiakou initiated and implemented the theme education activity of "Cultivating Ten Good Habits", calling on primary school students to start from small things and cultivate excellent moral behavior habits, such as sorting out white garbage in the community and carrying out "small volunteers" activities in learning from Lei Feng, so that every primary school student can learn from Lei Feng and do a meritorious deed. After carrying out this theme education, there are less scraps of paper and more civilized behaviors on campus. It can be seen that this behavior of "grasping small things and cultivating excellent habits" has obvious effects and is worth learning and popularizing. Secondly, educators should be patient, be patient with some common problems and mistakes of primary school students, and take pains to analyze unreasonable behaviors of students. At the same time, they should rely on advanced models to motivate students, help them gradually understand and correct their mistakes, and then form good habits.
4. Formulate standards of conduct and carry out practical activities.
Most primary school students are active and playful, and educators should formulate moral behavior standards according to this characteristic of primary school students, encourage good behavior and educate the embodiment of bad behavior. At that time, the state formulated the standard of daily behavior of primary school students, which has a binding effect on the fundamental behavior of primary school students, but the content of this standard is relatively wide. Campus should formulate more detailed standards of moral behavior according to national laws and regulations and the characteristics of campus itself and students themselves, so as to better guide the cultivation of excellent moral behavior habits of primary school students. For example, Weifang Qingzhou Economic Development Zone Primary School has written the prohibition of spitting and throwing paper flowers into the campus moral behavior standards. In addition, educators should be clear that the formation of moral character is a process of combining knowledge, emotion, will and action, so the cultivation of moral behavior habits must not only stay at the level of theoretical education, but also be supplemented by practical activities.