China is a great modern writer and translator and the founder of the New Literature Movement. Yucai was originally named Zhou Shuren, a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, and was born in a dilapidated feudal family. Young people are influenced by evolution.
1902 went to Japan to study medicine and then engaged in literary and artistic work in an attempt to change the national spirit. 1909 returned to China and taught in Hangzhou and Shaoxing successively. After the Revolution of 1911, he served as a member of the Nanjing Provisional Government and the Ministry of Education of Beijing Government, and taught in Peking University and Women's Normal University.
19 18 In May, Diary of a Madman, the first vernacular novel in the history of modern literature in China, was published for the first time under the pseudonym "Lu Xun", which exposed and criticized the cannibalism system violently and laid the cornerstone of the new literature movement. Before and after the May 4th Movement, he took part in the work of New Youth magazine, stood at the forefront of the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal new culture movement, and became a great standard bearer of the May 4th New Culture Movement.
During the period of 19 18- 1926, he successively created and published albums such as Scream, Grave, Hot Wind, Wandering, Weeds, Morning Flowers, Flower Cover Collection and Flower Cover Collection Continuation. Among them, the novella The True Story of Ah Q, published in19212, is one of the outstanding works in the history of modern literature in China. 1In August, 926, he was wanted by the reactionary authorities for supporting the patriotic movement of Beijing students and went to teach at Xiamen University in the south. 1927 1 went to Guangzhou, the revolutionary center at that time, and taught at Sun Yat-sen University. After the "April 12th Incident", he resigned from all his posts in Sun Yat-sen University in a rage. In the meantime, I witnessed that there were also non-revolutionaries and counter-revolutionaries among the youth, who were deeply influenced and completely gave up the fantasy of evolution. 1927 10 arrived in Shanghai.
Since 1930, Lu Xun has successively participated in progressive organizations such as China Freedom Movement League, China Left-wing Writers League, China Civil Rights Protection League, etc. Regardless of the persecution of the Kuomintang government, he actively participated in the revolutionary literary movement. 1936 After the dissolution of the "Left League" at the beginning of the year, he actively participated in the anti-Japanese national United front in the literary and art circles. 1927- 1936 created most of the works and a large number of essays in New Stories, which were collected in Gang Ji, San Xian Ji, Er Xin Ji, South-to-North Diversion, Pseudo-Free Book, Quasi-wind and Moon Talk, Lace Literature, etc. Lu Xun's life has made great contributions to China's cultural undertakings. He led and supported the progressive literary groups such as the "Unnamed Society" and "Chaohua Society". Editor-in-chief of literary periodicals such as National Newspaper Supplement, Mangyuan, Running, Germination and Translation; Enthusiastic care and active cultivation of young authors; Vigorously translate foreign progressive literary works and introduce famous paintings and woodcuts at home and abroad; He collected, studied and sorted out a large number of classical documents, critically inherited the ancient cultural heritage of the motherland, and compiled A Brief History of Chinese Novels, An Outline of the History of China Literature, Legends of Tang and Song Dynasties and Notes on Old Events.
193610 June19 died in Shanghai.
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Lu Xun (A.D. 188 1 ~ 1936) is a great writer, thinker and revolutionary in modern China. Originally known as Zhou Shuren, the word Yucai, Lu Xun is his pen name from 19 18. Born in Shaoxing County, Zhejiang Province, a decadent feudal family. Lu Xun was influenced by the theory of evolution when he was young. 1902 went to Japan to study medicine, and then engaged in literary and artistic creation in an attempt to change the national spirit. 1907, when the revolutionaries headed by Sun Yat-sen and the reformists headed by Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao started a big debate, Lu Xun published a paper and stood on the side of the revolutionaries. 1909 returned to China and taught in Hangzhou and Shaoxing successively. After the Revolution of 1911, she taught in Peking University and Women's Normal University. 19 18 In May, Diary of a Madman, the first vernacular novel in the history of modern literature in China, was published for the first time under the pseudonym of Lu Xun, which boldly exposed the feudal ethics of cannibalism and laid the cornerstone of the new literature movement. Before and after the May 4th Movement, he took part in the work of New Youth magazine, stood at the forefront of the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal new cultural movement, lashed out at feudal culture and feudal morality, and became a great standard-bearer of the May 4th New Cultural Movement. From 19 18 to 1926, he has successively created and published albums such as Scream, Grave, Wandering, Gai Hua Collection, etc., showing the ideological characteristics of patriotism and radical revolutionary democracy. During this period, Lu Xun began to contact Marxism-Leninism. 1in August, 926, he was wanted by the reactionary authorities for supporting the patriotic movement of Beijing students. He has taught at Xiamen University and Sun Yat-sen University in the south. After the "April 12th" counter-revolutionary coup, he angrily resigned from Sun Yat-sen University. 1927 10 arrived in Shanghai to study Marxism-Leninism seriously. 1930, successively participated in China Freedom Movement League, China Left-wing Writers League and China Civil Rights Protection League. Regardless of the persecution of the Kuomintang government, he actively participated in the revolutionary literature movement and introduced Marxist literary theory. Under the leadership of China Producers' Party, together with other revolutionary literary and artistic fighters, he waged an indomitable struggle with the royal literati and other reactionary literati of the Kuomintang government, crushing the cultural "encirclement and suppression" of the reactionaries. It was in this "encirclement and suppression" that Lu Xun, a capitalist, became a great man of the Cultural Revolution in China. At the beginning of 1936, after the dissolution of the "Left League", in response to the party's call, he actively participated in the anti-Japanese national United front in the literary and art circles. Under the guidance of Marxism, Lu Xun's essays in recent ten years creatively and profoundly analyzed various social problems, showing far-sighted political vision and indomitable fighting spirit. Lu Xun's life has made great contributions to China's cultural undertakings, and he is known as the "national soul". 193610 June19 died in Shanghai. Complete Works of Lu Xun (20 volumes) 1938 published. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Lu Xun's translated works have been compiled into Complete Works of Lu Xun (ten volumes), Translated Works of Lu Xun (ten volumes), Diary of Lu Xun (two volumes) and Letters of Lu Xun. 1956, Lu Xun's body was buried in Hongkou Park from Shanghai Hongqiao International Cemetery, and Mao Zedong wrote an inscription for the rebuilt Lu Xun's tomb. Beijing, Shanghai, Shaoxing and other places have successively established Lu Xun Museum and Memorial Hall.
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Lu Xun (188 1 ~ 1936)
China is a writer, thinker and revolutionary, and the founder of modern literature in China. Originally known as Zhou Zhangshou, it was later renamed. People from Shaoxing, Zhejiang.
Life and Creation Lu Xun was born in a declining scholar-bureaucrat family. 1898 went to Nanjing to study. He entered Jiangnan Naval Academy first, and was admitted to the Mining and Metallurgy School affiliated to Jiangnan Lushi College the following year. During this period, I came into contact with the "science" and "democracy" of the western bourgeoisie. 1902 went to Japan to study and entered Hongwen College in Tokyo. 1904 went to Sendai medical college to study medicine, and then gave up medicine. From 65438 to 0906, he returned to Tokyo to engage in literary and artistic activities, translated and introduced the literary works of Russia, Eastern Europe and other oppressed nationalities, and published some combative papers, such as Moro Poetry, Teaching the History of Science, and Cultural Deviation. /kloc-0 returned to China in August, 909, and taught in Hangzhou and Shaoxing successively, editing ancient novels after school. 19 12 Member of the Ministry of Education of Nanjing Provisional Government. After arriving in Beijing, he served as the head and clerk of the social education department. 19 18 At the beginning of this year, he participated in the editing of New Youth and published the first vernacular novel Diary of a Madman, criticizing the family system and feudal ethics. Since then, Kong Yiji, Medicine and The True Story of Ah Q have been published one after another. At the same time, he also created a style called dagger or javelin, wrote many essays and papers, and later formed a collection of miscellaneous feelings, Hot Wind, which was included in the Tomb. 1920 Since August, he has taught in Peking University, Beijing Normal University and other schools, compiled books such as A Brief History of China's Novels, and published collections of novels such as Scream and Hesitation. 1925, he led the youth to set up Mangyuan Society and Unnamed Society, edited Mangyuan, and translated and introduced foreign literature. 1In August, 926, persecuted by warlords, he left Beijing to teach at Xiamen University and Sun Yat-sen University. 1927 10 went to Shanghai to specialize in writing. 1929 Editor-in-Chief of Science and Art Theory Series. 1930, participated in initiating and organizing the establishment of the Chinese Left-wing Writers' Union, and served as the leader of the "Left-wing Writers' Union". In the meantime, he also joined the China Freedom Movement League and the China Civil Rights Protection League to fight against the Kuomintang and imperialism. During his stay in Shanghai, he published nine essays and a collection of historical novels, New Stories. He has edited literary periodicals such as Yusi, Running, Morning Flowers, Germination, Sentinel, Crossroads and Translation, and translated many foreign literary works. He supported the anti-Japanese national United front policy put forward by China Producers' Party and put forward the slogan "Popular Literature in the Period of National Revolutionary War". 193610 June19, this great cultural giant died in Shanghai due to overwork.
Achievements Lu Xun was the standard-bearer of the New Culture Movement in China, and made great contributions to the democratic revolution and modern literature, leaving people with a rich and precious spiritual heritage. He translated about 1 00000 words in his life, including 3 novels, 0/7 essays, 0/essay, 0/memoir, more than 400 letters, 1 965438+2002. He also translated the literary works and literary theories of nearly 100 writers from four countries and printed them into 33 singles. In addition, 18 kinds of ancient books have been compiled. These works have been published in different versions, including 1959 translated works of Lu Xun, 10 volume, 198 1 complete works of Lu Xun, 16 volume and so on. Lu Xun's works have enriched the treasure house of world literature, and have been translated into more than 50 languages such as English, Japanese, Russian, Spanish, French, German, Arabic and Esperanto, and have a wide audience all over the world.
Lu Xun's life was highly praised by China's * * * production party and the people of the whole country. Mao Zedong pointed out in "On New Democracy": "Lu Xun is the most correct, courageous, resolute, loyal and enthusiastic national hero who represents the majority of the whole nation on the cultural front and charged at the enemy. Lu Xun's direction is the direction of China's new culture. " The study of Lu Xun's thought and creation began after the publication of 19 18 Diary of a Madman. Selected Works of Lu Xun's Research in the Past 60 Years published by China Academy of Social Sciences brings together some important achievements in this field. In addition, there are many monographs by Lu Xun's research experts.
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Brief introduction of Lu Xun
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Lu Xun [188 1 September 25th ~19361October 19], China writer, thinker and revolutionary. Yucai was originally named Zhou Shuren and was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Born in a dilapidated feudal family. Youth was influenced by the theory of evolution, Nietzsche's superman philosophy and Tolstoy's thought of fraternity. 1902 went to Japan to study, originally studied medicine at Sendai Medical College, and then worked in literature and art in an attempt to change the national spirit. 1905- 1907 participated in revolutionary activities and published papers such as Moro Poetry and Cultural Prejudice. During this period, I was ordered by my mother and wife Juan to return to China to get married. 1909 Co-translated the Collection of Foreign Novels with his brother Zhou Zuoren to introduce foreign literature. He returned to China in the same year and taught in Hangzhou and Shaoxing. After the Revolution of 1911, he served as a member of the Nanjing Provisional Government and the Ministry of Education of Beijing Government, and taught in Peking University and Women's Normal University. 19 18 in may, the diary of a madman, the first vernacular novel in the history of modern literature in China, was published for the first time under the pseudonym of Lu Xun, which laid the foundation stone of the new literature movement. He participated in the work of New Youth magazine around the May 4th Movement and became the leader of the May 4th New Culture Movement. From 19 18 to 1926, he successively created and published novels, vagrancy, essays, graves, essays, poems, weeds, essays, hot air, canopy and the continuation of canopy. Among them, the novella The True Story of Ah Q published in19212 is an immortal masterpiece in the history of modern literature in China. 1in August, 926, he was wanted by the Beiyang warlord government for supporting the patriotic movement of Beijing students, and served as the head of the Chinese Department of Xiamen University. 1927 1 month, went to Guangzhou, the revolutionary center at that time, and served as the academic director of Sun Yat-sen University. 1927 10 arrived in Shanghai and began to live with his student Xu Guangping. 1929, son Zhou Haiying was born. 1930, successively participated in China Freedom Movement League, China Left-wing Writers League and China Civil Rights Protection League, resisting the dictatorship and political persecution of the Kuomintang government. From 1927 to 1936, he created most of the works and a large number of essays in the Collection of Historical Novels, which were included in Ji You, Sanxian, Erxin, Mobilizing from the South to the North, Pseudo-Free Book, Quasi-Romantic Talk and Lace. Lu Xun's life has made great contributions to China's cultural undertakings: he led and supported literary groups such as "The Unknown Society" and "Chaohua Society"; Editor-in-chief of literary periodicals such as National New Newspaper Supplement [B], Mangyuan, Yusi, Running, Germination and Translation; Enthusiastic care and active cultivation of young authors; Vigorously translate foreign progressive literary works and introduce famous paintings and woodcuts at home and abroad; Collect, study and sort out a large number of classical documents, compile A Brief History of Chinese Fiction, Outline of China Literature History, sort out Ji, compile Miscellaneous Notes on Old Books in Huiji County, Gougu Novels, Legends of Tang and Song Dynasties, Notes on Old Novels and so on. 19361June19 died of tuberculosis in Shanghai. Tens of thousands of Shanghai citizens spontaneously held public sacrifices and funerals and were buried in Hongqiao International Cemetery. 1956, Lu Xun's body was buried in Hongkou Park, and Mao Zedong wrote an inscription for the reconstructed Lu Xun's tomb. Complete Works of Lu Xun (20 volumes) 1938 published. After the founding of New China, the translated works of Lu Xun have been compiled into Complete Works of Lu Xun (ten volumes), Translated Works of Lu Xun (ten volumes), Diary of Lu Xun (two volumes) and Letters from Lu Xun, and various ancient books edited by Lu Xun have also been reprinted. 198 1 year, The Complete Works of Lu Xun (16) was published. Luxun Museum and Memorial Hall have been established in Beijing, Shanghai, Shaoxing, Guangzhou and Xiamen. Dozens of novels, essays, poems and essays by Lu Xun were selected into Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools. The novels Blessing, The True Story of Ah Q and Medicine were adapted into movies.