The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement is an anti-imperialist and anti-feudal movement of the peasant class, and the fundamental reason for its failure is the limitations of the peasant class itself. The Westernization Movement was a self-help action of the feudal landlord class to learn from the West. The fundamental reason for its failure is that China is a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, and it is impossible to improve its social nature without fundamentally changing it. The Reform Movement of 1898 was a reform movement of bourgeois reformists. The fundamental reason for its failure is that the national bourgeoisie in China is not fully developed and its strength is weak.
Brief introduction of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement
The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement was a peasant uprising war against feudal rule and foreign capitalist aggression initiated by leading groups such as Hong Xiuquan, Yang, Xiao Chaogui, Feng Yunshan, Wei Changhui and Shi Dakai from the first year of Xianfeng to the third year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1-0/864). It was/kloc-China in the middle of the 9th century. 1864, Tianjing, the capital of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, fell, marking the failure of the movement.
Introduction to Westernization Movement
Westernization movement, also known as self-help movement and self-improvement movement in the late Qing Dynasty. From 65438 to 2009, this movement was a "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth" movement launched by the Westernization School in the 1960s and 1990s, which introduced western military equipment, machine production and science and technology to maintain feudal rule.
Although the Westernization Movement did not make China rich and strong for more than 30 years, it introduced advanced western science and technology, which led to the emergence of the first batch of modern enterprises in China and objectively promoted the emergence and development of Chinese national capitalism.
The fundamental guiding ideology is "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth". Its classification ideas are "learning from foreigners to control foreigners" and "learning from China and using the West". The first four words "learning from foreigners to control foreigners" show the relationship between the Westernization Movement and foreign capitalist aggressors, that is, learning western skills to resist western aggression and pave the way.
Brief introduction of the reform movement of 1898
The Reform Movement of 1898, also known as the Reform Movement, refers to the bourgeois reformists with Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao as the main leaders who advocated learning from the West through Emperor Guangxu from June to February, 65438, advocating scientific culture, reforming the political and educational systems, and developing the political reform movement of agriculture, industry and commerce. However, the Reform Movement of 1898 was strongly resisted and opposed because it harmed the interests of the old school headed by Empress Dowager Cixi. 2 1, in September, 65438, Empress Dowager Cixi and others staged a 1898 coup, and Emperor Guangxu was imprisoned in Yingtai, Zhongnanhai. The reformists Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao fled to France, Japan, Tan Sitong,,, and Yang respectively. The Hundred Days Reform was a part of 1898 Reform Movement.
The Reform Movement of 1898 was an important political reform in the modern history of China, and it was also an enlightenment trend of thought, which promoted ideological emancipation, social progress, ideological and cultural development, and promoted the progress of modern China society.