Nowadays, computers have spread to thousands of households. How to maintain and maintain your computer and maximize its service life is a concern of every user. The following is about computer hardware maintenance and maintenance, and I will search for it for you. Welcome to reading. I hope it helps you! For more information, please continue to pay attention to our fresh graduates training network!
A, computer hardware maintenance
(1) Motherboard The daily maintenance of computer motherboards should be mainly based on dust and moisture. CPU, memory stick, graphics card and other important components are plugged into the motherboard. If there is too much dust, it may cause poor contact between the motherboard and various components, resulting in unknown faults of one kind or another, which will bring trouble to your work and entertainment; If the environment is too humid, the motherboard is prone to deformation, resulting in poor contact and other failures, affecting your normal use. In addition, when assembling a computer, don't tighten the screws that fix the motherboard too tightly. All screws should use the same force. If it is tightened too tightly, it is easy to deform the motherboard.
(2) CPU If you want to prolong the service life of CPU and ensure that the computer can complete its daily work normally and stably, you must first ensure that the CPU works at a normal frequency. It is not advisable to improve the performance of the computer by overclocking. When the computer is working normally, try to make the CPU work at the rated frequency. On the other hand, as a hot part of the computer, the heat dissipation of CPU can not be ignored. If the CPU is not well cooled, it may cause abnormal system operation, machine restart without reason, crash and other failures. It is very important to choose a good cooling fan for your CPU. In addition, if the machine has been working normally, don't touch the CPU. After cleaning the chassis and CPU, be sure to install it in place when installing, so as not to cause the machine to fail to start.
(3) Memory stick For the memory stick, it should be noted that when upgrading the memory stick, try to choose the memory stick with the same brand and external frequency as before to match the previous memory stick, so as to avoid the abnormal operation of the system.
(4) Video card and sound card The video card is also a big heater of the computer. Now all graphics cards have a separate cooling fan. Usually pay attention to whether the fan of the graphics card works normally, whether there is obvious noise or inflexibility, and it will stop after a while. If the above problems are found, the cooling fan of the graphics card should be replaced in time to prolong the service life of the graphics card. For sound cards, it must be noted that when plugging and unplugging microphones and speakers, it must be done under the condition of turning off the power supply, and never do the above operations in an electrified environment to avoid damaging other accessories.
(5) Hard disk ① Don't suddenly lose power when reading and writing. At present, the speed of hard disk is very high, usually 5400 rpm or 7200 rpm. When the hard disk is read and written, the hard disk is rotating at high speed. If the power is suddenly cut off, it may cause severe friction between the magnetic head and the disk and damage the hard disk. When shutting down, be sure to pay attention to whether the hard disk indicator light on the chassis panel is still flashing. If the hard disk indicator is flashing, it means that the hard disk reading and writing operation has not been completed. It is not advisable to turn off the power immediately at this time. Only when the hard disk indicator light stops flashing and the hard disk finishes reading and writing can it be turned off. ② Do not open the hard disk cover by yourself. If there is a physical fault in the hard disk, do not open the hard disk cover by yourself, because if dust in the air enters the hard disk, the magnetic head will scratch the disk or the magnetic head when reading and writing. If you really need to open the hard disk cover for maintenance, you must send it to a professional manufacturer for maintenance. Never open the hard disk cover yourself. (3) Do a good job of hard disk shock prevention measures. Hard disk is a kind of precision equipment. When working, the floating height of the magnetic head on the disk surface is only a few microns. When the hard disk is in the reading and writing state, once a large vibration occurs, it may cause the collision between the head and the disk, resulting in the damage of the hard disk. Therefore, it is best not to move when the computer is running. In addition, it is best to protect the hard disk with foam or sponge when moving or transporting to minimize vibration.
Second, the daily maintenance and maintenance of the computer
(1) Keep a clean working environment. Don't put the computer in a dusty environment. If installation is really necessary, do a good job of dust prevention. In addition, it is best to clean the dust inside the computer case once a month and do a good job of cleaning the machine to ensure the normal operation of the computer. Pay more attention to the cleaning and dust removal of computers in daily life to prevent non-ignition. In the dust removal operation, special attention should be paid to the following aspects: ① Pay attention to the cleanliness of the air duct. ② Pay attention to the cleanliness of the fan. (3) pay attention to the plug, seat, slot, plate gold finger parts clean. ④ Pay attention to the cleanliness of pins of large-scale integrated circuits and components. When cleaning, use a small brush or vacuum cleaner to remove dust, and observe whether the pins are soldered and wet, and whether the components are deformed, discolored and leaked. ⑤ Pay attention to the cleaning tools used. Cleaning tools are anti-static first. Secondly, if metal tools are used for cleaning, the power supply must be cut off and the metal tools must be treated by electrostatic discharge. ⑥ In the case of relative humidity, try to dry it before use. ⑦ Cleaning of LCD: Wipe the LCD and try not to use alcohol or other chemical solvents.
(2) Maintain a suitable temperature environment Generally speaking, the temperature within the range of 15℃ ~ 30℃ is suitable for work, and the temperature beyond this range will affect the reliability of electronic components, and the temperature for storing personal computers should also be controlled between 5℃ ~ 40℃. Integrated circuits are highly integrated and generate a lot of heat when working. If the heat in the chassis is not dissipated in time, it will make the work unstable, make the data processing wrong, and even burn out some components. On the other hand, if the temperature is too low, it will lead to poor contact of computer accessories, which will lead to the computer not working normally. If possible, it is best to install air conditioning in the room where the computer is placed to ensure the ambient temperature required for the normal operation of the computer.
(3) Maintain a proper humidity environment. Humid air is easy to induce corrosion of electrical equipment and circuit boards, leading to poor contact or short circuit, and the disk will be moldy, making the data stored on it unusable; However, if the air is too dry, it may cause electrostatic accumulation, which may damage the integrated circuit, clear the information in the memory or buffer, and affect the program operation and data storage. Therefore, when the computer is working, the relative humidity of the air is preferably between 30% and 70%, and the relative humidity during storage should also be controlled between10% and 80%. Suggestion: the computer should be well ventilated in working condition, otherwise the circuit board in the computer will be easily corroded, leading to premature aging of the circuit board.
(4) Keep a good anti-static and electromagnetic interference environment. Magnetic field has a great influence on storage devices. It may lead to the failure of disk drive, resulting in the loss of memory information, confusing data processing and display, and even destroying the data stored on disk. In addition, the strong magnetic field will also be magnetized by the display, resulting in abnormal color of the display.
(5) Ensure that a good grounding system is required. A good grounding system can reduce the clutter and interference generated by the power supply of the power grid and the computer itself, and avoid causing data errors in the personal computer system. In addition, it provides a loop for fault current and protects the computer in case of lightning and instantaneous high voltage.
In a word, computer maintenance is a complicated matter, involving both software and hardware. As long as scientific management methods are adopted, the low-fault operation of all kinds of equipment under ultra-high utilization rate can be guaranteed, thus giving full play to the maximum role of computers.
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