Analysis of test questions: Westernization Movement was an improved movement of "learning from foreigners and strengthening ourselves" initiated by Westernization Groups all over the country from 65438+ 1960 to 1990, which was advocated by enlightened officials in the Qing government to make use of advanced western production technology. In the early stage of the Westernization Movement, a number of modern military industries were founded with the slogan of "self-improvement", and in the later stage, a number of civilian industries were founded with the slogan of "seeking wealth". Jiangnan Manufacturing General Administration is a military industry founded by Zeng Guofan. A fits the question. Kaiping Mining Bureau and Shanghai Shipping Merchants Bureau are private enterprises founded by Li Hongzhang, and Hanyang Iron Works is private enterprises founded by Zhang Zhidong. B, C and D are all private enterprises. A is a military enterprise, choose item A.

Comments: This question is difficult and tests students' memory ability. At the same time, we should pay attention to the evaluation of the Westernization Movement. The evaluation of Westernization Movement should be viewed from both positive and negative aspects. Although the Westernization Movement failed, it played a positive role in the exploration of modernization and the development of modern national capital industry.