Psychology tells us that interest is the driving force to acquire knowledge, form skills and develop intelligence. Therefore, any form of teaching must strictly follow the principle of fun. Only when students have a strong interest in writing can the rapid training of writing be effective. Psychology also tells us that interest is related to current needs. Therefore, although there are various ways to improve students' interest in writing, one of the most important ones is to quickly educate students about the purpose of writing. If students soon realize the necessity of writing, they will have a strong interest in writing. In addition, writing questions should keep up with the situation, keep pace with the times, conform to students' real life and be as novel as possible, which can stimulate students' interest in writing and give them something to write.
2. Accumulate writing materials
This point should run through the whole rapid composition training, but it should be emphasized in the basic training stage. A clever woman can't cook without rice. No matter how good a writer is, he can't finish writing without writing materials. Therefore, students must be required to memorize by topic; Some typical materials, such as patriotism, party leadership, respect for knowledge, reform and opening up, building a clean government, learning from Lei Feng, etc. Every aspect should be remembered. The accumulation of materials, the teacher can only do guidance, let students find their own, not the whole class unified, the whole class unified, writing arguments will be the same. The accumulated materials should pay attention to three points: one is typical, the other is accurate, and the third is memory. Use your brain to remember, not just your notebook. The richer the material, the faster the writing speed.
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2. Writing Guidance Narrative Six Elements Analysis Writing Guidance Narrative Six Elements Analysis A narrative, no matter who wrote it, notes, objects, or scenery, cannot be separated from a certain time and place, and there must be cause and effect of things. In this way, there is the saying of "six elements of narrative".
These six elements are: time, place, people, the cause, process and result of things. Only when the six elements are clearly explained can the article be complete and specific.
The article One Side, the first volume of junior middle school Chinese, describes the accidental meeting between the author and Mr. Lu Xun, and shows Lu Xun's care and love for the progressive youth. The six elements of the article are: time:1noon in the autumn of 932.
Venue: Neishan Bookstore. Person: "I"-conductor of Shanghai Yingshang Automobile Company.
Cause: I went to the bookstore to take shelter from the rain when I took over. What happened: I met and talked with Mr. Lu Xun, and I bought books.
Results: I accepted the book presented by Mr. Lu Xun and remembered the spirit of Lu Xun forever. The six elements of this article are clearly explained, which not only makes the structure of the article coherent and complete, but also enables readers to see at a glance the time when the story happened, the identity of the characters, the process and result of the event, accurately grasp the content of the article and understand the author's thoughts and feelings.
Among the six elements, the cause and effect of time, place, people and things should be explained concisely, while the description of what happened should be as detailed, concrete and vivid as possible. On the one hand, due to the author's different state of mind and observation conditions, he wrote about Mr. Lu Xun three times. These three descriptions are different and have their own characteristics, depicting the image and character of Mr. Lu Xun.
When "I" wanted to buy books, but I didn't have enough money, I wrote a series of actions, language and mood, vividly depicting the complicated psychological change process of "I" such as urgency, embarrassment, shame and gratitude. Above, we talked about the necessity of explaining six elements when writing a narrative. So, should any article explain the six elements one by one? It depends on the specific situation of the article.
My Teacher, the second volume of junior middle school, describes the trivial things of Cai Pingfan, a female teacher in the author's memory, and vividly shapes a gentle, enthusiastic, just and caring young female teacher image. The article does not describe a complete event, but expresses the author's thoughts and feelings through many small things or fragments of things.
This kind of article does not need to explain the time, place, cause, process, etc. Every little thing, so as not to make the content of the article complicated. First, detail, in our daily life, often refers to trivial things, while in literary works, it refers to the smallest constituent unit that can describe people, stories, social environment and natural scenery in detail.
Writer Han Yingshan compares details to "the waves of life". His words can help us further understand the concept of details: the whole childhood life is rich and full of fighting colors. Therefore, when I conceived, the scene of my childhood life appeared in front of me like a living movie.
So I broke the original story frame and let my childhood friends walk into the "green reeds" with the soil of life, the moisture of the whole body, the sorghum flowers overhead and the words of life in my hometown. In the book, we began to fight for water, send messages, catch wild ducks, release osprey, go to the market and touch fish ... waves of life rolled in, just like fish are familiar with water and birds are familiar with reed ponds. I was very excited when I wrote, and I didn't feel laborious. Many details were unexpected at first.
(Details in the work-from "Green Grass Room". See the quotations from "water bucket" to "fishing" in "Writers on Creation". The author calls them "a series of waves in life", but actually refers to the details in literary works.
Some writers are more meticulous, thinking that every grass and tree, flower and stone in nature, every move and smile of people can be regarded as details, and the rest can be analogized. In people's social life, in the vast nature, details can be seen everywhere.
According to their own writing needs, writers choose those vivid and wonderful details to write colorful articles. For example, the following article is like this: I miss flowing down from the back of my hometown, flowing through the clear stream next to the banyan tree, the colored pebbles in the stream, the girl washing clothes and pumping water by the stream, and chasing the laughing ducks on the water; Miss the white stone bridge under the banyan tree, miss the carved stone tablet standing at the bridge head, and miss the little stone lion stroking and smoothing on the bridge railing.
The gurgling stream has swept away my childhood, and the ancient stone bridge has engraved my deep memory, with as many stories as the leaves of banyan trees.
3. How to write the beginning and end of the narrative composition guide If the beginning is compared to "firecrackers", then the end is like a "bell". The ancients said: "A good ending is like chewing dried fruit and sipping fragrant teas, which makes people memorable." Like the beginning, the ending is also very important. It would be a pity if an article with a clear theme and a novel angle was ruined by an ominous ending when it was finished! The ending should not only serve the content and center of the article, but also be restricted by the "beginning", which increases the difficulty of writing the ending. People call the end of a good article "leopard tail". Judging from the composition of the senior high school entrance examination, although the ending of the article is not necessarily required to be "leopard tail", it is also required to be concise, vivid and just right. Generally speaking, the common mistakes at the end of students' compositions are: ① gild the lily. That is to say, the full text is over, which should be thought-provoking, but the author is still not at ease, determined to shake a few words, explain the whereabouts of people who don't need to be explained one by one, and pierce the meaning that could have been realized. Empty slogans. Finally, in order to show his position and attitude, he shouted something irrelevant to the content of the article, which was a big theme. 3 sloppily. The meaning of the ending is clear, but it is too late to finish, which conflicts with the theme of the article.
From this point of view, the ending of the senior high school entrance examination composition is particularly important. How to write a good ending and improve the quality of exam composition? The following are the commonly used ending techniques for senior high school entrance examination compositions.
First, the natural beam. No matter what style of article, after expressing the content, it naturally closes the full text, instead of designing profound philosophical sentences and carving rich symbolic forms. This ending is called "natural ending". It completely avoids the ending fault of gilding the lily and moaning without illness. It is concise, simple and unpretentious, and is widely used in the composition of senior high school entrance examination. The composition atmosphere in the examination room is tense and the competition is fierce, so we should not pay too much attention to "form" and "law". As long as you are rich, you can play freely and you can fully express your feelings. However, paying attention to "nature" does not mean being arbitrary and hasty, but ending the overall situation along the natural trend of literary development. There are many such examples in the learned text, so I won't repeat them here.
1, head-to-tail echo type. The end should echo the beginning, write a sentence that echoes the beginning, and don't simply repeat it. This way of ending is a common way of ending all kinds of articles. This method can arouse readers' psychological aesthetic feeling and produce a feeling of rounded head and tail. For example, A Precious Shirt says, "In my house, there is a white shirt, which is really cool." Finally, I wrote: "I have carefully collected this precious shirt for four years, and I have never been willing to wear it once." Praise the end of the poplar and the beginning echoed at a distance: "I want to praise the poplar loudly!" "
2, the pawn Zhang Xianzhi style. This way of ending is to express the theme clearly at the end of the article, relying on the content of the full text and using concise language, or to explain the writing intention clearly at the end of the full text, so this way of ending is also called "making the finishing point". For example, at the end of Jujube Kernel, it reads: "Changing the nation does not mean changing the national feelings. No nation is so attached to its homeland as we are." At the end of "Remember a Spinning Wheel", I wrote: "It is a pleasure to struggle with difficulties. -Remember a spinning wheel. "
3. Famous sayings and epigrams. Ending with famous aphorisms and poems is intended to extend the article and reveal the true meaning of some kind of life. It often appears at the end of essays, narratives and essays. In a few words, it expresses profound and thought-provoking philosophical or warning content, which is deeply imprinted in readers' hearts and has the effect of "endless words and endless meanings". At the end of "Pear Blossoms in the Post Road", it reads: "Pears in the Post Road are everywhere."
4. Lyric argument. Ending an article with lyrical comments can express the feelings of the author, arouse the emotional waves of readers and arouse their voices, which has a strong artistic appeal. This way of ending is mainly used in narrative, explanatory and argumentative writing. There are various forms of the ending of lyric discussion, so the ending is more free. A good lyric discussion ending will inevitably bring true feelings and give readers a sense of reality and sufficiency. For example, at the end of Flower Market, it says, "She stands among hundreds of flowers with a smile, like a flower, like a beautiful and elegant orchid." Another example is the two natural paragraphs at the end of Missing Mother, which are typical lyrical endings.
The composition should be done in one go, and the ending should be in the same strain as the previous text, which is indispensable. The end of a composition is the same as the beginning, although it is different, it also has its own rules to follow. The above ending methods are just some common ending methods, so don't copy them mechanically. The really good ending lies in the examinee's usual solid training, in the examinee's improvisation and in the examinee's "extra-poetic merit".
4. Primary school students' composition: narrative reading guidance should pay attention to reading narrative:
1. Pay attention to the analysis of people and things.
The ideological significance of the article is revealed through the description of people, events and scenes, which requires exploring the ideological connotation from the surface to the inside and from the images reflected in the text.
2. Clear the clues of reading materials.
Clues are the main thread running through the whole paper. When the clues are sorted out, the paragraphs and levels of the article will be easy to master. Generally, a narrative has only one clue and two clues: one theme at a time or one bright and one dark. Some take things as clues, some take whereabouts as clues, some take time as clues, and some take feelings as clues.
3. Grasp the narrative order.
Narration is the basic expression of narrative text. If we grasp the narrative order, we can better understand the organization and level of the article and grasp the structure and center of the full text. The order of narration is common. First, in chronological order, positive or negative, there are often interspersed and supplementary narratives. Second, press spatial order, or from near to far, or from far to near; Or from top to bottom, or from bottom to top; Or from the inside out, or from the outside in. Third, according to the order of things, according to the development process of an idea, or according to different relationships, or select several sides to describe them one by one. Although the order of all these narratives is endless, as long as they are analyzed according to the above categories, the order can be grasped.
4. Analyze various expression techniques.
In addition to narration, narrative also uses a variety of expressive techniques, such as description, discussion, explanation, lyricism and so on. Description also includes portrait description, action description, psychological description, scenery description, detail description and other techniques. In short, analyze the characteristics and functions of various expressions, and see how the author skillfully combines these expressions, melts them into one furnace, and uses them properly.
5. Analyze the use of language.
A good language must be accurate, vivid, vivid and vivid, with varied sentence patterns and various vocabulary modifications. Paying attention to analyzing the characteristics of language can not only deepen the understanding of the article, but also get the pleasure of appreciation, and also learn the language, which is conducive to writing a good article.
5. Primary school writing guidance: How to write a narrative composition at the beginning and end of the narrative, focusing on the narrative xiaoxue.chazidian, showing some meanings of events such as venues and competitions, and reflecting the author's attitude and views on these things.
Who to write about (the object of composition): it happened in the event venue, competition and other things.
What to write (composition purpose): reflect the author's attitude and views on these things.
How to write: explain the purpose of the composition through one thing or several things.
Writing: Narrating an event can also effectively describe the portraits, language, psychology, actions and details of the people in the event.
Note: in the process of writing, you must always be exposed to attitudes and opinions about these things.
First, make clear the time, place, person, reason, process and result of things, that is, the six elements. One thing can never be separated from these six elements. Only by writing this clearly can readers understand the ins and outs of the incident.
Second, we should choose the events around the composition center, and choose the events that can best express the idea of the composition center of dictionary primary school as the material. There are many interesting and exciting things in life. Narrative composition mainly narrates Xiaoxue Teahouse, showing some significance of events such as venues and competitions, and reflecting the author's attitude and views on these events.
Who to write about (the object of composition): it happened in the event venue, competition and other things.
What to write (composition purpose): reflect the author's attitude and views on these things.
How to write: explain the purpose of the composition through one thing or several things.
Writing: Narrating an event can also effectively describe the portraits, language, psychology, actions and details of the people in the event.
Note: in the process of writing, you must always be exposed to attitudes and opinions about these things.
First, make clear the time, place, person, reason, process and result of things, that is, the six elements. One thing can never be separated from these six elements. Only by writing this clearly can readers understand the ins and outs of the incident.
Second, we should choose the events around the composition center, and choose the events that can best express the idea of the composition center of dictionary primary school as the material. There are many new, interesting and exciting things in life. Therefore, we should observe more and think more about what happens in life on weekdays. The selection of materials should be novel, and the things that often appear in other people's compositions should be written less or not, so that the written composition will be attractive and fresh.
Third, the main part of the event should be specific. Everything has a process of cause, process and result. Only by writing this process clearly can we leave a complete and profound impression on readers. It is very important to effectively describe the portraits, language, psychology, movements and details of the people in the event, so that the written composition can be vivid. Focus on the center, be detailed and appropriate, and don't write anything irrelevant to the theme.