I. Introduction to Sun Chuanting
Sun Chuanting (1593~ 1643), a native of Daizhou, Wei Zhenwu (now Daixian, Shanxi), was a famous Ming Dynasty star.
Good-looking and resourceful. In the forty-seventh year of Wanli (16 19), the order of Yongcheng County was granted. Dissatisfied with Wei Zhongxian's dictatorship, he abandoned his official position and returned to his hometown. After Emperor Chongzhen acceded to the throne, he served as a doctor in the official department and moved to Tianfu Cheng. In the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636), he served as the governor of Shaanxi, formed and killed Gao Yingxiang, the king of Zhuang.
In the 11th year of Chongzhen (1638), with the cooperation of Hong Chengchou, Li Zicheng was defeated in Nanyuan, Tongguan, and Li Zicheng fled into Shangluo Mountain with only eighteen riders. Later, he disagreed with Yang Sichang, the minister of the Ministry of War, and was imprisoned by Emperor Chongzhen.
In the fifteenth year of Chongzhen (1642), he was re-used and took over as the Trilateral Governor of Wang Qiaonian and Shaanxi. Soon, the military affairs of seven provinces including Henan, Huguang, Sichuan and Jiangnan were added, and they were awarded the title of Shangshu by the Ministry of War. Emperor Chongzhen forced him to lead an army out of Tongguan to relieve Kaifeng.
In August of the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), he rushed out of the customs. October. Li Zicheng and the main force fought in Ruzhou, and the Ming army was defeated, killing more than 40,000 people. Sun Chuanting rate areas immediately returned to Tongguan. Li Zicheng chased 400 Li day and night, and lured Tongguan to open the city gate with Sun Chuanting Shuaiqi, and the city was broken. Sun Chuanting died on the spot, and even the body could not be found afterwards. However, Emperor Chongzhen thought that he had feigned death and absconded without giving a shadow. It was not until the forty-first year of Qing Qianlong (1776) that he was pursued for capital punishment. Tadashi? .
Second, the detailed course of Sun Chuanting's defeat.
In the 11th year of Chongzhen (1638), Sun Chuanting and Hong Chengchou laid an ambush in the south of Tongguan, and assembled a rebel army. Li Zicheng only rode out at a rate of 18.
At that time, the rebel army in Shaanxi was basically destroyed. If we work harder, at least the imperial court will not lose control of the current situation as it did later.
However, at this critical moment, the order of Emperor Chongzhen came down.
In August of the eleventh year of Chongzhen, Dourgen led the Qing army to break through the Great Wall from Miyun and enter the customs. Because of the emperor's blind command (sending eunuchs to supervise the army), Lu Xiangsheng, the governor of Xuanda, died, so that the capital was under martial law, and no one could fight the Qing army again. So the emperor urgently transferred elites from all over the country to Beijing.
Sun Chuanting and Hong Chengchou are both hiring. Emperor Chongzhen knew nothing about military affairs. Beijing is far from Xi 'an, at least the whole Shaanxi is a natural barrier. Sun Chuanting also knew his situation at that time. I'm afraid he can't escape if he ventures out of the customs and fights a field battle with the peasant army with stronger fighting capacity on the plain.
However, with the strength of the peasant army, Emperor Chongzhen couldn't stand all this, especially after Li Zicheng killed many Ming emperors and laid Xiangyang at the same time, he changed his name to Xiang Jing and became king here. This touched the sensitive string in Emperor Chongzhen's heart, so he desperately urged the last elite army of the Ming Dynasty, namely the northwest elite led by Sun Chuanting, to destroy the peasant army.
Sun Chuanting was finally forced to fight in Tongguan with 654.38 million troops. Although Sun Chuanting's army still has some fighting capacity, it is still a lot worse than the peasant army. At the end of the dynasty, the logistics support was also very weak, which led to Sun Chuanting's army fighting against the peasant army on an empty stomach, and was finally defeated by the peasant army in Li Zicheng, while Sun Chuanting was completely annihilated and died in the disorderly army.