First, the country name is determined by the place name. For example, in the Xia Dynasty, it was said that Yu was once sealed off, so he called his regime "Xia". The place name "Xia" is in today's Yangzhai area of Henan Province. According to the historian, Xia, the son of Yu, was called "Xia" only after he moved westward (Fenyue area in the south of Shanxi). In Shang Dynasty, it is said that Qi, the ancestor of Shang Dynasty (now south of Shangqiu, Henan Province), helped Yu to control water, and was sealed by Shang Dynasty, and later called his tribe (or tribe) by "Shang". When the soup goes out, it is in the name of "Shang". After Pan Geng moved to Yin (now northwest of Anyang, Henan Province), it was also called Yin or Yin Shang. In the Zhou Dynasty, the Zhou tribe went to the father of ancient Qi Huangong and moved to Qishan (now Shaanxi). After the Yin Dynasty was destroyed, Zhou was taken as the name of the dynasty. During the Qin Dynasty, the ancestors of the Qin people sealed a city for Qin (now around Shuilongxi), which was later named as the national title. After Ying Zheng unified the six countries, it still used its old name. Shu and Liu Bei took Sichuan as their activity area, and Shu refers to Sichuan, so their political power was called "Shu". Wu and Sun Quan live in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Historically, the State of Wu was founded, and Cao Wei named Sun Quan King of Wu. Because of its geographical location, it was called "Sun Wu" in history and "Dongwu" in the east. In the Northern Song Dynasty, after Emperor Gong of the Later Zhou Dynasty succeeded to the throne, he was appointed as my ambassador to Germany. The German army was stationed in Songzhou (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) and was appointed as my ambassador to Songzhou. After the "Chen Qiao mutiny", due to the prosperity of Songzhou, the country was named "Song". Hou Liang, the capital of which is Kaifeng, was called Emperor Liang in ancient times. Xixia, Tuoba Sigong occupied Zhou Xia (now Hengshan County, Shaanxi Province), which was named "Daxia" after Zhou Xia when the People's Republic was founded. Because in the west, the Song people called it "Xixia".

Second, determine the country number according to a special product of origin. For example, in the Liao Dynasty, the Khitan meaning of "Liao" means wrought iron (refined iron), and it is called the country name because of the development of Yelubao machine. The same is true of rulers. In the history of the Jin Dynasty, in the Taizu period, Liao took iron as its name and took iron as its strength. Although iron is strong, it will eventually deteriorate, and gold will remain unchanged, so the country is called Daikin.

Third, the name of the founder is the country name. For example, the founder of Chen Chao is Chen Baxian, and his surname is the country name.

Fourth, the title of the country is determined by the title of the title. This title comes from the title of the founder, which is often consistent with a place name. For example, in the Western Han Dynasty, Xiang Yu named Liu Bang Hanwang. Later, Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu and unified China. The country is called "Han" and the history is called the Western Han Dynasty. Cao Wei, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty once named Cao Cao "Duke Wei" and "Wang Wei", and Cao Pi called him "Wei" after replacing Han Dynasty. Because the royal family is surnamed Cao, it is also called "Cao Wei" in history. During the Jin Dynasty, Si Mazhao forced the Wei Emperor to make him a Duke of Jin. After the destruction of Shu, he became the King of Jin. Later, his son Sima Yan inherited his title, forcing Wei Emperor to abdicate and become emperor himself. This country was called "Jin". In the Sui Dynasty, Yang Zhong, the father of Emperor Wen of Sui, the Emperor of the Sui Dynasty, was once named "the successor to the country" by the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Emperor Wendi later adopted this title, which was called "chasing the DPRK". He thought that "Sui" meant going, which was an ominous sign, and changed it to "Sui". In the Tang Dynasty, Li Hu, the grandfather of Tang Gaozu tang gaozu, was named "Tang Gong" together with Zhou Yougong, and the title was passed on to tang gaozu. After the uprising in Taiyuan, Li Yuan claimed to be the "King of the Tang Dynasty", and later abandoned You Yang to build the Tang Dynasty.

Fifth, according to phonology, homonym is used as the country name. For example, in the Qing dynasty, the predecessor of the Qing dynasty was the post-Jin dynasty established by the Jurchen nationality. 1626, Huang taiji proclaimed himself emperor, which means he entered the Central Plains. Because Jin and Han were feuds and were afraid of causing opposition from Han people, 1636, the title of the country was changed to Qing, which was almost the same as Jin Yin.

Sixth, determine the country name through some popular slogans in society. For example, Zhu Yuanzhang in Ming Dynasty was one of the insurgents at the end of Yuan Dynasty, which was developed by inheriting Guo Zixing, and Guo Zixing belonged to the An Baili organization. Anbalism declared that "darkness is about to pass, and light is coming", so as to inspire people to oppose the rule of the dark Yuan Dynasty, so it is also called "light religion". Han called him "Wang Ming" (his son called him "Wang Xiaoming"), which reflected his purpose. Zhu Yuanzhang not only once believed in religion, but also admitted that he was a member of the rebel army (once deputy marshal Zuo). After Zhu Yuanzhang came to power, the title of the country was "Ming".

Seven, according to the divination or literal meaning to determine the country name. For example, the title of Nanqi comes from the prediction that "the golden knife is sharp and extremely sharp". The appellation of the Yuan Dynasty comes from the literal meaning, which means "Gan Yuan is great" in the Book of Changes. "Yuan" means "big" and "first", so Mongolia changed its name to Yuan.

The specific country names in the history of China and their sources;

1/ Summer:

It is said that Yu was divined because he called his regime "Xia". According to the records of historians, the son of Yu was called "Xia" only after he moved westward to Daxia (Fenyue area in the south of Shanxi).

2/ Quotient:

According to legend, Qi, the ancestor of Shang (now south of Shangqiu, Henan), helped Yu to control water, and was divined by Shang, who later called him a tribe (or tribe). When the soup goes out, it is in the name of "Shang". After Pan Geng moved to Yin (now northwest of Anyang, Henan Province), it was also called Yin or Yin Shang.

3/ week:

When the Zhou tribe arrived at Qi's father, they moved to Joo Won? (now Qishan, Shaanxi). After the Yin Dynasty was destroyed, Zhou was taken as the name of the dynasty. At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, its capital was established in Gao (now southwest of Shaanxi), and then it was moved from Pingdong to Luoyi (now Luoyang, Henan). Because it is in the east of Gaozhi, it is called "Western Zhou" and "Eastern Zhou".

4/ Qin:

According to historical records, this is an ancient tribe, whose leader is Zhou's horse-raising friend, who was named "Won" by Zhou, and was given a small piece of land (now Tianshui County, Gansu Province, nicknamed Longxiyu). Later, Xiang saved Zhou Yougong and was made a vassal. Qin Shihuang unified the six countries and established the State of Qin.

5/ Korea:

Xiang Yu named Liu Bang Hanwang. Later, Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu and unified China, which was called "Han". Chang 'an was the capital of the early Han Dynasty, and Luoyang was the capital of the later Han Dynasty. Therefore, there are "Western Han Dynasty" and "Eastern Han Dynasty" in the capital, and "pre-Han Dynasty" and "post-Han Dynasty" in time.

6/ Wei:

Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty once conferred titles on Cao Cao as "Duke Wei" and "Wang Wei", and Cao Pi was called "Wei" after the Han Dynasty. Cao was given a title by the royal family and was also called "Cao Wei" in history.

7/ Shu:

Liu Bei took Sichuan as his activity area, and Shu refers to Sichuan, which his regime helped to call "Shu". Also known as "Shu Han" in history. Chinese refers to the continuation of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

8/ Wu:

Sun Quan lives in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In history, when Wu was founded, Cao Wei named Sun Quan as "King of Wu", so it was called "Sun Wu" in history. Because it is located in the East, it is also called "Soochow".

9/ kg:

After Shu was destroyed, Wei Emperor was forced to call him "Duke Jin" and named him King Jin. Later, his son Siyan inherited his title, forcing Wei Emperor to abdicate and stand on his own feet as emperor, with the title of "Jin".

10/ ear:

Yang Zhong, the father of Yang Jian, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, was once named "the successor to the country" by the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Later, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty also adopted this kind of divinatory image, which was called "following the DPRK". He thinks that the meaning of "go with you" may be changed to "follow", which is ominous.

1 1/ Tang:

Li Hu, the grandfather of Tang Gaozu Tang Gaozu, was called "Duke Tang", and his title was passed on to Tang Gaozu. After the uprising in Taiyuan, Li Yuan claimed to be the "King of the Tang Dynasty", and later abandoned You Yang to build the Tang Dynasty.

12/ Liao:

Liao was originally named "Qidan", but it was changed to "Liao" because it lived in the upper reaches of Liaohe River.

13/ Song:

After Emperor Gong of the Later Zhou Dynasty succeeded to the throne, he was appointed as our ambassador to Germany, and was transferred back to Songzhou (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) by the Germans. Zhao Kuangyin was appointed as our ambassador to Songzhou. Therefore, after the mutiny, Chen Qiao made his fortune in Songzhou and was named "Song".

14/ Xixia:

Tuoba Sigong occupied Zhou Xia (now Hengshan County, Shaanxi Province) and was named after Zhou Xia when the People's Republic of China was founded, which was called "Daxia". Because in the west, the Song people called it "Xixia".

15/ gold:

Jinducheng is located in Ning, Jing Hui (now south of Acheng, Heilongjiang Province). According to legend, its aquatic products are gold, and the word "gold" means "tiger".

16/ yuan:

According to the history of the Yuan Dynasty, the naming of Yuan was decided by Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu. It is the "Yuan" in the sentence "Great Gan Yuan" in the Book of Changes, which means great and first. However, some people think it is related to Mongolian customs and totems, while others think it is related to Buddhism.

17/ Ming:

Zhu Yuanzhang was one of the insurgents at the end of Yuan Dynasty, which was developed on the basis of inheriting Guo Zixing, and Guo Zixing belonged to An Baili School. The White Lotus Sect declared that "darkness is about to pass, and light is coming" to inspire people to oppose the rule of the dark Yuan Dynasty. Therefore, it is also called the Illuminati. Han called him "Wang Ming" (his son called him "Wang Xiaoming"), which reflected his purpose. Zhu Yuanzhang not only once believed in religion, but also admitted that he was a member of the rebel army (once deputy marshal Zuo). After Zhu Yuanzhang came to power, the title of the country was "Ming".

18/ Qing:

Manchu is a branch of Jurchen nationality. The Jurchen nationality established the Jin State in the Northern Song Dynasty. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Jurchen forces regained their strength and rebuilt the State of Jin (the later Jin Dynasty). In order to expand outward, the late Jin Dynasty severed its vassal relationship with the Ming Dynasty. Emperor Taizong of Qing Dynasty changed "Nuzhen" to "Manchuria" and "Jin" to "Qing". In the Song Dynasty, Jurchen was controlled by the Khitans. His generation pointed out that the word "Liao" means "iron" in the Khitan language, so it was named "Jin", which means it is stronger than iron and can overwhelm "Liao". There are different opinions on the reasons why "Jin" changed to "Qing". Some people think that Huang Taiji wants to avoid causing sharp contradictions.

The first thing the founder of each dynasty should do is to establish the country name (dynasty name). The title of a country is the title of a country. If the name is improper, the name of the country will be justified, representing the birth of a new country. At the same time, there is also a saying: "Historical Records of the Five Emperors" says: "From the Yellow Emperor to Yu Shun, they all share the same foreign surname and take Zhang Mingde as their name." So we usually use the name of a certain period as the name of the dynasty.