First, the meaning of green construction (a) the meaning of green construction. Green construction refers to the construction that saves land, water, energy and protects the environment as much as possible in the whole construction process, which is an important process in green construction. It contains two meanings: on the one hand, it refers to green construction technology and its management; On the other hand, it means saving resources and protecting the environment to the maximum extent in the whole green construction process [6]. These two aspects are interdependent and complementary. Through scientific and technological innovation and management, the green construction process is completed, and the safety, applicability, economy and aesthetics of green construction are realized. As the technical guarantee of green construction management, green construction technology is not independent of traditional construction, but as a technical support. Through the overall green transformation of traditional buildings, the whole process of construction management is carried out, the concept of green environmental protection and sustainable development is integrated, and the traditional technical management of heavy pollution and high consumption is abandoned [7]. (2) The difference between green building and traditional building. In order to better implement green construction, we must first understand the essential difference between green construction and traditional construction. 1. Different operation stages. The concept of "saving" required by traditional buildings is different from the concept of "four festivals" required by green buildings [8]. Green construction is different from traditional civilized construction, which requires us to be more strict. It is not only the construction stage defined by traditional civilized construction, but also provides healthy, applicable and efficient buildings in the whole life cycle of planning, design, construction, operation, maintenance and energy-saving transformation of buildings and their energy systems [9]. 2. The control elements are different. The control factors under traditional construction are limited to cost, construction period, quality and safety. In addition to the control factors of traditional buildings, the green buildings displayed by green buildings take "resource saving and reuse and environmental protection" as the main control factors, emphasizing the sustainable development strategy [10]. 3. Different business purposes. Traditional construction enterprises will take profit as the main purpose of construction, and there is no lack of catering to promote economic interests. For the sustainable development of resources and environment, green construction requires some innovations and reforms in construction technology, which provides a guarantee for the management of green construction technology [1 1]. 4. The participants are different. Green construction pays attention to the sense of use and comfort after saving energy to the maximum extent, and the opinions of owners and designers are particularly important. Green construction technology experts will actively listen to and adopt their opinions, not just the technical management of traditional construction technology [12]. 5. The review process is different. As an important process to evaluate whether a project is a green building, green construction has strict evaluation criteria. First, the relevant technical personnel of the enterprise will conduct self-examination to evaluate whether the construction project meets the standards of green construction, and then organize professional green construction reviewers to make a detailed evaluation of building materials, processes and equipment. In contrast, the technical management of traditional construction does not need such a complicated and strict audit process [13]. (III) Significance of Green Construction Technology Management Construction technology is an important indicator to determine the project quality of the construction unit and also the core competitiveness of the enterprise [14]. Architecture is not only a resting harbor, but also a reassuring home [15]. Green building aims to provide a comfortable and environmentally friendly environment, in which the indispensable green construction technology provides a new production mode and systematic professional management ability for the building, improves the long-term core competitiveness of the enterprise, and creates higher economic benefits and social influence. Second, the status quo of green construction technology management (I) the implementation status of green construction technology management. At present, China's green construction technology management is in the development stage [16]. Green construction technology is not a new independent technology, but on the basis of traditional construction technology, the traditional construction technology is improved with the vision of "sustainable development", so as to achieve the ultimate goal of green construction [17]. The evaluation standard of green building in 2006 is the first comprehensive evaluation standard with multi-level objectives in China. In the following ten years, 14 was issued, and the evaluation standard of green construction was established. See table 1. With the public's increasing concern about the sustainable development strategy, green building technology is also understood by more people. As an important process means in the process of green construction, in the actual promotion process, the implementation effect of green construction is not as good as expected, and there are some phenomena, such as the scope is not wide, the depth is not enough, the slogan is not standardized and systematic, and the slogan is loudly shouted but actually done less. In fact, green construction technology is not as complicated and difficult as imagined. At present, there are many management methods of green construction technology: reducing and reducing construction noise in the construction process; Implement closed construction or reduce dust flying; Reduce the transportation distance of concrete; Environmental protection construction technology ... even saves water and reduces garbage discharge [18]. The construction unit and the construction unit carry out green construction on the premise of ensuring the project quality, which not only enhances the corporate image, but also meets the public's requirements for green construction technology management. The specific management status of green construction technology is as follows: 1. Building material saving technology. Bim technology is used to simulate the construction process of building materials in high-rise projects, simulate the standard consumption and storage of building materials, and use the unique properties of materials for secondary recycling to achieve the purpose of saving building materials [19]. In the building installation and decoration engineering, through the implementation of new technologies such as broken recycling of construction waste, concrete pouring in closed basement and energy saving in decoration engineering, the economic benefits of enterprises are improved, building materials are saved, and the development of green construction technology is promoted [20]. 2. Soil protection technology. On the premise of ensuring the construction quality, the second phase project of Shanghai World Expo Green Valley covers the project with bare soil in combination with the actual situation, and uses technologies such as crushing and recycling of construction waste to reduce the construction and installation cost by about 6%[2 1]. Through the green construction technology of land comprehensive improvement, the environmental problems caused by a large number of wastes are optimized, which provides a new theoretical basis for the care of land resources [22]. After earth and stone excavation, solid emissions such as waste rock and wood are filtered by garbage molding, bricklaying and other technologies and then backfilled in the foundation pit to achieve the purpose of soil protection and resource recycling [23]. 3. Techniques to reduce sound pollution. At present, there is no specific management method for sound pollution, and only sound absorption device technology can be used to control the sound pollution near high-noise highway bridges, so that the noise index can be reduced to the qualified range [24]. Real-time monitoring and control of noise during construction are adopted to avoid construction exceeding decibel at night, and polymer materials or sound-absorbing materials are adopted to stay away from houses and crowds and not work at night, so as to effectively control noise [25]. 4. Technologies to reduce light pollution and dust pollution. Light pollution can be effectively controlled by changing the propagation path of light, using welding shielding technology to avoid arc leakage during high-altitude welding, and installing a lampshade near the light source. During construction at night, the centralized light source is within the construction scope of the construction site. In the construction process of garbage removal and formwork removal, the technology of covering within the scope or sprinkling water regularly is adopted to reduce floating particles in the atmosphere and reduce dust pollution [9]. 5. Control water-saving technology. The combined weighting method is used to save and control the water consumption in a specific environment, and the technical management of rainwater recovery and reclaimed water reuse is implemented to save water resources efficiently [27]. In the EPC general contracting construction process, the advanced water-saving system technology of middle water circulation is adopted to carry out concrete maintenance and greening and watering maintenance on both sides of the road. And for different subcontractors, take the construction water and domestic water unit index supply management [28]. 6. Energy-saving recycling technology. In the construction of Heda Expressway, through systematic management such as construction energy consumption statistics, safety monitoring and information supervision, the energy consumption is systematically supervised and optimized in all directions, and the investment in temporary power supply facilities is reduced and the project cost is reduced according to the characteristics of multiple project points and long lines [29]. The green center project in Beijing will replace air conditioners with electric boilers and dysprosium with LED lamps, which will reduce power consumption, improve utilization rate and avoid energy waste [30]. (2) Cause analysis. There are many reasons why the green construction management technology is not perfect, mainly for the following two reasons: 1. Cognitive bias. On the one hand, many enterprises think that green construction technology is a new technology, and that its new technology will not only increase the project construction cost, but also lead to more budget if there is no large-scale technology. On the other hand, people's understanding of green construction technology management is not uniform. In the actual construction process, the relationship between green construction and civilized construction is confused, and it is considered that green construction only pays attention to safety and civilized construction [3 1]. In addition, people have a strong sense of dependence on the government, thinking that green construction needs government propaganda and organization, which is far from them, and the management of green construction technology has become "more talk but less action". Although China residents now think that solving the environmental pollution problem is imminent, their actual bearing capacity is low, so they can't do a good job of self-discipline. In addition, the lack of publicity and education on the legal management of green construction technology has also led the public to get used to the construction noise and flying dust, which can not play a good supervisory role [32]. 2. Interest reasons. The application of green construction technology will undoubtedly increase the construction cost, such as the integration of pile and wall in basement, intelligent noise reduction technology, modern isolation and protection technology, and construction demolition based on sustainable development [33]. Building projects are all traditional construction methods that bring high profits to enterprises at the lowest cost within the specified time on the premise of ensuring quality. The cost of green construction technology management is the extra cost of traditional construction, so most contractors do not consider and will not take the initiative to implement this kind of green construction with the concept of "four festivals and one environmental protection". The management of green construction technology attaches importance to economic effects, such as reducing the material cost of the project through the secondary utilization or even reuse of building materials; Reduce site damage during earthwork excavation and construction transportation, and reduce site cleaning costs; Segmented cantilever scaffolding is used to dismantle scaffolding in segments, which shortens the use time, shortens the construction period and reduces the cost [34]. Implementing green construction on the basis of economic benefits leads the contractor to take benefits as the primary goal of construction. General contractors will avoid some green construction that will reduce benefits and choose construction technology with relatively high economic benefits. Third, promote the management of green construction technology. It is suggested that the key factor for the smooth implementation of green construction is the management of green construction technology, and the technical management of green construction is also inseparable from the actual situation. Therefore, combined with the actual construction situation, the green construction technology management of building engineering is the basis of green construction. (1) Establish a complete information base. Nowadays, with the popularity of green construction awareness in China, enterprises are increasingly implementing the concept of green construction. Advanced enterprises in the industry have accumulated green construction experience, and the implementation of related processes is rich and systematic. Other enterprises wishing to introduce green buildings will find it difficult to develop this field. It is particularly important to establish a perfect information reserve system. The system information base can summarize the management information of green construction technology, release the construction experience and lessons of leading enterprises in the industry in real time, and let enterprises with late start and little experience take shortcuts. (2) Organize green construction appraisal activities. Good green construction technology appraisal activities can not only promote the standardization of the construction industry, but also promote the green construction technology management of enterprises, show their own advantages and recognize their own shortcomings, so as to make the timely management of green construction in the whole construction industry more standardized and large-scale. Actively organizing and participating in the appraisal activities of green construction technology can not only improve people's awareness of low carbon, energy saving and environmental protection, but also promote the improvement of green construction technology management and implement the concept of sustainable development. (3) Improve the online platform. Today is the era of Internet informationization. Advanced enterprises upload green construction management with obvious economic effects and perfect construction procedures to the platform for other enterprises to share. Enterprises can also put forward questions about green construction on the platform, and enterprises with such green construction experience can answer them, establish an open learning and training platform, and learn from each other, so as to enhance the relevant green construction capabilities and achieve the purpose of promoting green construction technology management. (four) the preparation of green construction technical specifications. The implementation of green construction is inseparable from the management of green construction technology. Therefore, the standardized management of green construction technology is the theoretical basis to ensure the smooth development of green construction. The Management Regulations of Technical Specifications for Green Construction can not only answer the doubts and problems in green construction, but also play a good role in standardized management, laying a foundation for the rapid promotion of green construction in the construction industry, and is an indispensable standard in green construction. (V) Research on innovation of green construction technology management. Green construction technology is still in the process of continuous improvement, and many innovative research and applications related to green construction technology should be carried out step by step, and green construction technology management should be implemented. To realize the sustainable and healthy development of green buildings, we must actively develop green construction technology, summarize new technologies and methods through innovative practice, make efficient use of energy and materials, abandon outdated and backward construction technology, and practice the concept of "sustainable development". The core of green construction lies in green construction technology, and the practical application of green construction technology in building engineering in the new period cannot be separated from the management of green construction technology. Therefore, to implement the concept of "four sections and one environmental protection", we must first achieve the technical management of green construction. It is necessary for the government, enterprises and owners to join hands and all sectors of society to participate extensively, establish perfect technical standards and evaluation grades for green construction, research and innovate green construction technologies, and realize the long-term goal of sustainable development of a green ecological society.
I believe that after the above introduction, everyone has a certain understanding of the current situation and promotion suggestions of green building construction technology management. Welcome to Zhong Da for more information.
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