Zhong Wei Zi Jie, Pingyang people also. Less generosity, more ambition. Studious and eager to learn, the nature is true. Cultivate one's morality behind closed doors, give nothing to the world, be good or bad, give one's inheritance in person, and have nothing. When I was twelve years old, I lost my father and was sad for destruction and fatigue. Then I got up with a cane. Sikong Pei Xiu hung it up, kneeling on the ground, complaining, mourning and moving. Show off and tell people, "This child will be a good tool when he grows up." Go home and order your son to do something. Stay in the grave with your clothes. It was created after admiration, but I didn't see it. If the family is poor, quinoa is not enough, people will be worried if they can't bear it, and loyalty will not change their fun. He is a servant, and a few words are universal to Zhang Hua, and the Chinese monarch can't afford to quit. When people asked him why, they said, "I am a scholar and have no official feelings." What's more, Mao is the first person who is flashy and insatiable. He abandoned gifts and attached himself to thieves. If so, it is inappropriate for a gentleman to do evil! "Pei has always trusted me, always afraid that Hong Tao is wandering, and the aftermath is drifting away. I got a glimpse of what it was like! " Chen Chu, the satrap, was forced to become a hero. Huishan broke the county, Chu fled with his son, and the thief shot it, hitting it three times. Loyalty and righteousness take advantage, and surrender Chu. Defending it with his own body, he cried and said, "Zhong Wei is willing to replace the monarch with his own body. Please mourn it." And got five arrows. Thieves say to each other, "Even the righteous!" Give it up. Loyalty is negative. Later, Liu Cong, an official, was a general in Zhenxi, a captain in Pingqiang, and died unyielding.
Xin Mian, whose name is Boli, is also a Taoist in Longxi. Father Hong, General. Inspired by erudition, I am chaste and practical. Huaidi Shi, tired to serve. And Luoyang, with the emperor to Pingyang. Liu Cong will be appointed as Dr. Guanglu, but will not accept his resignation. Assistant Minister Cong Pai Huangmen forced him to do so with medicine and wine. He said: "A gentleman can't lose his virtue by living for a few years. I went to see Emperor Wu! "As soon as the medicine is taken, you will get drunk, and stop saying," The master tries his ears, and the gentleman is really noble! " Go away with a sigh. Jia Cong's chastity, deep respect for differences, built a room in Pingyang Xishan, and the moonlight brought wine and rice, but I didn't accept it. At the age of eighty, he died.
Brother Bin of Mian nationality was when Shang became emperor. And the emperor was dusty in Pingyang. Liu Cong made the emperor drink and wash the nobles, and looked at the courtiers. Bin got up and hugged the emperor and cried. Cong said, "I killed the people before, which is not enough to ward off evil!" Draw it out and hurt people.
Liu Minyuan, whose name is Daoguang, is also from Beihai. Study hard and never change your mind because of taking risks. I am good at astrology, yin and yang, and I am both easy and mysterious, but it is not easy to read history. I often say that comrades say that "reading is the foundation of taste, and it is nothing to waste work on floating words!" The Book of Changes is the source of righteousness, and the book of Tai Xuan is the door of reason. It is my teacher who can understand this. "Yongjia chaos, since qi Xi rush. Guanping in the same county was over seventy years old every year, and he traveled westward with Minyuan and Xingyang, and was robbed by thieves. Min Yuan has been exempted, but he is still called a thief. He said, "This gentleman is lonely and old. He hasn't lived for a few years. Min-won, please replace himself. I hope you give him up. The thief said, "Who is this gentleman?" "Min yuan said," I come from the same city. Being poor and childless, I live on RMB. "If you want to serve, you are too old to use. If you want to eat, you are not as good as Min Yuan, begging you to mourn." A thief glared at Minyuan and said, "I won't let you go, and I won't worry about you!" " Min Yuan raised his sword and said, "I don't want evil! When I kill you and die. This man is poor and old, and the gods should still mourn him. Relatives are not flesh and blood, not teachers and friends, but begging for generations because of love. " The doctors are very friendly. They all listen to me. Why are you ashamed to talk like that? Gu said to the thieves, "I'd rather lose all the gentlemen than be kind!" "When you are fooled into being a high emperor and a martial artist, you lose something as a thing of the past! When you take it from the Tao, you can make proverbs praise Wade, why not, and let this person spoil the beauty! " For the benefit of all kings, we should get rid of this man, so as to become their overlord. "The former will be cut. The thief stopped suddenly and said, "An honest man! It is a crime to hurt others. "Is to avoid it. Liu Yao, the late official, assistant minister of Zhongshu, and a long history of Taiwei. -"The Book of Jin Volume 89"
Liu Cong and Liu Yao were former Zhao monarchs, while Xiongnu, Liu Minyuan were Jin people. Jin people worked for the Huns. According to the current concept, these people were traitors in the Jin State. However, it is classified as a loyal minister in the Book of Jin. Why?
In addition, Xin Mian, Xin Bin and Yu Min mentioned in this biography were unwilling to work for Liu Cong, Xin Bin and Yu Min, so they were killed and regarded as loyal subjects.
It seems to be two completely different outlook on life and values. Why are all loyal ministers in the Book of Jin?
There is no doubt that Gu, a great thinker in the late Ming Dynasty, must have read the Book of Jin. People who can remain immortal will never live up to their reputation, especially Gu. For such a problem, Gu's view is:
There is national subjugation; There is death in the world. Debate between national subjugation and national subjugation? Yue, changing his surname to the name of national subjugation; Benevolence, but as for attracting animals to eat people, people will kill each other, which is called the death of the world. Why did the talk of Wei Jin people ruin the world? It is the so-called words of Yang and Mo in Mencius. As for those who leave the world without a father and a king, they are also animals. Kang, his father, was killed by King Wen of Jin until the revolution of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, and he was recommended to be an official. When Shao Shiping lived in a private house, he couldn't quit if he wanted to. Tao said, I have missed you for a long time. There is news at four o'clock in heaven and earth. Where is he? ! I read it for a while and thought it was a famous saying. I don't know if it hurts my sense of honor, but as for those who don't have a father to lead the world! Fu Shao is in Jin, not his monarch; He hasn't had a father for a long time. He forgot his father and didn't do anything for him. And the death of swinging yin is enough to atone? ! And at the beginning of his career, I didn't know that I would be defeated, but he could build his name of loyalty at night to cover it up.
From the beginning, but the meaning is unknown, partial to the world. For example, Dan Tao is the leader of heresy, making Ji Shao a saint and making a mistake in the world, regardless of the theory that the husband is evil or right. If you say Shao Zhongcheng, you will say disloyalty. Why blame his courtiers in Liu Cong and Schleswig, and blame him for observing his past, mainly focusing on drinking in blue instead of moving his heart? Protecting the world and then protecting its country is an ancient knowledge. The protector of the country, his princes and ministers, and the meat eaters ask for it. People who protect the world are cheap and they have no responsibility. -Gu Rizhilu Volume XIII
Zhong Wei was promoted to assistant governor. And it was forced to be an official, not voluntary. When the satrap Chen Chu was in trouble, Zhong Wei was an upright man. Therefore, Liu Cong, a post-official, has no moral loss. Liu Minyuan is dressed in white, and the state of Jin rises and falls without much responsibility. Therefore, Gu Yue said, "He who protects the country, his monarch, and the carnivores seek it." Xin Mian is history, Xin Bin is still behavior, and they are all senior officials of the country. When the national disaster comes, it bears the brunt, and we can't shirk our responsibility.
However, Jin celebrities also had some shameless guys. For example, Wang Yan, one of the three fairs, was defeated and captured. In fact, he told the later Zhao Xerox that he had nothing to do with the rise and fall of the State of Jin, and he also suggested that Xerox should be emperor. Even Schleswig thinks he is too shameless, but because of his great reputation, Schleswig doesn't want to kill a virtuous man. I had to send someone to tear down the wall and bury it alive. -"Book of Jin, Volume 43"
Wang Yan was not the only shameless celebrity in the Jin Dynasty. Suochan is a famous family in Dunhuang. His father, Suo Jing, was a famous calligrapher in Jin Dynasty. He wrote "cursive script". In principle, such a family should serve the country. But when Liu Yao surrounded Chang 'an, the city was hungry and cold, and the people ate each other. Chen Di wanted to surrender, but Suochan didn't want to. Moreover, he lied that the food in the city could be eaten for another year, and sent his son to talk with Liu Yao about the conditions and let Liu Yao make him a high official and generous, so he surrendered to the city. Liu Cong, the former emperor of Zhao, couldn't stand such a man who wanted honor. After the emperor surrendered, he killed Suochan. The Book of Jin said that it was a massacre in the East City. Or killed downtown. In ancient times, to kill ministers, in order to safeguard the dignity of ministers, they should be killed in the DPRK. Killing people downtown is just to expose the body.
The Oriental Star sank the year before last, killing more than 400 people. Someone on the internet excused the captain, saying that the captain didn't want this either. It was an accident and the captain was not responsible. What a shame. Similarly, recently, a group of netizens who don't have any political power are grovelling in reality and can't even resist a random charge. It is really not blind ignorance to boycott the United States, Japan and South Korea at every turn and run to the door of the business to pull flags and shout slogans.
Gu's argument between national subjugation and national subjugation is worth pondering. If you die, you just change your name. Like in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Zhu was replaced by Essien Choro. For ordinary people, anyone who becomes an emperor has to pay food and pay taxes. Of course, shaving your head and changing clothes is forcing people to accept Manchu customs, which is absolutely unacceptable. At that time, it also aroused strong resistance from the people. The Manchu killed tens of millions of Han talents and was promoted successfully. But do ordinary people love the Ming Dynasty? Not necessarily. I'm afraid love is just my own living habit.
Yes, clothing, lifestyle and diet are also the culture of this country. The country can die, culture can't die, and ideology can't die. Patriotism in a narrow sense means loving one's own country's culture. Mr. Cheng Shude once said: "The destiny of a country is a cultural person, and the inclination of the people is the foundation of a thinker and educator. Anyone who loves his country doesn't love his culture. The concept and process of education are based on the right foundation. " If the people of a country deny their own culture and recognize the ideology of the invaders, it will be completely finished. This is what Gu is worried about. The country rises and falls, and meat eaters seek it. Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world.
People in China often say that loyalty and filial piety can't be satisfactory. But in the concept of orthodox Confucian intellectuals, filial piety is higher than loyalty. If you can't figure this out, think of Wu Zixu who killed the monarch. Ji Shao's father Ji Kang was killed by King Si Mazhao. Dan Tao persuaded Ji Kang to become an official to serve the enemy's son Sima Yan. The reason is "there is still news at four o'clock in heaven and earth. Where is the person?" ! "It's a beast to defeat righteousness and hurt teaching. If you think this is a little extreme, think about it from another angle. Recently, a "mother-humiliating murder case" occurred in Shandong. Huan insulted his mother by going to work in the company?
Not only that, but Gu is not interested. People in the Jin Dynasty didn't like him, and Sun Chuo criticized him. Dan Tao is an official, not an official. He is hidden. Do you want to be an official or live in seclusion? When Yan Yanzhi wrote Fu of Five Gentlemen in the Southern Dynasties, he simply excluded Dan Tao and Wang Rong from the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest". Maybe I hate these two snobbish celebrities from the bottom of my heart.
Ji Shao later died in the battle of vagrancy. In order to protect Si Mazhao's mentally retarded grandson, he was shot as a hedgehog, and his blood spilled on Jin Huidi's royal suit, which was very tragic. In The Legend of Loyalty and Righteousness, he is the leader. Gu's "Rizhilu" mentioned and have a similar fate. In the battle between Wei, Wu and Dongguan, Si Mazhao made a mistake and was defeated by Wu Jun. Wang Pou's father, Wang Yi, thinks this is Si Mazhao's responsibility. As a result, he angered Si Mazhao and was killed. Therefore, Wang Pou refused to join the Jin Dynasty for life. Therefore, Gu said that if you think you are a loyal minister, you are a traitor. Isn't that contradictory?
Fang and others also tried to bridge this contradiction when writing the Book of Jin. The original biography of loyalty and righteousness:
Mitchell said, "When I was scattered in the middle, I was punished with flesh and blood, and Wang Yi was punished with shouting that death was not my crime." . Weiyuan humiliated the minister into the imperial room, and Yan Zugan went to danger. Although the reasons are the same, the ways of interests are different. However, it is said that in the contemporary world, the bamboo thread hangs down, and your father is the first of the three, and loyalty and filial piety come first! Independence leads to filial piety, while salt and things are used together to exhaust loyalty. It can be said that Lan and Gui are heterogeneous, and Shao and Wu are both beautiful women. Or those who talk about Shao are mocking with death and unconvinced. Honey, God, God is hateful! Since you enjoy its glory, you can resist its disaster in danger, and there is no basis for advancing and retreating, how can you stand! Jisheng's fallen body is full of knots, which is also in this way.
Zhong San is Ji Kang, because he used to be Zhong San's doctor, so later generations called him Ji Zhongsan. Wang Pou word Weiyuan, Ji Shao word Yanzu. Fang thinks that the monarch is heaven, can the father compare with heaven? So even if the monarch killed his father, he should be loyal to the monarch. This is what happened in Ji Shao.
Alas! This is only for the monarch Li Shimin.