After Zhuge Liang completed his expedition to the south, he thought he had made enough preparations. In his opinion, at that time? The south has been decided. Is there enough armor? . Therefore, in 227 AD, he was stationed in Hanzhong, determined to dispatch troops's Northern Expedition.
Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition adopted the strategy of introducing the East into the West. He released the news, planned to praise the valley and take Yan County from the crooked valley, and sent Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi as suspected soldiers to head for Baimi Valley, while he personally led the main force out of Qishan, trying to seize Longyou and attack Chang 'an. The greatest gain of the Northern Expedition was that the soldiers and civilians in Hanyang, Nan 'an and Anding counties opposed Wei's attachment to Shu.
However, due to the loss of Ma Su's street pavilion, some soldiers were damaged. In order to avoid excessive consumption, Zhuge Liang returned to Hanzhong, and Cao Zhen, the three counties originally belonging to Shu Han, took back Hanzhong. Although the war was defeated, according to the records of historians, the total number of people used in the Northern Expedition of Shu and Han Dynasties was about100000:
? At that time, hundreds of thousands of people cried for it. Reflection? Shu zhi? The Biography of Ma Liang and Pei Songzhi quoted Xiangyang Ji. It is worth noting that Zhuge Liang has mentioned before: The south has been decided. Is there enough armor? . In Zhuge Liang's view, people and horses are completely enough. Sure, what's in the history books? A hundred thousand people? , not all armored soldiers, there may be a lot of logistics personnel responsible for transporting food and hay.
But the crux of the matter is that Cao Wei did not fight Zhuge Liang. Cao Zhen, Sima Yi and others know that it is very difficult for the Shu army to supply grain and grass in the northern expedition, so they can only do it quickly. Therefore, every time Zhuge Liang went north, Cao basically insisted on defense and let the Shu army consume itself first. As a result, the momentum of the Shu army was exhausted and it was difficult to gain something.
In fact, Zhuge Liang was cautious all his life. If there is no absolute advantage, he will not rashly attack the city and pull out the village. He knows very well that with the strength of the Shu army, it is difficult to maintain a long war of attrition with Cao Wei. Because of this, Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition has always been much cry and little rain, and basically failed.
Even so, during Zhuge Liang's administration, the soldiers and civilians of Shu had already complained. Among them, the biggest problem in Sichuan is the supply of grain and grass. Even though Zhuge Liang later settled in Weinan, it did not fundamentally change. Earlier, some scholars commented that Zhuge Liang's military ability was far from his ability to govern the country, and successive northern expeditions failed because of poor food and grass, which was equivalent to repeating the same mistakes and was by no means an excellent military commander.
But in fact, this is also Zhuge Liang's contradiction: he knew that Shu was not as powerful as Cao Wei, but he wanted to fulfill the wishes of his late emperor, so he had to do his best to explore the north after his death. Finally, this generation of celebrities died of illness in Guo Shiwu, Weinan, at the age of 54. After Zhuge Liang's death, the Shu army returned to Hanzhong.
It is worth noting that after Zhuge Liang's death, Jiang Wan and Wei Fei, the two prime ministers of Shu-Han Dynasty, did not focus on the Northern Expedition, but shared weal and woe with the people to recover. It was not until Jiang Wei came to power that a massive Northern Expedition was launched, but it was still in vain. Facts have proved that it is difficult for Shu Han, the weakest of the three countries, to compete with Cao Wei, the strongest. The so-called Northern Expedition is more like a political slogan. And Zhuge Liang's most respectable place lies in his share? Stupid loyalty? .