Cang Kejia's famous poem Some People is a good poem that everyone will never forget. This song was written on 1949 1 1 month 1 day to commemorate the thirteenth anniversary of Lu Xun's death. Where does the feeling come from? At that time, New China had just been established for one month. On the one hand, the people "riding on the people's heads" have been overthrown by the people; On the other hand, all kinds of people who entered new China from old China were inevitably branded with the class and ideology of the old society. There are many Lu Xun-style "some people", but there are also many negative "some people". The poet faced the reality and recalled the social conditions of Lu Xun before and after his death, and wrote this poem emotionally. This poem not only reflects the truth of life, but also shows the poet's ideological tendency. Therefore, it is a lyric poem with the unity of authenticity and tendency.
The first section of the poem points out that there are two diametrically opposed people in today's world: one is "life is like death" and the other is "living even after death". People who are "still alive despite death" naturally refer to Lu Xun who was commemorated at that time and are a tribute to Lu Xun who is "immortal"; But as a typical image, it does not refer to Lu Xun alone, but also implies many people with the same quality as Lu Xun. As for "life is worse than death" as a negative person, it certainly refers to the bad guys. This four-line poem, in two sentences, is the general hat of the whole poem and dominates the whole article. Although it is easy to understand, it has a large capacity, strong generality and thought-provoking.
The next three paragraphs (the second, third and fourth paragraphs of the poem) compare people who are worse than death with those who die without regret from three aspects: image, thought and feeling. From the image point of view, people who "ride on the people's heads" are arrogant and call themselves "great", but they are actually insignificant; And people who "serve the people like cattle and horses" are great, although they bend down and are inconspicuous. These four lines originated from Lu Xun's self-deprecating poem "Look at a thousand fingers coldly, bow your head and be a willing ox". The poet developed Lu Xun's thoughts and poems, and the opposition of images became more prominent and distinct. Ideologically speaking, people who are "life is worse than death" always want to be "immortal" and "carve their names on stones" and set up a monument for themselves. And those who "live after death" are willing to be nameless weeds. They hate the "ground" where weeds are used as decorations. They always wait for the underground volcano to erupt and burn all the weeds and trees on the "ground" until they are "not rotten" and everyone dies together. This paragraph is based on Lu Xun's "Wild Grass Inscription". "I love wild grass, but I hate the ground decorated with wild grass. The fire ran underground and rushed; Once lava is ejected, it will burn all weeds, even trees, so it is not rotting. Lu Xun was in a period of "hesitation" when he wrote Weeds and the inscription of Weeds. He once frankly admitted that he didn't find the road to revolution at that time, but he hated the reactionaries for not riding on the people's heads, thus showing the spirit of complete sacrifice. Finally, from the perspective of sentiment, those who are "life is worse than death" and "others can't live if he lives" are very mean and ugly. And those who "live even if they die" and "he lives to live better for most people" are noble and beautiful.
The second, third and fourth verses of this poem were conceived immediately after the first verse. Poets don't praise Lu Xun for the sake of praising him, but they also praise people with the same qualities as Lu Xun and condemn those who claim to be "greater" than the people and want to build a monument for themselves and not let others live. This contrast can show the breadth and depth of poetic thought better than simply eulogizing Lu Xun.
In the last three sections (the fifth, sixth and seventh sections), the poet grasped the relationship between the two people mentioned in the first section and pointed out their different fates, different influences and different endings, that is, their different futures. These three sections are the logical development of the second, third and fourth sections. The fifth section still focuses on the opposite image. Those who "ride on the people's heads" and claim to be "great" will eventually be overthrown by the people and fall from a height, which will not only be insignificant, but also disappear from the earth; As for those who "work for the people", they are always remembered by the people with the glorious image of "bowing their heads and being a willing ox". The sixth section is to write two different subjective ideas and get two different objective effects: those who want to erect a monument for themselves, their names rot earlier than the bodies; Those who "prefer to be weeds" are "wildfires won't devour them, they will grow taller again in the spring breeze". Weeds are old, and they are always remembered by the people every year. Lu Xun is like this, and so are people with the same quality as Lu Xun. The last section is about different feelings and different retribution. Good is rewarded with good, and evil with evil. It's not like you don't report it. Not yet. Those who "can't live if he lives" will never come to a good end. As long as the time comes, everyone can see their fate. As for those who "live a better life for most people", the people will hold him high. Lu Xun is the representative of this kind of people.
The theme of poetry has always been regarded as a praise or praise for Lu Xun's lofty qualities, which is of course good. However, through careful analysis and in-depth understanding, it is not enough to praise Lu Xun. Many analysts say that the theme of the poem is only to praise Lu Xun, which may be due to the neglect of the subtitle "Feeling of Remembering Lu Xun", the ending of the poem "1949165438+1October 65438 in Beijing" and the ending of the poem "Some people". The author wrote this poem not as an impromptu work of Lu Xun on 10/9 that year, but after attending the commemoration of the thirteenth anniversary of Lu Xun's death. If it is specially written for Lu Xun, the above theme is of course beyond reproach. However, the author clearly said that it was "in memory of Lu Xun", and each section did not point out Lu Xun, but began with "some people", which was naturally not just an eulogy for Lu Xun. Therefore, this poem is actually to commemorate Lu Xun, praise the truth, goodness and beauty, and lash the false, evil and ugly. Only by understanding the theme in this way can we summarize the content of the whole poem and tap its breadth and depth. This is the concrete embodiment of the poet's aesthetic ideal in poetry creation. Whether the poet himself realizes it or not. The negative image he created reveals this. It also shows that the poet always only hinted at Lu Xun in the comparison between the two people, but did not point out Lu Xun. If we just say that this poem praises Lu Xun, it will greatly reduce the capacity of this poem-its breadth and depth.
The artistic conception of this poem seems ordinary, but it is also strange. Since the poet works with emotion, he starts from aesthetic feeling. However, what is true, what is good, what is beautiful, what is false and what is ugly. Poets do not label or shout slogans, but only write their true feelings in popular, friendly and vivid language from their deep feelings about the world. Generally speaking, the analysis of this poem says that the poet used the artistic skills of contrast or contrast, which is of course correct. Indeed, every section of this poem uses contrast, which is more true, beautiful, good, false, ugly and bad. But the poet's contrast is not limited to a poem, but runs through the whole, and the poet arranges the contrast by "putting facts". The so-called "spread" is the traditional saying "blessing". The author of Some People uses contrast only to "spread good and evil". The poet arranged three contrasts: the first contrast, the general's hat in the first verse, is the contrast of two completely different people, which dominates the whole poem. The second contrast is mainly the struggle process between image and image. The third kind of contrast is mainly the contrast of the ending and different results of the two images under the encouragement of the historical situation and the trend of the times. It is these three contrasts that make the poet elaborate and become a neat and complicated lyric poem.