Chen Bohua (1919.3-2015.1.30) was born in Wuhan, Hubei. Hubei Han Opera Dan Jiao is a first-class actor. Party member, member of the Third and Fifth CPPCC. He has served as president of Wuhan Han Theatre, vice chairman of Hubei Dramatists Association and assistant to China's drama director.

Won the title of "Master of Han Opera Art" and the gold medal of honorary member of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles. His representative works include The Frontline of the Universe, Two Plums, The Edge of the Cabinet, Three Invitations to Fan Lihua, etc. He is the author of Selected Works of Chen Bohua, Stage Art of Chen Bohua and Memoirs of Chen Bohua.

20 15 65438+ died in Wuhan on 10, at the age of 96.

Chinese name: Chen Bohua.

Alias: Xinhua Chai

Nationality: China.

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Birthplace: Hubei

Date of birth:1965438+March 2009

Date of death: 2065438+0565438+1October 30th.

Occupation: Drama actor

Major achievements: Gold Award of Honorary Member of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles.

Representative works: Cosmic Front, Two Plums, Edge of Cabinet, etc.

The life of the character

19 19, Chen Bohua was born in Wuhan and has a well-off family in Chen Bohua. When he was a child, he often went to the theatre with his mother. He is a little opera fan.

1927, when he was eight years old, he embarked on the road of learning art and entered the Xinhua Class to study Hua Dan, whose stage name was Xinhua Chai. He was enlightened by Liu Benyu and worshipped Dong Yaojie, the master of Peony Flower, and became famous as "Little Peony Flower" as soon as he graduated.

1934, 15 years old, starred in Farewell My Concubine and Three Heroes under the stage name of Xiao Peony.

After 1936, Chen Bohua got married and left the stage, rarely appearing on 16.

1In the autumn of 960, Premier Zhou prepared a family dinner and invited Yuan Xuefen and Sinuhong, who had participated in the national famous actress workshops, to be guests at home. The Premier said to Chen Bohua, "Han Opera has a long history and has a great influence on Beijing Opera and many operas. There are Chinese operas in 13 provinces all over the country, and this ancient drama is promising. "

1962 1 Wuhan Han Theatre was established in Hubei, with Chen Bohua as the dean. The establishment of Wuhan Han Theatre has given the national Han Opera an art center, which has had a far-reaching impact on promoting and promoting the development of the national Han Opera art.

2015 65438+1October 30th, Chen Bohua died in Wuhan at the age of 96.

20 15 At 9: 00 am on February 3rd, Chen Bohua's body farewell ceremony was held in Wuhan.

CPPCC, deputy to the National People's Congress and vice chairman of Wuhan. Executive director of Chinese Dramatists Association, vice chairman of CPPCC in Hubei Province and Wuhan City.

artistic career

In his artistic career of more than 70 years, he has successfully created a series of artistic images with distinctive personalities and different styles, and has creatively reformed and innovated the singing art of China's opera "Dan Jiao".

1927 entered the first female class of the Korean drama "Girls' Club" to study drama, with the stage name "Xinhua Chai". Master Liu Benyu is an all-round art educator who is proficient in China's top ten plays. Thanks to the guidance of famous teachers, cleverness and diligence, Chen Bohua has shined brilliantly in recent years. Later, she took China's play Peony Flower (played by Dong Yaojie) as a teacher and married her father and daughter, so she changed her stage name to Little Peony Flower. The poet Xu Chi praised Chen Bohua as "a colorful and infinite red peony" in his masterpiece Peony before his famous reportage Goldbach conjecture.

1929, the Women's Association went to Jiujiang for the first time. In a performance of "Shoot My Nephew", the actor who played Xiao Sheng fell ill. Just when everyone was in a hurry, Chen Bohua, who often "steals art" on stage, volunteered: "I'll play!" At that time, the situation was urgent. Although the boss was not at ease, he had to let her out. Chen Bohua strode to the entrance of the platform. Before she read the first line, her vivid eyes won applause from the audience. Chen Bohua's first cross-dressing was an unexpected success. After graduating from science, Chen Bohua did not revel in a series of successes. With the growth of her artistic experience, she gradually felt a new dissatisfaction. Traditional Tsing Yi is rigid and old-fashioned, and often sings with its belly covered, far from shaping the artistic image of the stage. Chen Bohua began to consciously cooperate with the predecessors of Han Opera innovation, and organized a new study class in Changle Opera Garden with Zhu Hongshou, a popular opera reformer at that time, and put forward the slogan of "reviving Han Opera". They invited Liu Yizhou, a veteran playwright, to write two new plays for Chen Bohua, Farewell My Concubine and The Story of Red Stroke. These two plays are elegant in style, which can not only give full play to the characteristics of China's plays, but also be full of new ideas of the times. Every time Chen Bohua performs, the theater is packed with people, and Hankou stays up all night. Shortly after the founding of New China, the Central South Administration appointed famous film and drama artists Cui Xie and Chen Bohua to modify and process the traditional drama Cosmic Front, and took part in the first national opera performance in Beijing as a key drama of Han Opera.

1952, the newly established Wuhan Chinese Opera Troupe welcomes Chen Bohua to join. China's traditional drama Cosmic Frontline, starring it, went to Beijing to participate in the first national opera performance. The play is performed by Li Caiyun, a famous China opera actor, and is also the representative work of Mei Lanfang, a master of Peking Opera. However, on June 3rd this year, 10, Chen Bohua's performance in capital theatre was completely different from that of her predecessors. She fused Tsing Yi and Hua Dan into one furnace, and borrowed a painted face, a niche or even a ghost figure according to the needs of character performance in a specific environment, which made her singing more perfect and integrated with character performance. Chen Bohua's performance caused a sensation in Beijing and won the first prize as an actor. Her art, like a fragrant peony, blooms on the stage of human art in the new era. The success of Cosmic Frontline gave her confidence and courage, and she went on to rehearse traditional plays such as Qin Xianglian and By the Cabinet.

From 65438 to 0957, Chen Bohua toured Shanghai and Beijing with new plays, such as Durham, Frontline of the Universe, Qin Xianglian and By the Cabinet. On the opening day of "Second Mei", celebrities gathered in Shanghai drama circle, and a group of foreign experts also came here. Experts walked onto the stage with baskets taller than people. The ribbon reads "A string of shining pearls-for Chen Bohua" in Chinese and foreign languages. Enthusiastic audience crowded at the entrance of the platform and refused to leave for a long time. Beijing opera master Zhou praised the performance and specially prepared a family dinner for him. Soon, after Frontline of the Universe and Edge of the Cabinet, Dur May was once again put on the screen, and his performing arts were well-known at home and abroad.

1962 On New Year's Day, the Wuhan Han Theatre, named by Premier Zhou himself, was grandly completed. Dong Xinran, the vice president, wrote an inscription to build the hospital and became the dean, and the Han opera ushered in its glorious heyday. He has rehearsed several plays such as Drunk Maids, Climbing the Wall at once, Champion Media, Mu's Sky-Breaking Gate Array, Three Invitations, and other modern plays such as Jiang Jie, Zhao, Qiu Jin, and The Sun Coming out of the Mountain, and gradually formed the style characteristics laid down by Cosmic Front: the pursuit of elegance and artistic conception. It not only maintains the rich characteristics of Han Opera, but also exudes a fresh flavor of the times, pushing the ancient Han Opera to a new height and forming a rich and perfect Pai Cheng art system.

In Chen Bohua's mind, art is above everything else. In her later years, she still devoted all her energy to the cause of Han opera. In order to train successors, she tried her best to be a ladder. For more than ten years, her students have won the "Plum Blossom Award" or been rated as national first-class actors. In addition to teaching with apprentices, she often goes to the countryside to perform for farmers and border guards. Despite her advanced age, she led a delegation to perform in Hongkong, Japan, Singapore and other places, which made China's ancient operas look brand-new and spread to the whole country.

1982, Chen Bohua, who was over 60 years old, once again led a delegation to perform in Hong Kong, starring in such famous works as Two Plums, Cosmic Front, By the Cabinet, Drunken Guifei, etc. All walks of life in Hong Kong praised her performance as "wonderful".

Characteristics of works

Chen Bohua's artistic achievements are outstanding in the innovation of vocal music art, which not only retains the traditional characteristics, but also boldly combines them. Many popular arias are designed according to different characters. Her crisp, beautiful and elastic voice is praised as "excellent coloratura soprano" by the music industry, showing delicate, euphemistic and deep artistic style, and the singing method of "Pai Cheng" is therefore well-known throughout the country.

Chen Bohua began to study art at the age of eight and has lived for 76 years, spanning two centuries and experiencing several times. She is tireless and persistent in the fertile soil of Han opera art, and is a symbol of Han opera art, just like Yuan Xuefen of Yue Opera, Chen Suzhen of Henan Opera, Xin Nuhong of Yue Opera and Yan Fengying of Huangmei Opera. Chen Bohua is no longer a personal symbol, but a milestone in the development of modern Han opera art.

Chen Bohua is very particular about figure, eyes, gestures and steps. Li remembers telling him the true meaning of practicing basic skills on his way home from the county seat. Yesterday, he specially arranged these contents into twenty phrases. The eyes alone have "the eyes are the windows of the soul, and when you look straight, you must go through the wall." Rinse around your eyes and they will slip away. Blinking is like pulling a fire (lightning), and crazy eyes are amazed. There is no god in the eyes and nothing in the eyes.

Chen Bohua was born in 19 19. She studied fine arts at the age of 8, and became famous in the theater with Little Peony in her early years. Her performances are both civil and military, combining Tsing Yi and Hua Dan in one furnace, and she has performed many classic plays, such as Cosmic Front, Two Plums, No.1 Scholar, Climbing the Wall Right away, Three Invitations to Fan Lihua, Edge of Cabinet, Qin Xianglian, Broken Bridge and so on, forming a gorgeous and delicate modern drama.

Professor Hu Xiaoshi, a famous writer of literature and history in Nanjing University, praised Chen Bohua's talent after watching China's play Cosmic Front in the 1950s: A string of new voices turned around, and Han Bin was like a pearl charmer. Why did the Mei family have Luo Shen when Zhao came to Qin Temple?

Achievement honor

1952, "Cosmic Frontline" starring Chen Bohua won the first performance prize in the first national opera viewing conference.

1988, Chen Bohua was awarded the title of "Master of Chinese Opera" by Hubei Provincial People's Government.

1992, which was granted special government allowance by the State Council.

1993, after the merger of the two academies, he served as director of the Han Theatre.

1999, Chen Bohua celebrated her 80th birthday and lived on the stage for 70 years. The central government and the provincial and municipal governments once again celebrated her birthday and awarded her "People's Artist with both ability and political integrity".

In 2004, Chen Bohua won the gold medal as an honorary member of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles.

In 2006, Han Opera was listed as the first intangible cultural heritage in the State Council.

In 2008, Chen Bohua was listed as the representative inheritor of the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects by the Ministry of Culture.

Personal life

The filial daughter chews and feeds her mother.

Many people know that Chen Bohua is a master of China drama, but few people know that Chen Bohua is actually a rare filial daughter.

Hu Mankeqing introduced that he had interviewed Chen Bohua many times for work reasons, and Chen Bohua was very filial to his mother. At home, he will personally comb his mother's hair and chat with her. Even if he is busy at work, he never stops.

Cheng, performing artist of Hubei Han Opera Troupe, 198 1 the third generation disciple. Cheng recalled that when she was studying art, she often went to the master's house. "Because my mother has no teeth and likes to eat fried buns, Master chewed the buns with her mouth and fed them to her mother. Master's love for his mother makes our younger generation feel ashamed. "

The tutor is still teaching Chinese opera at the age of 85.

In 2004, 85-year-old Chen Bohua was in the ward, but she was interested in China's plays. At that time, she recruited Bi, a young actor from Wuhan Han Theatre, as a closed disciple, in order to be a disciple again.

Yu Shaoqun said that he was very sad to learn the news of the death of the master, and he also made a special trip back to Wuhan to visit the master the year before last. "No matter in the decade when I studied Chinese opera, or in the years when I switched to film and television. Grandpa cares about me as much as he did when he took me as an apprentice! Whenever I see her old man's house, there is a teaching that always hangs on my lips:' Be good! No matter where you are, you should act well and ponder over the characters in the play. Teacher, have a good trip! Always remember the kindness of the teacher! Teachers' morality will last forever! "

Social assessment

Yu Zhenfei, a contemporary master of Jingkun, once commented: "In the two hundred years of Peking Opera, Mei Lanfang was born; In the 300 years of Han Opera, there was a Chen Bohua, and Chen Bohua was the pride of China Han Opera. "

Mei Baojiu, a descendant of Mei Pai and the son of Mei Lanfang, was very sad. "Her" Cosmic Frontline "is absolutely classic. My father likes to listen to her cosmic front and second plum, and her records are all at home. " While expressing deep regret, Mei Baojiu also expressed the hope that Master Chen's Han Opera art can be well inherited and carried forward.

Tan Xiaoceng, a famous Peking Opera veteran and the sixth generation descendant of Tanmen, said that his generation was lucky to catch up with Chen Bohua's performance. "A few decades ago, I was lucky enough to see her performance Cosmic Front in Beijing. Very wonderful. Although I haven't communicated with her in the past, I admire her profound artistic attainments by watching performances and biographies. "

"Oriental beauty, absolute beauty." Xiao Fanghui, a famous drama performance artist aged 8/kloc-0, described Chen Bohua in her mind like this. Xiao Fanghui said that when Chen Bohua was young, she was called the Oriental Beauty. The most important thing is that she combined the performances of Tsing Yi, Hua Dan and even wudan into one, making the voice of Han Opera more delicate and beautiful. Chen Bohua can't live without Han Opera, and as the city memory of Wuhan, Han Opera can't live without Chen Bohua.

Liu Zhiyong, executive director of Wuhan Han Theatre, said: "The glory of Han Opera began in Chen Bohua. She is a banner of Han opera, which has cultivated outstanding artistic talents from generation to generation. She is not only a model of Han drama, but also a model of the whole literary and art circles. "

As a symbol of the art of Han Opera, Chen Bohua has successfully created a series of artistic images with distinct personalities and different styles, and has carried out creative reform and innovation on the art of singing in Han Opera.

Zhang Mingzhi, Chen Bohua's best friend and Hubei drummer, lamented: "She is very strict with herself, almost to the point of being harsh. Over the years, as long as there is a performance, she is determined not to eat before going to the stage. As the old saying goes, when you are full and hungry, you can't breathe when you are full. She has always asked herself to face the audience in the best condition as long as she goes on stage. If she didn't stick to the present Chinese opera, it wouldn't be like this. "

Zhu Shihui, a famous Peking Opera performer, said: "The death of Master Chen Bohua marks the past of an era of China opera." "The death of Master Chen Bohua is an irreparable loss of China's drama, and an era of China's drama has passed!" Zhu Shihui collapsed. Zhu Shihui was admitted to the provincial opera school when he was a teenager. At that time, Chen Bohua was invited to give them lectures, and Zhu Shihui often watched Chen Bohua's plays. "Her play is particularly glorious, beautiful and beautiful." Zhu Shihui said that when she performed all over the country for many years, her peers often asked about Chen Bohua. She is the representative and the glory of Hubei.

Commemoration of future generations

farewell ceremony

20 15 At 9: 00 am on February 3rd, a farewell ceremony for the body of China opera master Chen Bohua was held in Wuhan. Nearly a thousand people from all walks of life at home and abroad sent the master the last journey with tears.

Inside the mourning hall, Chen Bohua lay quietly among the flowers, looking serene. A hanging elegiac couplet: "Hongxuan Jianghan Sheng, twice plum blossom, competing with Jingkun; The new extension of Youling Road is full of talented people, just like Elo's biography, which highly summarizes her charming artistic life.

Opera fans have collected hundreds of their belongings.

The small room in Min Yanqing's home is full of hundreds of "memories" about Chen Bohua in the past 63 years: movie tickets, performance lists, photos of Chen Bohua, news reports about Chen Bohua, and even the menu of Chen Bohua's 90th birthday party. A dazzling array of things, neat and intact.

Among all the collections, two newspaper clippings are particularly old, which contain 83 pages of news reports about Chen Bohua from various newspapers since 1950. Paper is old and yellow, and it will break with a little force, but it is a family heirloom of Min Yanqing.

The producers of two newspaper clippings are Min Yanqing's uncle. He is also a fan of China's plays and the master Chen Bohua. 1950, Min Yanqing's uncle began to work as a trade union officer in a large enterprise. He took advantage of the opportunity of recycling waste newspapers every day to make a collection of newspaper clippings, and marked the date and page number at the bottom of each newspaper for easy reference. This is the whole year of 16.