China's diplomatic achievements since the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC).
(1) Diplomacy in the early days of the founding of New China.
1. Independent foreign policy of peace: After the Second World War, the opposition and fierce struggle between the Eastern bloc headed by the Soviet Union and the capitalist camp headed by the United States became the most prominent feature in international relations. The new China pursues an independent foreign policy, which Mao Zedong vividly sums up as "starting a new stove", "cleaning the house before treating guests" and "leaning to one side".
2. Five Principles of Peace: After the founding of New China, the United States and some capitalist countries adopted policies such as political non-recognition, economic blockade and embargo, military siege and threats against China in an attempt to strangle the new China in its cradle. However, in the first year after the founding of the People's Republic of China, China established diplomatic relations with 17 countries. In order to develop friendly relations with neighboring countries and newly independent countries, in February 65438, Zhou Enlai put forward the Five Principles of Peace for the first time.
During the period of 1954, Zhou Enlai visited India and Myanmar, and issued a joint statement with the two prime ministers, agreeing to take the Five Principles of Peace as the basic principles guiding China-India and China-Myanmar relations. The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence have become the basic principles for solving problems between countries.
3. World diplomatic arena: 1953 After the armistice of the Korean War, the US fleet continued to occupy the Taiwan Province Strait, interfered in China's internal affairs, and attempted to make a military threat to China from the Indian zhina region. In order to solve the problems of Korea and zhina peacefully, the Geneva Conference was held in 1954, which was the first important international conference attended by New China as one of the five great powers in the world. The positive role played by the China delegation at the meeting enhanced the international reputation of the new China.
From 65438 to 0955, the Bandung Conference was held, at which issues of common concern such as maintaining peace, striving for national independence and developing national economy were discussed. Facing the imperialist plot to sabotage the conference, facing the contradictions and differences among the participating countries, especially some countries' misunderstandings and doubts about the new China, Zhou Enlai clearly put forward the policy of "seeking common ground while reserving differences", which promoted the success of the conference. The Bandung Conference strengthened the ties between China and Asian and African countries, and China established diplomatic relations with more Asian countries.
(b) Create a new diplomatic situation.
1. Resume its lawful seat in the United Nations: After the founding of New China, the government of People's Republic of China (PRC) became the sole lawful government of China. However, due to the boycott of the United States, China's legal seat in the United Nations has been illegally occupied by the Kuomintang clique in Taiwan Province Province. With the support of developing China countries,197/kloc-0 101On October 25th, the 26th General Assembly adopted an overwhelming resolution to restore all the legitimate rights of the people of China in the United Nations, including the permanent seat of the Security Council. This is a great victory for China's diplomacy. The representative of the United States was forced to admit that "this is a turning point in the history of the United Nations, and the anti-western countries defeated the United States for the first time under the condition that the prestige of the United States was shaken".
2. Normalization of Sino-US and Sino-Japanese relations;
After the armistice of the Korean War, Sino-US relations have been in a state of hostility and tension for a long time. China is basically isolated from the diplomacy of most western countries. In the early 1970s, due to major changes in the world situation, Sino-US relations began to ease, and China's diplomacy made a major breakthrough and a turn for the better. 1971July, Kissinger secretly visited China, and then China and the United States announced that Nixon would visit China at the same time, which shocked the world. 1In February, 972, President Nixon visited China. China and the United States signed the Sino-US Joint Communique, stating that Taiwan Province Province is a part of China's territory, adhering to the one-China principle, and setting the ultimate goal of withdrawing all American armed forces and military facilities from Taiwan Province Province. Sino-US relations began to normalize. From 65438 to 0979, China and the United States formally established diplomatic relations. The improvement of Sino-US relations directly promoted the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Japan. From 65438 to 0972, Japanese Prime Minister tanaka kakuei visited China at the invitation of Zhou Enlai and signed a joint statement on the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries. Many western countries have established diplomatic relations with China. Since 1950s, the diplomatic deadlock caused by American containment of China has been broken.
3. Diplomatic achievements in the new era:
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the focus of the Party and the whole country shifted to economic construction, which needs a peaceful international environment. Opposing hegemonism and maintaining world peace have become the goals of China's foreign policy. After China resumed its lawful seat in the United Nations, it actively participated in the activities of the United Nations, its specialized agencies and other international organizations, conducted multilateral diplomacy centered on the United Nations, and made great contributions to world peace and development. China also actively participates in the diplomatic activities of regional international organizations.
200 1 10, the ninth APEC informal leadership meeting was successfully held in Shanghai. Members attending the meeting reached a broad consensus and formed the "Shanghai Knowledge". The Shanghai Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference has made important contributions to promoting economic cooperation and trade in the Asia-Pacific region. China actively develops good-neighborly relations with neighboring countries and creates a peaceful surrounding environment.
In 200 1 year, China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan signed the Declaration on the Establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Shanghai. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is a new regional cooperation organization that seeks security through mutual trust and cooperation through mutual benefit. It plays an important role in strengthening China's political and economic cooperation with Belarus and Central Asian countries. China has played a leading role in the SCO.
China joined the WTO on 200 1.