According to the villagers in Dazu Village, they belong to an aristocratic family in Mufu, Lijiang City. During the strong period of the Ming dynasty shogunate, they migrated from Shuhe ancient town to supervise and manage Lugu Lake and its surrounding areas. Mosuo people, who should be the aborigines of Lugu Lake, have their own language, but no writing. Mosuo people are still matriarchal society, and the female elders in the family are respected and pursue Asha marriage, that is, walking marriage. Getting married means that men and women are based on feelings. The man went to the woman's house in the evening and went back to his house the next morning. Men don't marry, women don't marry, they are completely free and willing to combine. The child born has been in the woman's house and raised by the woman's house. The Naxi people in Dazu village are extremely strict about marriage and pay attention to loyalty and uniqueness. When they get married, they need to swear poison and have a grand ceremony. Once they get married, they are not allowed to divorce.
Therefore, many propaganda "mysterious daughter country" and "matriarchal clan home" actually refer to the Mosuo people in Lugu Lake. Not only Mosuo people live in Lugu Lake, but also Han, Yi, Pumi and Naxi people live in Dazu Village.
The following is the marriage custom of Naxi nationality in Dazu village. There are still many shortcomings in the part I have only learned for the time being, please point out and correct it.
The first part is participation.
Because I didn't understand it, I simply took it from Baidu. Engagement is divided into "small wine" and "big wine", and it is called "small wine" for the first time. The man's family needs to give gifts to the woman, including sugar, tea, wine and rice. During drinking, if both sides feel inappropriate, they can go back on their word. If the man goes back on his word, he can inform the woman; If the woman goes back on her word, she can return all the gifts she received to the man. A year and a half after a little drinking, the man gave a gift for the second time, called "big wine". In addition to wine gifts, the man should also send cloth, clothes, bracelets, pork and so on. And some cash will be sent to the woman's home by his relatives, friends and matchmaker. The woman gave a big banquet, entertained guests, and returned wine and sugar to the man. After drinking, neither man nor woman can go back on their word.
Part II Marriage
It used to take three days to get married, but now the wedding is shortened to two days.
On the first day, at three or four o'clock in the morning, Dongba (a wise man of Naxi nationality) was proficient in various customs and etiquette of Naxi nationality, praying for blessings, reciting scriptures, folklore and so on. ) Go to the water source in the village (local people call it Longtang), cut off the trunks and branches of three kinds of plants (cypress, green bar and poplar), and take them back to make a unique "marriage certificate". After this "marriage certificate" ceremony, it will be placed on the pillar of grandma's house and preserved for generations.
At dawn, the main activity of the day-killing cattle officially began. A strong young man tied the cow with a rope and pulled it into the yard. The ox slayer is a very close relative, and must be the groom's cousin. The way to kill cattle is also very special. We need to keep our hearts alive, especially the young people who help in the village. There are too many cooks. He pressed the cows' heads and feet with a big wooden pole to prevent them from breaking free. Cattle killers cut a slit in the chest with a sharp kitchen knife, washed their hands and arms with strong liquor, and then directly entered the cow through the slit with their hands to find the position of the heart. He took the heart from the cow with his bare hands and put it on a plate for later use.
After the heart is taken out, kill the cow according to the normal procedure. It should be noted that the butter in the cow's belly should be taken out as a whole and covered on the surface of a long barrel-shaped vessel. If you don't look carefully, the butter-covered vessel is like a golden jade plate, which is very gorgeous.
Buttered utensils are places to put "marriage certificates" when getting married. This is also the most exquisite. We will put the live ox heart at the bottom of the vessel, then put wheat, highland barley or rice on it until it is eight minutes full, and then insert the prepared "marriage certificate" and branches of three plants into the ox heart (I guess this is a form of marriage oath) to be enshrined in the highest position of grandma's house.
Dongba uses corn flour to knead dough, which is also a necessary prop for Naxi people in various ceremonies. After the dough is made, put it next to the marriage certificate.
At about ten o'clock in the morning, Sina's sisters first went to the woman's house to chat with her. There are three kinds of gifts: three pieces of tofu, a cow leg and a vat of corn fermented wine.
Everything in the man's family is going on in an orderly way. Dongba chanted prayers and helped its neighbors to kill cows, pigs, chickens, fish and so on, making all kinds of preparations.
afternoon
The main activity in the afternoon is at the woman's house. Dongba went to the woman's house to recite the scriptures, and the matchmaker also went to the woman's house to accept all kinds of inquiries and "difficulties" from elders and relatives.
The matchmaker plays a very important role in the marriage process of Naxi nationality, and it is the link connecting the families of men and women. (I don't know much about it, but I need to add it)
When the matchmaker arrives at the woman's house, her relatives and friends usually prick the matchmaker's face with pine needles to show intimacy. The woman's relatives and friends sat down at her grandmother's house in turn and asked the matchmaker various questions about the man's family. At this time, the matchmaker must try his best to get away with it, or he will accept all kinds of happy punishments.
The next day, the wedding was full.
At three or four o'clock in the morning, the man's yard has already begun to be lively. Dongba is chanting prayers at grandma's house, and the neighbors who are helping are making all kinds of final preparations.
One of the highlights of the ceremony-killing pigs. At this time, the way of killing pigs is also different from the usual way of disembowelling. Instead, a bamboo with a diameter of about 1-2 cm and a length of about 50 cm is directly inserted into the heart from the armpit of the pig. Although there is no blood, it can kill the pig. Killing pigs was done at grandma's house, with the blessing of Dongba. After the pig died, it was moved outside and slaughtered, in which the elbow and ribs were released separately, and the other meat was cut into large pieces and cooked for later use.
After the pig killing ceremony, three sharp stones and some prickly green thorn branches were placed opposite the seat of Dongba, which was the bride's seat.
(Unfinished, to be continued by ..........)