Why should we promote Putonghua?

1. The significance of popularizing Putonghua

According to the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on National Common Language, Putonghua is the national common language. Putonghua takes Beijing dialect as the standard pronunciation, northern dialect as the basic dialect, and typical modern vernacular as the grammatical norm.

Language is the most important communication tool and information carrier. In the historical process of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's modernization, vigorously promoting and actively popularizing Putonghua, which is commonly used throughout the country, is conducive to eliminating language barriers and promoting social exchanges, and is of great significance to socialist economic, political, cultural construction and social development.

With the reform and opening up and the development of socialist market economy, the demand for popularizing Putonghua is increasingly urgent. Popularizing Putonghua and creating a good language environment are conducive to promoting personnel exchanges and commodity circulation and cultivating a unified big market.

China is a populous country with many nationalities, languages and dialects. Popularizing Putonghua is conducive to promoting exchanges among all ethnic groups and regions, safeguarding national unity and enhancing the cohesion of the Chinese nation.

Language and writing ability is the basic content of cultural quality, and promoting Putonghua is an important content of quality education. Popularizing Putonghua is conducive to implementing the educational strategic policy of facing modernization, the world and the future, carrying forward the excellent traditional culture and patriotism of the motherland, and improving the scientific and cultural quality of the whole nation.

The level of information technology is one of the symbols to measure the level of science and technology in a country. Standardization of language and characters is the premise of improving the level of Chinese information processing. Popularizing Putonghua and implementing the scheme of Chinese Pinyin are conducive to promoting the development and application of Chinese information processing technology.

In short, the promotion of Putonghua is conducive to the development of China's advanced productive forces and advanced culture, in line with the fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups, and is a concrete action to implement Theory of Three Represents, adhere to the people-oriented principle, implement a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable Scientific Outlook on Development, and serve the building of a harmonious society and a well-off society in an all-round way.

2. The legal basis for promoting Putonghua

Article 19 of the Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "The state promotes Putonghua, which is commonly used throughout the country."

Article 2 of the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on National Common Language and Characters stipulates: "The national common language and characters are Putonghua and standardized Chinese characters." Article 3 stipulates: "The state promotes Putonghua and standardized Chinese characters." Article 4 stipulates: "Citizens have the right to learn and use the spoken and written languages commonly used in the country. The state provides conditions for citizens to learn and use the national common language. Local people's governments at all levels and their relevant departments should take measures to promote Putonghua and standardize Chinese characters. " Article 5 stipulates: "The use of the national common language should be conducive to safeguarding national sovereignty and national dignity, to national unity and national unity, and to the construction of socialist material and spiritual civilization." Article 10 stipulates: "Putonghua and standardized Chinese characters are the basic teaching languages in schools and other educational institutions." Article 11 stipulates: "Chinese publications shall conform to the norms and standards of the national common language." Article 12 stipulates: "Radio stations and television stations use Putonghua as the basic broadcasting language." Article 13 stipulates: "Promote the use of Putonghua as the service language in the public service industry." Article 14 stipulates: "The basic language of radio, film and television is the national common language." . Article 18 stipulates: "The Chinese Pinyin Scheme is used as a spelling and phonetic tool for the national common language. Primary education should be taught in Chinese Pinyin. " Article 19 stipulates: "Where Mandarin is the working language, staff should be able to speak Mandarin. The level of Putonghua of announcers, program hosts, actors in film and television dramas, teachers and staff of state organs who use Putonghua as their working language shall meet the grade standards set by the state respectively; Those who have not yet reached the national standard of Putonghua will be trained separately. Article 20 stipulates: "Teaching Chinese as a foreign language should teach Mandarin and standardize Chinese characters."

Article 37 of the Law on Regional National Autonomy in People's Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "Schools (classes) and other educational institutions that mainly recruit minority students should use teaching materials in minority languages, and if conditions permit, they should teach in minority languages; According to the situation, Chinese courses will be offered from the lower or higher grades of primary schools to promote Putonghua and standardize Chinese characters. " Article 49 stipulates: "The organs of self-government of ethnic autonomous areas educate and encourage cadres of all ethnic groups to learn languages from each other. Han cadres should learn the spoken and written languages of local ethnic minorities. While learning and using their own spoken and written languages, ethnic minority cadres should also learn Putonghua and standardized Chinese characters commonly used throughout the country. "

Article 12 of the Education Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates: "Schools and other educational institutions should promote the use of Putonghua and standardized characters commonly used throughout the country in teaching."

Article 6 of the Compulsory Education Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "Schools should promote Putonghua, which is commonly used throughout the country. Schools that recruit ethnic minority students can teach in the language commonly used by ethnic minorities. "

Article 24 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Compulsory Education Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "Schools that implement compulsory education shall promote the use of Putonghua commonly used throughout the country in education, teaching and various activities. Mandarin should be used in education, teaching and activities in normal colleges. "

Article 6 of the Regulations on the Work of Eliminating Illiteracy stipulates: "The teaching of eliminating illiteracy should use Mandarin commonly used throughout the country."

Article 15 of the Regulations on the Administration of Kindergartens stipulates: "Kindergartens should use Mandarin commonly used throughout the country."

Article 14 of the Regulations on Administrative Work in Ethnic Towns stipulates: "Primary and secondary schools in ethnic townships can use the spoken and written languages commonly used by local ethnic minorities for teaching, and at the same time promote Putonghua commonly used throughout the country."

Article 36 of the Regulations on the Administration of Radio and Television stipulates: "Radio stations and television stations shall use standardized spoken and written languages. Radio stations and TV stations should promote Mandarin, which is commonly used throughout the country. "

3. Policies to promote Putonghua

In order to meet the needs of reform and opening up, economic construction and social development, in 1986, the state listed the promotion of Putonghua as the primary task of language and writing work in the new period. In 1992, the policy of "vigorously promoting, actively popularizing and gradually improving" was defined, which put forward higher requirements in strengthening government behavior, expanding popularization scope and improving the application level of Putonghua for all people.

Languages of all ethnic groups exist on an equal footing, and all ethnic groups have the freedom to use and develop their own languages. The state encourages all ethnic groups to learn languages from each other. Mandarin should be taught in Chinese courses offered by schools that teach in minority languages, and Mandarin should be used when Chinese is needed in minority autonomous areas.

Correctly handling the relationship between Putonghua and Chinese dialects and adhering to the principle of combining subjectivity with diversity in social language life will enable citizens to generally have the ability to use Putonghua on the one hand, and respect the use value and cultural value of dialects on the other. Promoting Putonghua is not to eliminate dialects, but to let citizens master the national common language while using dialects, and consciously use Putonghua in formal occasions and public communication occasions.

4. The goal of promoting Putonghua.

Before 20 10, Putonghua was popularized throughout the country, and the dialect barriers in communication were basically eliminated. Citizens with medium education or above have the ability to use Putonghua, and consciously use Putonghua when necessary. Before the middle of this century, Mandarin was popularized all over the country, and there was no dialect barrier in communication. Through unremitting efforts in the next 40 to 50 years, the Chinese language quality of our people has been greatly improved, and the social application of Putonghua has become more suitable for the needs of socio-economic, political and cultural development, forming a good language environment suitable for the level of moderately developed countries.

5. Basic ideas of popularizing Putonghua.

The promotion of Putonghua should closely focus on social needs, proceed from the national conditions in the primary stage of socialism, follow the law of language development, and strengthen government behavior according to law. We should take the school as the foundation, the party and government organs as the leader, the news media such as radio and television as the example, and the public service industry as the window to gradually expand to the vast rural areas and extend to a wider field, and gradually realize the popularization of Putonghua in the whole society.

6. Basic measures to promote Putonghua.

The basic measures to promote Putonghua are target management, quantitative evaluation, Putonghua proficiency test and publicity and education centered on the national promotion week of Putonghua. The promotion of Putonghua in accordance with the law has been continuously strengthened, and it has gradually embarked on an institutionalized, standardized and scientific track.

7. Basic requirements for promoting Putonghua.

Efforts should be made to promote Putonghua in four key areas: First, schools and other educational institutions should use Putonghua as the basic teaching language, and urban schools and kindergartens should use Putonghua as the campus language. It is necessary to incorporate the requirements of promoting Putonghua into the training objectives, management practices, teachers' basic skills training, and penetrate into various educational and teaching activities and social practices such as morality, intelligence, physique and beauty. It is necessary to actively carry out the activities of establishing standardized model schools for spoken and written languages, and cultivate a number of model schools to promote Putonghua and standardize spoken and written languages. Second, the party and government organs should set an example, use Putonghua as the official language, and urge and drive the whole society to popularize Putonghua. The putonghua level of civil servants should reach the required level. Third, news media such as radio and television should take Putonghua as the basic broadcasting language, and announcers and program hosts should become role models for the whole society to speak Putonghua well. Fourth, encourage businesses, tourism, postal services, telecommunications, railways, civil aviation, finance, health and other industries to use Putonghua as a service language, and encourage employees to strive to improve their Putonghua level. The People's Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force should use Putonghua as their working language to help cadres and soldiers improve their Putonghua level.

8. Promote Putonghua slogans

(1) The state promotes Putonghua, which is common throughout the country.

(2) Actively promote national languages and enhance the cohesion of the Chinese nation.

(3) Love the national flag, sing the national anthem and speak Mandarin.

(4) Four seas are one family, and unity is strength.

(5) Putonghua: China's voice, China's feeling.

(6) Popularizing Putonghua is a family.

(7) Facing modernization and popularizing Putonghua.

(8) Actively promote Putonghua, and Qi Xin will work together to achieve a well-off society.

(9) Establish a sense of language norms and improve the quality of national culture.

(10) Civil servants should take the lead in promoting Putonghua.

(1 1) The news media should set an example in promoting Putonghua.