Allusions always come from an original story. When the original story is widely known, a simple sentence can arouse people's memories of the whole story. This phrase is used in writing or dialogue and is an allusion. "The King of Chu has a thin waist" is recorded in many ancient books. Among them, the description of the Warring States Policy and Mozi is more detailed and more like an original story. The chapter "Wang Wei asks Mo Ao Zihua" in the Warring States Policy records a conversation between Chu Weiwang and Minister Mo Ao Zihua. After listening to Mo Ao Zihua's introduction of the glorious deeds of the five famous ministers of Chu, Wang Wei was very envious and sighed: "Where can we find such outstanding people in today's talent gap?" So Mo Aozihua told the following story:
"In the past, King Chu Ling had a thin waist, so all the ministers of King Chu Ling celebrated a meal, threatened to eat, and helped the wall to get up. Compared with the previous year, the color of North Korea has darkened. " .
Once upon a time, King Ling of Chu liked his courtiers to have slim waists, and the literati of Chu also went on a diet to lose weight, so they were dizzy with hunger and could not stand up. The person sitting on the mat must stand up and hold the wall, and the person sitting on the carriage must stand up and lean against the stone. Everyone wants to eat delicious food, but people hold back and are willing to starve to death for the sake of slim waist. Mo Aozihua went on to say that courtiers always wanted the king's favor. If the king really likes sages and guides everyone to become sages, it is not difficult for Chu to become a talented minister like the five sages of the previous dynasty.
Mozi's Love for All (middle) tells the same story, but there are two other stories, Jin Wengong's likes and dislikes and Betty Wong's Hao Xia, which emphasize the same truth:
"In the past, Jin Wengong's bad clothes were worn by good people, so Wen Gong's ministers all wore sheepskin. Wei practiced silk with a sword, which was seen in Jun and practiced in Chao. What is the reason? You did, so I did. In the past, King Chu Ling was a gentleman with a thin waist, so all the ministers of King Chu Ling took meals as a festival, threatening to rest and help the wall. Compared with the previous year, the color of North Korea has darkened. What is the reason? You say it, and I can do it. Once upon a time, the King of Yue lived simply and tried to be brave, teaching hundreds of officials a lesson. Yong's boat caught fire, so he tried his men and said,' This is the treasure of Yue'. The King of Yue personally drummed his men in. Scholars heard the drums, broke up and jumped into the fire, but there were more than a hundred people around the dead. The king of Yue struck gold and retreated. " .
In other ancient books, the statement that "the king of Chu has a thin waist" is obviously condensed from the chapter of Wang Wei or All Love. Such as "everything is done" in the second chapter, "Therefore, the king of Yue is brave and the people are light. King Chu Ling has a thin waist, but there are many hungry people in the country. " "The Spring and Autumn Annals of Yan Zi" (I) "The king of Yue is brave and the people are light to death. King Chu Ling has a thin waist, and many people starve to death in his dynasty. " "Yin Wenzi (I)" The main text "Yesterday, Qi Huan was all purple, and the border was no different." Chu Zhuang loves thin waist, and all countries are hungry ",while the seven ministers and seven main articles of Guanzi" Fu Shan thin waist, beauty saves food. The prince of Wu is a good sword, and the national scholar is lighter than death ",which is similar to" universal love ". The details of the story "The King of Chu has a thin waist" are no longer described, but only a sentence is understated, so that readers can't understand it. It can be seen that at the time of writing these chapters, this story has become a household name, and there is no need to waste more ink. In other words, this story has become a well-known allusion.
In "Wang Wei", what we see is "about eating", while in "All Love", it is "the former King Chu Ling's", and everyone clearly pointed out the word "eating". Today, the word "yes" is unisex, which can be said to be either "male" or "female". However, in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, scholars were a special title of a male group between Qing Dafu and ordinary people, and women were not qualified to be scholars. Mr. Yan Buke studied the origin and meaning of the word "scholar" and pointed out that "scholar is great". Mr. Gu Jiegang explained the definition of scholar in more detail. "China ancient scholars are all soldiers. Scholars are low-level aristocrats, living in the country (that is, the capital city), having the right to control civilians and the obligation to defend the country. " So the king of Chu must like his brother's waist. What needs to be pointed out here is that in Xunzi and Yin Wenzi, the king of Chu with a good waist was written as Chu Zhuangwang. Looking through ancient books, Wang Zhuang has no other basis for this hobby. The following article will quote the classics to show that King Chu Ling is gay, at least bisexual, and his love for men's waists is determined by his sexual orientation. The word "Zhuang" should be a mistake in the word "Ling".
Different from other allusions without sexual connotation, the allusions of "The King of Chu loves the waist" have a unique phenomenon of sexual orientation alienation in the process of its evolution and finalization. In the phrases of Yanzi Chunqiu, Hanfeizi, Yinwenzi and Xunzi, the key word "yes" referring to men has disappeared, that is, the subject with thin waist has become neutral. The future evolution is further feminization. This is a very interesting cultural phenomenon in the social environment where heterosexuality is dominant. "The king of Chu has a thin waist and many hungry people in the palace" originated from Mario, the eldest son of the famous Ma Yuan in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. In 77 AD, that is, the 606th year after the death of King Chu Ling, the protagonist of the allusion, Mario used the phrase "Wu Wang's swordsmanship is good, and the people create more scars" in "Going to Changle Palace to persuade him to be a virtuous government". The king of Chu has a thin waist and many hungry people in his palace. His Shu was compiled by Ye Fan in the Eastern Han Dynasty and Sima Guang in the Northern Song Dynasty. These two books are required reading books for ancient literati, and their influence can be imagined. Mario may have to choose the word "Gong" in Shu. His book is written for his sister Matthew. At that time, Emperor Zhang Han was raised by Matthew, but he was not his own flesh and blood. Perhaps because of this subtle relationship, Matthew has been trembling and cautious all his life. She is also very strict with her uncle, for fear that they will go beyond the etiquette system and cause unexpected disasters. If the words "Zhong Chao" or "China" are used in Shu, it will remind people of the story that Emperor Ai of Han Dynasty broke his sleeves. According to Confucian etiquette, it is disrespectful to the empress dowager, and it is also suspected of alluding to the former emperor. Using the word "palace" is politically correct, because in the Han Palace, there are no other men except the emperor and eunuchs, and the rest are women. Mario's subtle remarks about righteousness made the sexual orientation of "Chu Wang Xi Yao" make a 180 degree turn, and also called on most people in society to understand this allusion. Because the subject of thin waist is alienated to women, the allusion of "the king of Chu loves thin waist" has derived a sub-allusion: Chu waist. When poems after Han Dynasty use the allusion of "Chu waist", it no longer contains the metaphorical meaning of "the hobby of the authorities leads the fashion trend", but only describes the slim waist of women.
The following are the original texts of Zi Tong Zhi Jian (Volume 46) and Han Ji 38:
Mario was worried that the beauty industry would be difficult to end, and Shang Shu advised Cheng Dezheng to say, "In the past, it was just a waste of money for Yuan Di not to be an official, to dress as an emperor and to mourn the emperor to go to Yuefu. As for those who refused, people did not follow their words. There must be a foundation for the husband to change the coup. " Biography said: Wu Wang is a good swordsman, and the people create more scars; The king of Chu had a thin waist and starved to death in his palace. Chang' an language says:' The city is so high, and the square inch is one foot high; The city is full of eyebrows, with a half forehead; There are so many sleeves in the city that there are silks in all directions. "Like a play, it's true. There are not many front and back systems, but they are not good. Although officials don't obey the law, it's good to start capital slowly. Today, your majesty is simple, safe and sacred. If you make things happen, then the world will be virtuous, the gods will be accessible, and the situation will follow! "The queen mother deeply.
The following texts refer to Volume 24 of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty and Fourteen Biographies of Ma Yuan:
Liao's words are respectful, and his father is a young master. Empress Mingde was established, and Liao was appointed commander of Yulin army and warrior. Xianzong collapsed and was forbidden by the testamentary edict chief, so Zhao Xi was replaced by Wei, and Su Zong respected him very much. At that time, the empress dowager devoted herself to frugality and kept things simple. Liao was worried that the beauty industry would be difficult to end, so he went to Changle Palace to persuade him to become a virtuous politician. He said: the imperial edict of my last life is not enough for the people, and it is still extravagant since the beginning of the world. So Yuan Di stopped being an official and became an emperor, and went to Yuefu to mourn the emperor. However, there is no end to waste. As for those who are in decline, the people never keep their word. There must be a foundation for a coup. Chuan said, "The King of Wu is a good swordsman, and the people are scarred. The king of Chu had a thin waist and starved to death in his palace. " Chang' an language says: "The city is so high, and the square inch is one foot high; The city is full of eyebrows, with a half forehead; There are big sleeves in the city, and all sides are woven. " It's like a play, and it's true. There are not many front and back systems, but there are also many. Although officials may not obey the law,
Ok, from the capital. Today, your majesty bends down with thick clothes, refuses to decorate with Chinese ornaments, is simple and stable, and comes from holiness. This is a great blessing, and nothing more. Since your majesty has acquired nature, it is still appropriate to encourage him. The virtue of Fa Taizong is endless. Yi said, "Don't be constant with virtue, or be ashamed of virtue." If you succeed in your sincerity, then the four seas will recite morality, sound heaven and earth, God can communicate, and stone can be happy, but it depends on benevolence and order! I would like to sit on the edge of that chapter and be the voice that sings at night.
The queen mother was deeply impressed. The court discussed it. It is necessary to ask for an interview.
The expansion of Chu Wang's slim waist
Once upon a time, King Chu Ling liked people with thin waists. Because of him, the civilian generals in the DPRK dared not eat more, and reduced three meals a day to one meal. Get up every day, hold your breath, tighten your belt, and then stand up with your hands against the wall. In this way, in order to please the king of Chu, the ministers in the DPRK forced themselves to do things they didn't like every day. Although everyone didn't talk much on the surface, they always secretly complained: Alas, why does the king like to have a thin waist? It makes us tighten our belts every day and even dare not eat more.
Ministers spent a year in such a muddle, but they didn't get to know each other as before, even in poor health. They often have a cold and fever, but they have been complaining in their hearts, but they can't say clearly.
The monarch of the neighboring country heard that the ministers of Chu were stupid enough to lose weight and gird their waists, and their eyes lit up with excitement, because this was a good opportunity for them to invade Chu. Ministers are in poor health, so it is difficult to direct a good battle.
At the beginning of the war, neighboring countries first sent troops to capture the border cities of Chu, which made Chu lose a lot of land. When attacking the strong fortress of the capital of Chu, the neighboring countries switched to lasting tactics, which made the Chu people panic. Later, with the help of Chu's friendly neighbors, they beat back the troops of neighboring countries and calmed the storm.
After the war, the king of Chu realized how stupid he was and ordered the whole people to keep fit properly. Ministers also praised the wise decision of the king of Chu. A few years later, Chu gradually prospered and became a powerful country.
"Do you need a reason to be thin?" King Chu said to the staff who came to ask, "I am the reason." The tape recorder will stop talking. The words of the king of Chu soon spread to the harem. These harem beauties were carefully selected from China in the beauty contest. They searched from west to east, from south to north, as meticulous as catching lice, and almost never let go of the rat hole in China. So all the beautiful women in the country gathered in the harem of Chu, and there were 2,999, if not 3,000.
Beautiful women are tall and thin, but this time the king of Chu is obsessed with a thin waist! After sighing, the beautiful women drastically cut back on their diet, hoping that their waistlines would become reed stalks overnight, so that the king would like them and get the title of concubine, and they would not starve to death when they were old. Beauty is like a cloud, Wang En is limited, and if there is more porridge, it is natural to compete hard. Several beautiful women have lost weight these days, and one of them has made outstanding achievements. Yingying shook her waist and dangled in front of the king of Chu. The eyes of the king of Chu dare not move. He looked back at the waist of the accompanying concubine around him, curled his mouth and kicked her under the seat. When several guards saw it, they climbed in like dogs and dragged the crying princess out. Liu Yao naturally became a new princess. When the beautiful women saw it, they were both envious and afraid. The waist rules are rich, but the waist is thick. This truth can be seen clearly by the blind. It seems that the problem of thin waist is not only a matter of competing for favor, but also a matter of fighting for life. Moreover, in order to satisfy the king of Chu, the harem food supply officer also greatly reduced the food supply, and he could not eat any more. Several beautiful women with thick waistlines have been dieting for many days, but they have not seen their waistlines become thinner. They were so anxious that they cried and tried to strangle them with silk. They couldn't breathe, couldn't walk away and dared not relax. From then on, all the beautiful women in Chu Palace were as thin as peeling onions, with thin arms and legs, long skin, high cheekbones on their faces, sunken eye sockets and thin waists. The palace was full of graceful charm, but no one reached the waist circumference of the spine and intestines that the king of Chu wanted.
One day, the guard came to report that a maid-in-waiting had died. The king of Chu was having a meal. He said he died without looking up. The guards also said that she starved to death. The king of Chu still did not move. The bodyguard looked at the face of the king of Chu and whispered that she was starved to death because the king of Chu liked to have a thin waist. The king of Chu suddenly got excited and said loyalty. He summoned the ministers to discuss the matter. As a result of the discussion, this woman is loyal and heartless, and abandoned her personal desires for the benefit of Chu. She is really a model of a generation of women. The king of Chu decided to erect a memorial arch for the woman in recognition, and called her your wife Zhen Lie. Her parents and relatives gave her an official reward, and the treasure was sent to the cart.
This move further inspired Americans to fight to the end, bravely changing a bowl of 100 millet porridge for breakfast to 60, and a cucumber for dinner to half. In the past few days, many parents, relatives and friends have entered the palace every day, shouting slogans and saying, stick to it, stick to it, try to build a memorial arch and honor your family. There are some beautiful women who can't stand it. Seeing that the end of the road is getting closer and closer, they are afraid. More than 30 beautiful women decided to eat some meat, so they secretly stewed a chicken together. They didn't want to be seen by a group of relatives and friends who entered the palace, so they made a sudden snatch and took the chicken away, saying that it was no good, it was no good, and they really wanted to eat meat. It's enough for 30 of you to share a sparrow.
That night, another father brought some relatives and friends into the palace. His daughter is an aristocrat, and her waist is neither thick nor thin. The king of Chu was lukewarm to her. The father said with a calm face, "son, you can't wait any longer, and your waist won't lose weight." Can't you use your head when you see more opponents? " The nobleman had just eaten half a cucumber, but his eyes could still move flexibly and he still had some strength to speak. He asked, What should I do? Father didn't answer, just said, "Your brothers are ordinary people. He will be arrested and guarded next spring and will not come back for more than ten days. If they are blocked, they don't have to go. They still have wine and meat to eat every day. Our children and grandchildren are prosperous. Now, it is up to you. " The nobles seemed very confused. A friend who was studying nearby could not help but say, "In the Spring and Autumn Period, Yiya served Qi Huangong and cooked her son for public food, which was a great pleasure for the public. Yiya is favored, ruling for a while, and the son of Yiya is virtuous! You don't want to work? " Soft-hearted relatives and friends said, "dear niece, you will die here sooner or later." Long pain is better than short pain, or die clean and decent. Your parents didn't raise you for nothing. " Another gentle relative said: "Swallowing gold when you die is the best way to make money, followed by throwing it into the river. Here, I have prepared a suicide note for you. " The noble barely opened his eyes, but it was a poem, saying: the waist of the water plant is really thin, and my waist is too thick. I would like to be a water plant that grows at the feet of the king. "Good poem!" Relatives and friends who have read this book exclaimed, twisting a few sparse beards and saying, "The dictionary is elegant, the artistic conception is remote, the feelings are sincere, and it is close to life. Brother Yu has recently sorted out the essence of poetry in previous dynasties, and this good brother should be in the bag." The person who wrote the poem immediately twisted it. They talked about poetry for a long time, but none of them fainted. They returned to the topic together and asked the aristocrat, "Have you thought about it?" The noble only felt his head swell, and when he saw his friends and relatives around him with green eyes and red mouths, he couldn't help shivering, and cried, "Woman, it's really useless." "You finally realized," said the soft-hearted relatives and friends. "Eat grapes don't spit grape skin. Instead of eating grapes, spit grape skins. This grape skin is useless, it will spit out after eating it. Women are like this. " "ridiculous!" Some relatives and friends who have read the book retorted: "Women's words are profound, which can be enjoyed in prosperous times, can eliminate disasters in troubled times, can make the beauty avoid disasters, can scold the beauty for innocence, and have high edible value. Our descendant, our uncle Liu Bei in the Three Kingdoms, spent a day in Orion's Liu Anfu. He was hungry and had no meat, so he killed his wife and used meat to make up for his uncle's vitality. Isn't it more beneficial to women? "
That night, the aristocrat drowned himself. The king of Chu was naturally rewarded, and the noble family was in high spirits.
Since then, there have been many funerals in the palace, and hanging poles in the pool have jumped off the building. However, many of them died of malnutrition caused by long-term dieting. At that time, the Chu Palace became a beautiful tomb. At first, the king of Chu returned the reward. Later, when I saw more, I left the palace full of yellow flowers and let it wither. In less than a year, the remaining 3,000 beautiful women are less than 30.
Later, the king of Chu fell in love with a thin waist above the court. The ministers looked at the harem in the distance, and the rabbit died in sadness and fear. An old minister tried to stop the king of Chu from breaking the car. Although the ministers in the DPRK criticized it, they were afraid of your majesty and did not dare to say anything.
Every morning, before the minister goes to court, he will kneel on the ground, let the four servants gird his waist with silks, then help him up, stand up straight, only dare to stand up, dare not sit down, and only dare to speak in a low voice. In court, the east wind is coming, and everyone is leaning west. The west wind is coming. Like two rows of rice, the king of Chu smiled and the ministers could only accompany him.
On this day, ministers were in court when suddenly a snake crawled in from outside the palace gate. A snake came in, to be exact. Its body only has its tail on the ground and rushes into the palace with its head held high. The ministers froze for a while, then they shouted for a fight, but the snake opened its mouth. The snake said, "The waist gauge is official. This is what the king said. If you hit me, you will have a hard time with the king. I see who dares! " Say and open five eyes, Bai Sensen fangs also yi out. The ministers looked at each other, but no one moved, so the snake climbed all the way to the king of Chu. "Your Majesty is wise!" The snake said, "I am so excited to hear that the king has a thin waist." Lord, let me sing and dance for your birthday! " "Say, he twisted his body and screamed:" The waist is fine, the waist is fine, it is good to come! "At first, the king of Chu thought the snake was ugly and annoyed. This is flattery, and his heart is greatly refreshed. After watching the snake's performance, the more you watch it, the more pleasing it is. He smiled and said, "It's rare that you are loyal. Come on, what kind of official do you want to be? ""My waist is the thinnest, so I want to stand closest to the king. " With that, the snake stood in front of the Prime Minister. Ministers opened their mouths in surprise. Recently, several ministers who were beheaded were also full of complaints about water, but when they looked up and saw the king happy, they shut up. The ministers who stood at the bottom with thick waists were all eager for an opportunity to vent, and they all laughed, so the snake became the first of all officials without any dispute.
The land of Chu is hot and humid, with lush vegetation and rich snakes. In recent years, the princes have been fighting for hegemony and wars have continued. Hungry people catch snakes to satisfy their hunger. Snakes have a hard time in the country. Suddenly, I heard that similar people have become big officials in North Korea. Every day, they have enough food such as eggs and frogs. How can they not be moved? So, everyone met on a sunny day and came to the palace happily.
On this day, the king of Chu sat on the dragon pier, eating melon seeds, and listening to a minister's moan and memorial. Suddenly, he saw a dark cloud outside the palace gate. When he looked carefully, thousands of snakes, thick and thin, black and white, hissed at him together. "ouch!" He gave a cry and a hand full of melon seeds fell to the ground. Ministers turned to look at each other, sighed and fled to the harem. How can they resist girding, but they just can't hold on? They poured a large piece like harvesting crops, and the snake didn't mind, so it climbed in directly from the ministers. The king of Chu was too scared to move. The first black snake said, "Your Majesty, you miss us too much. We are all here to serve you. " The king of Chu was speechless. The sealed snake replied, "well, your majesty is so happy." We will support each other in the future. " "Of course." Said the snake. The black snake added, "I heard that the harem of the King of Chu fell, so we specially selected a group of beautiful snakes. Please have a look! " After that, dozens of patterned snakes gathered in front of the king of Chu, desperately twisting their waists and grinning and saying, "We are willing to die for the king of Chu!" " The king of Chu still didn't answer. A few beautiful snakes have been flower protectors, so they wrapped them up and got together. One of them said, "Your waist is thin, but your own waist is too thick. Sisters, we should share our worries for your king. " As he spoke, he wrapped it. The king of Chu only felt that his limbs were frozen, his tongue was numb, he could not move or scream, and the snake tossed him around.