Carrying out the Northern Expedition, overthrowing the reactionary rule of the northern warlords supported by imperialism, completing the national revolution and realizing the independence and reunification of the country were the slogans and revolutionary goals put forward by Sun Yat-sen before his death, and were the aspirations of the people of the whole country. However, until the death of Sun Yat-sen, this wish was not realized. This historical task is jointly undertaken by China producers and the Revolutionary Kuomintang under the banner of ethnic cooperation.
1926 February, a special meeting of the Central Committee of China was held in Beijing. The meeting pointed out: "the main political task of the party at present is to prepare for the northern expedition of the Guangdong government in all aspects; The program of the Northern Expedition must be based on solving farmers' problems. "The meeting also decided to set up the Central Military Commission to strengthen the party's military work. Subsequently, the Central Committee established the Ministry of Military Affairs.
1At the beginning of May, 926, the Guangdong Revolutionary Government sent the Ye Ting Independent Regiment of the Fourth Army and the Seventh Army of the National Revolutionary Army as the advance party of the Northern Expedition, starting from Zhaoqing, Guangdong, and advancing into Hunan, which started the Northern Expedition.
1 In July, the Guangdong Revolutionary Government swore an oath of Northern Expedition in Guangzhou. On the 9th, the Northern Expedition officially began with the slogan "Down with the great powers, except the warlords". The National Revolutionary Army participated in the Northern Expedition. There were eight armies with about 100,000 people, with Chiang Kai-shek as the commander-in-chief. In the Northern Expedition Army, a large number of party member served as party representatives or political officers at all levels, or as grassroots commanders. Some famous * * * party member, such as Li Fuchun, Zhu, the Third Army, Luo Han, Lin, the Sixth Army and Xiao, are representatives of the Sixth Division of the Second Army. At the same time, China * * * production party organizations at all levels also organized and armed a large number of farmers' self-defense forces and workers' pickets to coordinate and support the actions of the Northern Expeditionary Army.
12 July and 14 June, respectively, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Kuomintang Central Committee published the Opinions of the Producers' Party of China on the Current Situation and the Declaration on the Departure of the Northern Expedition, calling on the people of the whole country to support the Northern Expedition of the National Revolutionary Army.
The main targets of the Northern Expedition were three northern warlords: First, the first line of Wu occupied parts of Hunan, Hubei, Henan, Anhui and Hebei, with about 200,000 troops; Second, Sun, divided into his own factions according to the direct line, divided into Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi and Fujian provinces, with a force of about 200,000; Third, it is subordinate to Zhang and controls the three northeastern provinces, Jehol, Chahar, Beijing, Tianjin and Shandong, with a force of about 300,000.
The Northern Expeditionary Army first concentrated its forces to attack Wu and his men who were on the same battlefield. After the official start of the Northern Expedition, the National Revolutionary Army in Lianke Changsha, Pingjiang and Yueyang won the key battles on the battlefield between the two lakes at the end of August-the Battle of Tingsiqiao and the Battle of Heshengqiao. On June+10, 5438, the Northern Expeditionary Army arrived in Wuhan, occupied Wuchang, Hanyang and Hankou successively, and wiped out the main force of Wu Department.
At the same time, with the help of the Soviet Union and China, on September 17 of the same year, the national army with Feng Yuxiang as commander-in-chief took an oath in Wuyuan, Suiyuan, announcing that the whole army had joined the Kuomintang and led his troops into Shaanxi and Henan, effectively cooperating with the Northern Expedition to attack Henan.
After the Northern Expeditionary Army won the victory in the two lakes battlefield, it turned to Jiangxi battlefield to attack Sun and his men. 1 1, the Northern Expeditionary Army attacked Nanxun Road, annihilated Sun's main force, occupied Nanchang and Jiujiang, and then captured Fujian and Zhejiang. 1In late March of 927, Anqing and Nanjing successively fell. On March 2 1 day, in order to cooperate with the Northern Expeditionary Army to March into Shanghai, China's * * * production party led Shanghai workers to win the third armed uprising and occupied Shanghai. At this point, the area south of the Yangtze River was completely controlled by the Northern Expeditionary Army.
In the Northern Expedition, the China Production Party led the workers and peasants to resist Japan, and effectively cooperated with the Northern Expedition. /kloc-at the beginning of 0/927, workers in Hankou and Jiujiang recovered the British Concessions in Hankou and Jiujiang. From the autumn of 1926 to the spring of 1927, Shanghai workers led by the Central Committee and the Shanghai District Committee held three armed uprisings. The peasant movement has also flourished, forming an unprecedented rural revolutionary situation.
Producers such as Lin, Zhang, Deng Zhongxia, Hui, Li Fuchun, Nie, Jiang Xianyun actually led all the political work of the Northern Expedition and played an important role in the successful March of the Northern Expedition.
The Northern Expedition was a revolutionary and just war between the two parties. The two parties unite and cooperate and unite against the enemy. The soldiers of the Northern Expeditionary Army fought bravely and exchanged their blood and lives for brilliant results. In less than 10 months, the Northern Expeditionary Army moved from Guangzhou to Wuhan, Shanghai and Nanjing, defeated two warlords and wiped out hundreds of thousands of enemies. An unprecedented people's revolutionary war swept over most of China, writing a glorious chapter in the history of China's revolution.
1April 927 12, the new Kuomintang warlord, represented by Chiang Kai-shek, betrayed the revolution and launched a counter-revolutionary coup, which caused the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal Northern Expedition to die halfway and the great revolution to fail.