1. Throughout the history of China, almost 100% of the war failures were due to being outnumbered, running out of ammunition and food, and backward weapons.

This is determined by the quality and high vision of analysts. It is too hasty to analyze a battle that decided the direction of China's modern history with such a simple reason.

3. In history, there are countless examples of battles in which the weak win over the strong and the few win over the many. There are also many examples where weapons are backward, systems are backward, productivity is backward, and armed forces rarely defeat powerful opponents. Xiongnu, Turkic, Tubo, Mongolia, Tangut in Xixia, Liaojin and Manchu are all famous for attacking the Central Plains regime.

4. clausewitz concluded in On War that war is a continuation of politics, and it is impossible to understand the true meaning of war without analyzing it from a political perspective.

In fact, it is only a matter of time before the Qing regime collapsed in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement. The fighting capacity of government forces-Eight Banners Army and green camp Army is equal to zero. As a result, Zeng Guofan took the lead in implementing the mouse club system widely used in pyramid schemes. In Yongying, you can let 65,438+000 people go offline as sentries, and you can let 300 people be camp officers. It is said that it is armed by the government, but it actually belongs to the private property of officers. Even the military titles are branded with personal marks "Qing Zi camp" and "Ziming camp" ... The officers of these troops are the so-called warlords.

6. beiyang fleet is more like Li Hongzhang's private fleet than the navy of the Qing government. Only take orders from Li Hongzhang. Private ownership in the army is not used for war. The army is just a symbol of strength. You can have as many official positions, enjoy as many privileges, and gain as much as you have strength.

7, so the military training, strategy and tactics, weapons update and maintenance, fighting will ... nothing matters, as long as there is scale, it can fool people. The so-called beiyang fleet is actually just a paper tiger.

8. In Dadonggou, from the beginning to the encounter, beiyang fleet never wanted to fight. The reason is the same as above-beiyang fleet is not used for fighting, but an important weight for Li Hongzhang's struggle for power. Therefore, from beginning to end, beiyang fleet has been passively avoiding war.

9. When beiyang fleet went to war, he used the bow of the ship to fly wild array against the enemy. Advantages: the probability of being hit by enemy fire is reduced. Disadvantages: you can only shoot with a bow gun, and you can only play one-third of your firepower. Reason: I just want to save my life and don't want to fight.

10, the first time the flagship fired, it smashed the bridge, causing the commander-in-chief to lose his command ability, which is ridiculous. Note: The flagship may be pasted, and the flagship artillery has never been used, or almost never used. This shows how low the training of the whole fleet is!