After weakness, qi proposed? Respect the king and oppose the foreign countries? , opened the road to hegemony, became the first tyrant in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was a veritable supreme leader at that time. After the state of Qi, all the overlords of the past dynasties learned from the State of Qi and crusaded against non-ministers under the slogan of respecting the king and resisting foreign countries. Therefore, the hegemony of the State of Qi has a high gold content.
Unlike the state of Qi, the State of Jin has no political slogans, but it is very powerful, leading the governors to suppress it? Barbarians? Qin Chu and China have been together for more than one hundred years. Almost at the same time, the war between Jin and Qin for hegemony broke out in Jin, which lasted for one hundred years. It can be said that if the State of Jin does not die, it is likely that the State of Jin will unify China. So, why is Kim's military strength so strong?
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Chu and Qin were excluded from the cultural circle of China. In addition to Qin Chu's living habits and customs, there is Qin Chu's defiant war.
At that time, great attention was paid to the etiquette of war, and it was required to fight in an open position, for example, not to intercept the grain route, not to sneak attack, and not to be nameless. , and Qin Chu often don't keep etiquette, angered the central plains governors, so Qin Chu was classified as barbarians. Before he ascended the throne, when Song and Chu competed for hegemony, they obeyed the etiquette, while the king of Chu not only took hostages during the alliance, but also captured them and imprisoned them in Chu, and was unexpectedly defeated in the later war, which seriously violated the etiquette of war, so he was despised by the governors. Song Xiang's benevolence? Now it is an ironic allusion, but at that time it was a commendatory term. In addition, the reason why Sun Wu's art of war was not famous at that time was related to war etiquette, because of Sun Tzu's art of war thought? Soldiers, cunning way? , intrigue, against the etiquette of war, naturally rejected.
Although Qin Chu and China are located in the Central Plains, they occupy geographical advantages. There is a large space in the west of Qin, and a large space in the south of Chu. Qin Chu is located on the edge of the Chinese cultural circle, but it avoids the disputes between the princes in the Central Plains and can quietly expand its strength. With the beginning of hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period, after Qi became the first overlord, Qin Chu, which was already very powerful, could not help but start to dominate the world. It's a pity that Qin Chu met the State of Jin.
Chu Jin's hegemony, a * * *, broke out 1 1 war, and the state of Jin was 9 wins and 2 losses, including the battle of Chengpu in 632 BC, the battle of Chu in 597 BC and the battle of Yanling in 575 BC.
In the era of Jin Wengong, the battle between Chengpu and Chu Jin was a classic example of winning more with less, including? Barbarians? Chu went north and laid the hegemony of Jin in one fell swoop. Now, we are familiar with allusions? Stay out of it? , originated from the first world war.
In the era of Duke Jing of Jin, Chu Zhuangwang once again challenged the State of Jin, and war broke out between the two sides? The battle of battle? Due to the discord between the generals of the State of Jin, the Chu army launched a surprise attack and defeated the State of Jin in one fell swoop, making Chu Zhuangwang one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. However, in this battle, the state of Jin killed the pioneer company of the Chu army and captured his younger brother, with limited losses, and did not damage the vitality of the state of Jin. Since then, it has continued to compete with Chu for hegemony.
The battle of battle? In fact, the failure of the state of Jin has a historical background. At that time, in order to deal with the state of Jin, Qin Chu and China became allies. Later, the State of Qin also returned the captured Chu army to the State of Chu. The State of Qin has been harassing the State of Jin, attracting a large number of troops. In addition, Chu and Qi are allies, and the military pressure of Jin is very great. So? The battle of battle? China's Chu State is facing A Jin, whose strength is still very weak.
However, once Jin got serious and solved his worries, Chu immediately showed his true colors. ? The battle of battle? Later, the State of Jin forced the State of Qi to submit by force, which broke the Qi-Chu alliance and defeated the Western State of Qin. After solving the worries to a certain extent, in 583, Chu defeated Cai in the battle of attacking Chu and breaking Shen, in 585, in the battle of the corner and in 575, in the battle of Yanling.
Chu Jin's hegemony lasted for a long time, lasting more than one hundred years. The whole state of Chu was suppressed by the state of Jin, and it was almost constant fighting and failure.
In 546 BC, in order to eliminate the war, Song called Chu Jin Meng Hui, and seventeen countries including Jin, Chu, Qi and Qin responded. In the following five years, there was no war in the Central Plains. However, due to the autocratic power of six domestic ministers, the State of Jin fought endlessly with each other, so it was necessary to stop the foreign struggle, and Chu Jin's hegemony came to an end.
The hegemony is over, but in fact the struggle between Jin and Chu is still going on. After the defeat of the Battle of Yanling, the State of Jin adopted a new strategy to support the State of Wu with the same surname to contain the State of Chu. North? Northeast? East? The three parties formed a siege of Chu. In the battle of Wu and Chu in history, the state of Wu was in full swing and conquered the capital of Chu in one fell swoop. The reason why the State of Wu was so smooth was not only the support of the State of Jin, but also the invasion of Chu by the 19 allied forces led by the State of Jin, which consumed Chu's war potential. In the second half of the war, Qin sent troops to support Chu because it didn't want Chu to perish.
Besides Chu Jin's hegemony, does the State of Jin have to face a hegemonist? State of Qin.
In 627 BC, the Battle of the Battle? This outbreak announced the beginning of Jin-Qin hegemony. Qin Mugong took advantage of Jin Wengong's death, and the State of Jin had no time to take care of his ministers, so he sent troops to raid the State of Zheng. However, because patriotic businessmen discovered the goal of Qin State, Zheng was prepared, so he moved his troops back to China, but on the way, he encountered the State of Jin, and the whole army was wiped out. The three commanders were captured and suffered heavy losses.
After the First World War, the good of Qin and Jin became the bad of Qin Jin, and the Qin Jin League collapsed. In order to contain the attack on the State of Jin, the State of Qin immediately released the captured generals of Chu and formed an alliance with Chu to jointly fight against the State of Jin. At this time, the situation in the State of Jin was extremely grim. The alliance of Qi and Chu, Qin Chu and Qin Dirong were all aimed at containing and suppressing the State of Jin.
Three years later, the Battle of Wang Guan broke out in Qin Jin, and Qin Mugong personally led an army to attack the State of Jin. However, the situation in Jin State is grim and there are too many strong enemies. In order to avoid a decisive battle with Qin Jun, he refused to fight in the city, and finally Qin Jun won without fighting. This victory is one of the important reasons why Qin Mugong became the hegemon.
But like Chu, once Jin became serious, Qin was exposed. In the next 70 years, more than ten wars broke out and Qin lost more than one time. Especially in 578 BC, the battle between horses and tunnels took place in Qin (now Xianyang). Jin gathered a group of governors to punish Qin's barbarism, and finally Qin Jun was defeated. After more than ten years, Qin did not dare to attack Shanxi, and it was no longer a threat to the western part of Shanxi.
Since then, many wars have broken out in Qin Jin, but the State of Jin firmly blocked the State of Qin in the west of Hanguguan and Taolinsai, allowing the State of Qin to concentrate on dominating the west.
It can be seen that the road to hegemony in Jin State is very difficult. In the face of the siege of Qin, Chu, Qi and Di, Qin Chuqi was firmly suppressed, thus dominating the Central Plains for more than a hundred years, which had to make people gasp in admiration. Qin Chu's victory over the State of Jin was in the absence of the main force of the State of Jin, and no country dared to face the main force of the State of Jin, so the two countries made a surprise victory. It can be said that Jin was the first powerful country in the Spring and Autumn Period, while Qin, Chu and Qi were only the second powerful countries. If we face the state of Jin alone, there is only one way to defeat it.
So, why is the state of Jin so powerful? This is inseparable from the military system of Jin State. The military system of the Zhou Dynasty consists of six levels: army, division, brigade, pawn, second army and fifth army. First Army12,500 people, 5 divisions. Six armies of Zhou royal family, three armies of big princes, two armies of two countries and one army of small countries. But the third army first, and then the third army. Like the Zhou royal family, they are all the sixth army. More crucially, some scholars have found that the military establishment of Jin State is very huge. Although there are three or six armies, the strength of each army far exceeds 1.25 million, and some even speculate that it exceeds 30 thousand. Of course, in order to show the superficial etiquette, the princes generally did not exceed the six armies of the emperor, but the actual strength of each army exceeded the standard, but the state of Jin was even more exaggerated.
Unfortunately, Jin Wengong implemented the system of six ministers of the three armed forces, which made the State of Jin strong. However, the six ministers became increasingly powerful, and the royal family was shelved and could not control the situation. As a result, the powerful Jin State had to withdraw from hegemony because of infighting. Finally, Han, Zhao and Wei were divided into the Jin State, which opened the prelude to the Warring States and destroyed the Jin State. Even if Jin State is divided into Korea, Zhao and Wei, it is the Warring States. So if the State of Jin was not divided, it is estimated that the State of Jin unified China, not Qin.
In short, if the overlord with the highest gold content in the Spring and Autumn Period is undoubtedly the State of Jin, followed by the State of Qi. As for Qin Mugong, Chu Zhuangwang, Song Xianggong, etc. They only dominated for a while at most, while the state of Jin dominated for more than a hundred years. More importantly, the state of Jin generally abides by the etiquette of the Spring and Autumn Period, so the governors are amazed at the hegemony. Qin Chu is a barbarian in the eyes of the central plains governors, which is not convincing at all.