Liu Bocheng, formerly known as Zhao Ming, was born in a poor peasant family in Zhangjiaba, Kaixian County, Sichuan Province. I went to a private school, a high school and a public middle school. When the Revolution of 1911 broke out, Liu Bocheng 19 years old. He immediately joined the struggle to overthrow feudal rule, joined the student army, entered a crash course in Chongqing Army Distribution School the following year, and was assigned to the Fifth Division of Shu Army as a purser after graduation. After the war to defend the country broke out, he became a platoon leader again. Because of his bravery, he was promoted to company commander by the fire line, but the Shu army was quickly defeated by Yuan Shikai's army, and even the commander-in-chief of the Shu army who commanded Yuan was beaten away. The troops were separated and Liu Bocheng went home to take refuge. Soon, Liu Bocheng, eager to save the country, came out to take part in the revolutionary struggle. 19 16 years, in the struggle for Yuan's protection of the country, Liu Bocheng organized the fourth detachment of the Sichuan National Protection Army, which soon grew to more than 2,000 people. He led the army to capture Fengdu, and was seriously injured and lost his right eye in the counterattack of the reactionary army. However, Liu Bocheng, who was only 24 years old, lost his reputation as a famous Sichuan Army soldier because of his good command and fierce fighting. Liu Bocheng fought in the Sichuan Army for ten years, participated in the war to protect the country and protect the law, and also participated in the war between warlords. He was deeply disturbed to see that the war had brought pain and disaster to the people. 1926, under the guidance of Wu and others, Liu Bocheng accepted Marxism and joined the producers' party of China. Entrusted by the Party, he and Yang Zhangong organized uprisings in Shanghai and Shunyi to cooperate with the Northern Expedition. After Chiang Kai-shek rebelled against the revolution and the cooperation between the two countries broke down, Liu Bocheng, under the instructions of the Party, went from eastern Sichuan to Nanchang and organized Nanchang Uprising with Zhu De and other generals. After the failure of the uprising, Liu Bocheng and others sneaked into Hong Kong and moved to Shanghai in the winter of 1927. While hiding in Shanghai, Liu Bocheng, who was wanted, was reported by his son who was infected with bad habits and was arrested many times. Under the arrangement of the Party organization, Liu Bocheng went to study in the Soviet Union and escaped the pursuit of reactionaries. After returning from the Soviet Union, Liu Bocheng served as the chief of staff of the Central Military Commission, assisting Zhou Enlai and Zhu De in directing the fourth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" and winning. Facing the "Left" line and Li De's blind command, Liu Bocheng dared to stand up and fight. He warned Li De: "If we don't stop this tactic of fighting for consumption and adopt flexible policies, the base areas will be lost and the Red Army will fight for it, and we will become sinners through the ages." His correct opinion was not only ignored, but also removed from the post of chief of staff. The Red Army began to learn from its bitter defeat. 1935+ 10 In June, after the Red Army laid Zunyi, an emergency meeting of the Central Committee was held. Liu Bocheng firmly supports Mao Zedong's correct opinion. After Mao Zedong presided over the work of the Central Military Commission, Liu Bocheng's military road gradually became prosperous. On the way to the Long March, at every critical moment, he always came to the front line to command. There are hundreds of thousands of pursuers behind, and there is the Jinsha River natural barrier in front. Many people are afraid that the troops can't cross the river, but Mao Zedong said humorously: "Comrade Zhu De said that Sichuan called Liu Bocheng a dragon, so how can this river stop the dragon?" He will take us there! "Liu Bocheng really lived up to expectations and made the army cross the river safely. He also organized major military operations such as outwitting Zunyi, crossing the Dadu River and crossing ethnic minority areas, and made immortal contributions to the Red Army's Long March. Liu Bocheng, the commander of the129th Division in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and Deng Xiaoping, the political commissar, went deep behind enemy lines, established the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Anti-Japanese base area in Taihang Mountain, organized and commanded raids on Yangming Fort, ambushed Shentouling and Qigen Village in Sheng Qiao, shattered the Japanese siege on the 9th route and broke the "encirclement and suppression" on the 13th route. On the eve of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he led a large-scale counterattack against the Japanese invaders, annihilating more than 50,000 yuan and recovering 59 counties. During the War of Liberation, Liu Bocheng was the commander of the Second Field Army. He organized the Shangdang Campaign and wiped out thirteen enemy divisions. Then the Battle of Tieping Han wiped out two enemy troops, then fought Longhai, made a plan, sent troops south, and jumped thousands of miles into Dabie Mountain according to Mao Zedong's deployment, which laid the foundation for the victory of the Liberation War. The East China Field Army in Liu Bocheng and Chen Yi organized the Huaihai Campaign, which wiped out more than 550,000 people in one fell swoop. It laid the foundation for national victory. Then cross the river, capture Nanjing, go south, and liberate East China and Southwest China. After the national liberation, Liu Bocheng resigned as the chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Committee and founded the Military Academy of the People's Liberation Army in China, which made active efforts for the normalization and modernization of the army. Liu Bocheng served as the president of the Military Academy for more than seven years. He often personally examines textbooks, participates in exercises, and gradually improves the establishment and curriculum of military schools. However, just as Liu Shuai was working hard for military education, an unfair blow struck him. /kloc-in the summer of 0/958, the 66-year-old marshal fought against dogmatism. One day in July, at the meeting of thousands of people in Huairentang, Liu Shuai, who had a high fever of 39 degrees, was recalled to Beijing for reexamination. After more than ten years, the old marshal lost the joy brought by the victory of the war and often remained silent. However, he still cares about the construction of the army and the country. His unjust history has already reached a fair conclusion, and his achievements and contributions will be recorded in history forever. Liu Shuai's rough experience made his life more legendary.

A clever plan beats Sun Wu.

Liu Bocheng was born in the army and has been a soldier all his life. He led troops to fight, not only brave but also resourceful. In the Sichuan army, he has a reputation as a great soldier. After joining the revolutionary ranks, he was good at learning and thinking, which made his command art gradually reach a superb level. On the way of the Red Army's Long March, a series of war miracles, such as outwitting Zunyi City, crossing Liangshan Mountain, crossing Dadu River and flying over Huding Bridge, were created by the advance team under the command of Liu Bocheng. In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Liu Bocheng led the Eighth Route Army129th Division into Shanxi's anti-Japanese front. He took advantage of the slight paralysis of the Japanese army to send a battalion to attack Yangmingbao Airport at night and achieved the record of blowing up dozens of enemy planes. In order to effectively destroy the Japanese army, he skillfully laid an ambush in Shentouling by siege, and attacked Lucheng to lure the enemy to help, killing more than 1,000 people in one fell swoop. In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, he made great achievements. He took advantage of the military taboo and ambushed in the front of Qigen village in Shanxi twice, so that the Japanese army lost more than 100 lives in vain. In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the strength of the enemy and ourselves is far from each other, so our army often adopts guerrilla tactics. Liu Bocheng took the command art of guerrilla warfare to the extreme. He said: "in guerrilla warfare,' swimming' is maneuvering, and' striking' is destroying the enemy; Swimming is to cover up your weaknesses and find the weaknesses of the enemy, while' striking' is to give play to your strengths and put aside the strengths of the enemy. " He summed up a series of concise and effective guerrilla warfare tactics, such as "attacking one point, absorbing its help, gnawing at one side and breaking the other"; "Die Hard Rowen" and "Take out the bottom of the pot"; "wolf tactics", "sparrow tactics" and "wasp tactics"; There are also "dragging the knife", "killing the carbine" and "sucking the enemy to help the enemy" and so on. In the War of Liberation, Liu Bocheng's art of conducting reached perfection. Joining the Party in World War I wiped out more than 30,000 people in 13 divisions and dealt a blow to the Kuomintang troops who went to the liberated areas to seize territory. Fighting Han again and wiping out the enemy's two armies strongly supported Mao Zedong's Chongqing merchants. Then, on the orders of the Central Committee, they marched eastward, then went to Dingtao, fought Juye and hua county, and killed the Kuomintang army, winning all five wars and annihilating ten and a half brigades, accounting for more than 70,000 people. Leaping thousands of miles into Dabie Mountain should be said to be a masterpiece of Liu Bocheng's military command art. This war is not so much a battle of wits as a battle of wits. At that time, the People's Liberation Army was still at a disadvantage. The Second Field Army left the base area and advanced into Lu Yu. Lu Yu was already under the tiger and the wolf. In order to cover up the real attempt to use troops, Liu Bocheng commanded the army to make many "fake" moves and led the enemy astray. Liu Bocheng first commanded the army to fight the southwest of Shandong, making the enemy mistakenly think that our army was going to seize Longhai, so he transferred troops to defend; Subsequently, he ordered the troops to feint at the Yellow River ferry, causing the northward troops to return to the base area. Chiang Kai-shek immediately transferred 30 brigades to Yuncheng and Juye. However, Liu Deng's army moved in the opposite direction, got rid of the home front, pushed south, and did not fight in the home front at all. At this time, Chiang Kai-shek believed that Liu Deng's troops were forced to flee to the south when they could not cross the river. When Liu Deng's army crossed the Vortex River, Shahe River and Yellow River, Jiang Jun understood our intention, but it was too late. After our army advanced into Dabie Mountain, it was like wedging a steel nail in the enemy's abdomen, which made Chiang Kai-shek feel deeply uneasy at any time. This action contained 90 of the 160 brigades of Chiang Kai-shek's army on the southern line. It laid the foundation for the victory of the war of liberation.

Diligent thinking and good study make a Confucian general

Liu Bocheng

Liu Bocheng worked hard all his life, which not only enabled him to complete the progress from a soldier to a marshal, but also became a proletarian strategist, known as a "Confucian general". Among the generals of our army, Liu Bocheng is famous for his diligence. He admired the spirit of hard struggle of the ancients since he was a child. When studying in a private school, he is often the first to arrive and the last to leave. He recited not only the text, but also the notes. In middle school and military school, he was more diligent, so that he made outstanding achievements in all subjects. After entering the army, he still did not forget to study. After the failure of the Great Revolution, Liu Bocheng, a Party member, went to study in the Soviet Union and was thirty-six years old when he entered the Soviet Red Army Advanced School. It is quite difficult to learn a foreign language at this age. However, he started with letters and pronunciations, and it took him more than two years to conquer the foreign language barrier, and he achieved excellent results in Russian and various subjects. By the time he graduated, he was ready to translate Russian military theoretical works. After returning to China, he became the first translation section chief of our army. With the help of Russian tools, he systematically studied the history of the Roman War, the Napoleonic War and the Russo-Japanese War. Broaden his military vision. He also systematically studied Soviet laws, regulations and operational theories, and increased his knowledge of army regularization and modern warfare. During the revolutionary war years, Liu Bocheng spent most of his time at the front. He often detained the art of war in the rain of bullets, put life and death aside and devoted himself to the art of war. Endless gunfire often accompanies his study of the art of war. For example, in 194 1 year, the Eighth Route Army Headquarters sent a translation of the contract and tactics for Liu Bocheng to revise. A year later, the translation was revised and copied. Liu Bocheng wrote in the preface: "In the process of revision, this book experienced three counter-sweeps." . At that time, it was in the most cruel stage in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and there were wars almost every day. It was during this period that Comrade Zuo Quan died. Even so, Liu Bocheng did not forget to revise, and he regarded revision as a learning task. After that, I sent the translation of the second half of the contract tactics to Liu Bocheng. After the revision and copying, Liu Bocheng wrote in the preface: "When I went to the front line of the patriotic self-defense war, I took this contract tactic and its translation with me, and I really began to correct and supplement the translation. Fortunately, with the urging of enemy planes and artillery tanks and the help of my staff comrades, ... all the work before the war was completed. " People's Daily reported: "General Liu Bocheng completed the proofreading and translation of the second half of Contract Tactics in the army, with a total of100000 words. This is another great contribution of General Liu in annihilating Chiang Kai-shek 1 1 brigade within 100 days. ..... In a hundred days, General Liu galloped across the Hebei-Shandong-Henan Plain, winning five battles and winning five battles, with an average of one battle every twenty days. " "In the extremely busy self-defense war, General Liu took a break and immediately began to proofread the translation." Liu Bocheng's study also lies in his summary and reflection on the war experience. He never let go of any influential war or battle, thinking that there was experience and education made of blood and life. From the failure of the Nanchang Uprising to the major battles and battles in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Liberation War, Liu Bocheng often made systematic reflections and summaries. He stressed that "the use of troops should proceed from reality and make the subjective conform to the objective." Liu Bocheng assiduously studied military theories at all times and at all times, at home and abroad, and conscientiously summed up practical experience, which enabled him to form his own unique military theory. He put forward the vivid "five elements", taking our army as the main body of the war, taking the task as the center, taking the enemy's situation as the premise and taking time and terrain as the material conditions. He often said: "The five elements are uncertain and lose their purity." He devoted his life to forming a systematic military theory. For Liu Bocheng's efforts, Zhu De praised: "Study hard and never tire of learning." Marshal Chen Yi praised: "Study hard, dream hard, work hard and live hard". Even the senior generals of the Kuomintang said with emotion, "Liu Bocheng is honest and open-minded, and constantly seeks knowledge. Compared with the generals of the Kuomintang, he really stands out from the crowd. "

Strive to run education well.

"Running the army must run the school first" is a famous saying of Liu Bocheng, and he is also practicing it. Struggled for it all his life. As early as in the Central Soviet Area, he served as the principal and political commissar of the Red Army School. On the way to the Long March, he served as the chief of staff of the Central Red Army, and successively served as the chairman of the Red Second Army and the Fourth Army. After arriving in northern Shaanxi, he served as vice president of the Central Red Army University during the busy war command. In the war of liberation, he led a great army to fight in the south and the north. While serving as the commander of the Second Field Army, he also served as the president and political commissar of the Second Field Army University. While directing the war, he also taught in person and appeared in front of the students as an instructor. After the national liberation, Liu Bocheng became the first chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Committee. He accepted the task of running a school, resigned from his military and political post, and founded the Military Academy of China People's Liberation Army. He served as the first principal and later as the principal and political commissar. In the early days of liberation, under the difficult environment of doing everything by himself, he strongly supported the sick and explored the way to run a high-level military command college under the new historical conditions with teachers and cadres. He worked hard to select teachers, carefully studied and determined the policy of running a school, and examined textbooks item by item. The school-running policy formed by our army in a peaceful environment, the curriculum and content selection of senior military schools are all condensed with the painstaking efforts of Marshal Liu Bocheng. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Liu Bocheng presided over the military academy for more than seven years and made immortal contributions to military education. In the process of running a school, Liu Bocheng advocated a good style of study and school spirit. School spirit is an important environment for educating people, and study style is an important condition for growth. In order to make the newly established school form a good atmosphere as soon as possible, he made the school establish complete standardized rules and regulations in a short time, and only through strict management can the implementation of these systems be guaranteed. In order to meet the needs of modernization and regularization, Liu Bocheng personally examined and approved the teaching content and teaching policy. He put forward the training guiding principle of "tactics are warp, technology is weft, warp and weft are intertwined, and vertical and horizontal links are woven together", forming a whole. He emphasized that training and bringing up commanders who are good at organizing and directing the coordinated actions of modern services and arms is the training goal of senior military command colleges. Running a school is inseparable from teachers. He proposed and adopted such methods as "crash" and "quick operation" to improve teachers' professional level, advocated "respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching" and promoted teachers to love teaching work. Liu Bocheng is very concerned about teaching materials. He advocates that the teaching materials should be few and precise, and the content should be prepared correctly. He asked for proper formulation, scientific language preparation and no mistakes in punctuation. He often pays attention to the compilation, translation, proofreading and publication of teaching materials in his busy schedule. In order to form a good school atmosphere and leadership style, he advocated "everyone should be the dean" and "deacons should do their own things". Advocate "* * * to study politics together and study their own careers; Unified and centralized leadership, straight to the grassroots; Centralized leadership and division of responsibilities ". Liu Bocheng has made remarkable achievements in running schools. Mao Zedong affirmed Liu Bocheng's achievements in "Instructions for Military Schools". He said: "The establishment of military schools and their education for more than a year have made important contributions to the construction of standardized and modern national defense forces." To sum up, it is not too much to describe Liu Bocheng's contribution to military education with the words "the pioneer of our military academy" and "the father of our military academy". Liu Bocheng read through all the military works at home and abroad, combined with the practice of China's revolutionary war, studied Marxist military theory, and had a unique exposition on guerrilla warfare, mobile warfare, positional warfare and headquarters work. His military strategy and command art are important contributions to Mao Zedong's military thought. His major military works have been included in Selected Military Works of Liu Bocheng. He also translated many Soviet military works. [ 1]? [2]? [3]?

all one's life

With Deng Xiaoping.

Comrade Liu Bocheng is the marshal of the people of China (1955). Military strategist. Liu was originally named Bocheng. 189265438+Born in Zhaojiachang, Kaixian County, Sichuan Province on February 4th. He went to a private school at the age of 5, and began to receive new education at the age of 12. /kloc-at the age of 0/5, due to his father's death and family difficulties, he was forced to drop out of school to work in agriculture and determined to "save the people from fire and water". 19 1 1 year, when the storm of the revolution of 1911 swept the land of China, he resolutely chose the road of joining the army. At that time, many relatives and friends disapproved of this move, but he generously replied: "A gentleman saves the people from fire and water, regardless of wealth?" He cut off his pigtails and devoted himself to the democratic revolution led by Sun Yat-sen with the firm belief of Qiang Bing, a rich country. 19 12 In February, I was admitted to the distribution school run by the Shu military government in Chongqing to study various modern military courses. At the same time, he is familiar with China's ancient art books, and can recite many classic chapters such as Sun Tzu and Woods. During the 10 months in Jiangshu School, he not only achieved excellent academic results, but also was famous for his decent behavior, integrity and getting rid of bad habits, and was called "Bodhisattva" in the army by his classmates. 1965438+After graduation at the end of 2002, he was assigned to the Xiong Kewu Department of Sichuan Army's 5th Division, and served as company quartermaster, platoon leader and company commander. 19 13 participated in the battle for Yuan in Sichuan. After the failure, he joined the China Revolutionary Party led by Sun Yat-sen in 19 14. 19 15 At the end of the year, he was ordered to return to Sichuan and set up a team of more than 400 people to form the 4th detachment of the National Protection Army in East Sichuan. 1965438+In March 2006, he was shot in the right eye and disabled while commanding an attack on Fengdu County. In the process of healing, in order not to damage the cranial nerve, he endured the terrible pain and insisted on not playing anesthetic. He was praised as "the god of the army" by the German doctor who was the chief surgeon. 19 17 participated in the war to protect the law, and served as the chief of staff of the 9 th Brigade of the 5 th Division of the Sichuan Army and the head of the Security Corps of the Sichuan Military Supervision Office. 1923 took part in the war against Wu, the northern warlord, and served as the commander of the East Road Thief Corps 1 Lu Jun, winning the battle to attack Longquanyi. In August, his right leg was seriously injured in the battle. During my treatment in Chengdu, I met Yang Yingong and Wu, two Sichuan-born industrialists, and began to accept Marxism. From 1924 to 10, I accompanied Wu to Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou and other places to inspect the situation of the national revolution and the social situation in China. What he saw and heard along the way strengthened his belief in capitalism. In May, 1926, introduced by Yang Yingong and Wu, officially joined the China * * * Production Party. In February 65438, he served as a member of the Military Committee of Chongqing prefectural committee and was ordered to launch the Lushun (Qing) uprising with Yang, Zhu De. Because he was familiar with the situation of the Sichuan Army and lived up to expectations, he was entrusted with the important task of "Commander-in-Chief of the Sichuan Army of the National Revolutionary Army". During the uprising of 167, he dispatched troops, advanced and retreated well, governed the country by the people, handled everything with ease, effectively cooperated with the Northern Expedition, and realized the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's strategic goal of containing the eastward advance of Sichuan warlord troops and threatening Wuhan. 1927 April, was appointed as the temporary 15 army commander by the Wuhan National Government, which was the first party member army commander position in the National Revolutionary Army. In late July, he secretly moved to Nanchang, led the Nanchang Uprising with Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting and Zhu De, and served as the chief of staff of the former enemy committee. At the end of the same year, he was sent to the Soviet Union to study military affairs. He first entered the Moscow Advanced Infantry School and then transferred to the Vorontz Military Academy. When he first arrived in the Soviet Union, in order to conquer Russian, he "regarded grammar as a string of money and new words as copper coins, which accumulated day and night; See difficulties as enemy lines, seize them day and night, and you will be able to understand Russian documents in a few months. "Xia Xuecheng returned to China in 1930, and successively served as chief of staff of the Central Military Commission, secretary and chief of staff of the Military Commission of the Yangtze River Bureau, and member of the Central Military Commission. Assist Zhou Enlai, secretary of the Central Military Commission, to handle the daily work of the Military Commission, hold short-term military training courses, and be responsible for teaching courses such as riot strategy, guerrilla warfare and mobile warfare. 1932 1 went to Ruijin, the capital of the Central Soviet Area, and served as the principal and political commissar of the Central Military and Political School. From June+10 in 5438, he served as the chief of staff of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants, assisted Zhu De and Zhou Enlai in commanding the front operations, and won the fourth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression". During this period, he wrote "Questions to be Answered by Guerrillas Now" and "Some Lessons from Guerrilla War Behind Enemy Lines", translated many Soviet textbooks and theoretical articles, and promoted the improvement of the military quality of Red Army cadres. 1934 during the fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression", Li De, a military adviser sent by * * * international company, was dismissed from his post as chief of staff and reduced to the chief of staff of the 5th Army Corps because of his dogmatism and overbearing style in operational command. At the beginning of the Long March, he assisted Dong Zhentang, the commander of the army, to perform the guard task and cover the central government's passage through the four blockade lines of the Kuomintang army. 1at the end of 934, he returned to Ren Hongjun as the chief of staff and commander of the central column. 1935 65438+ 10 commanded the advance troops to break through the Wujiang River, outsmart Zunyi and throw off the main enemy forces, thus giving the exhausted Central Red Army a rare short rest. At the Zunyi meeting, he firmly supported Mao Zedong's idea. After the meeting, he helped Mao Zedong and other organizations to command Sidu Chishui and Erjin Zunyi campaigns, so that the troops jumped out of the enemy's encirclement and went straight into northern Yunnan, and led the cadres to seize Jiaoping to ensure that the whole army crossed the natural barrier Jinsha River. In May, he concurrently served as the commander of the Red Army's advance team, and entered Daliangshan with Nie, the political commissar, and made a small alliance with the leader of the Yi people, so that the whole army passed through the Yi people's inhabited areas smoothly. Then the headquarters crossed the Dadu River in Anshunchang, which opened the way for the Red Army to go north. After the Red First Army and the Red Fourth Army joined forces, they resolutely implemented the central government's policy of going northward to resist Japan and fought against Zhang's separatist activities with Zhu De in adversity. Zhang revoked the post of chief of staff and was reduced to the president of the Red Army University of the Red Fourth Army. 1936 After the three main forces of the Red Army joined forces in June, they served as the chief of staff of the former enemy headquarters, the chief of staff of the Red Army and the commander of the western reinforcements. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he served as the division commander of the Eighth Route Army129th Division, and led his troops to Taihang Mountain together with political commissar Deng Xiaoping. Facing the arrogant Japanese invaders, he often used the words "Courage is the crown on a man's head" and "A horned sheep is oppressed, but a horned wasp should not be insulted" to inspire soldiers' confidence in fighting against the enemy. He commanded troops to attack Yangming Fort at night, ambushed Qigen Village, Changshengkou, Shentouling and Xiangtangpu, attacked the ninth road in southeastern Shanxi, swept the eleventh road in southern Hebei, and the Hundred Regiments fought Zheng Tai and Liao Yu, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese invaders and created the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan anti-Japanese base area. He resolutely implemented the strategic policy of the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, actively organized guerrillas combining regular troops, guerrillas and militia, set up a large number of armed task forces, carried out "the enemy advances while we advance", and extensively attacked enemy-occupied areas and communication lines, crushing the frequent "nibbling" and cruel "mopping-up" of the Japanese and puppet troops. At the same time, he led troops to repeatedly counter the invasion of the Kuomintang die-hards, firmly held the Taihang Mountain, the "southern gate" of the anti-Japanese base area in North China, and saved the "Liao Ping Mid-Levels" from being ravaged by the enemy. During the period of 1942, he and Deng Xiaoping led the soldiers and civilians in the base area to achieve self-sufficiency in production, reduce rent and interest, simplify administration and decentralize power, and spent the most difficult years in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. 1September, 943, went to Yan 'an to participate in the rectification movement. /kloc-0 was elected as the seventh member of the Central Committee in June, 1945. After Japan surrendered, it became the commander of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region. 1September 1945 to 1654381October, led Shangdang Campaign and Handan Campaign. Nearly 60,000 Kuomintang troops were annihilated in the north, and Gao Shuxun, deputy commander of the 11th war zone and commander of the new Eighth Army, led an uprising, which effectively cooperated with the negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of Chongqing and broke Chiang Kai-shek's strategy of advancing northward. After the civil war broke out in an all-round way, he served as the commander of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army, and fought with the Deng Xiaoping command post in great strides. From August 1946 to May 1947, we successively won a series of battles in Longhai, Dingtao, Juye, Juancheng, hua county, Giant Goldfish, the border between Henan and Anhui, and northern Henan, and wiped out hundreds of thousands of enemies. 1on June 30th, 947, according to the strategic decision of the CPC Central Committee and Mao Zedong on "attacking the Central Plains on a large scale", the main force of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army led by Deng Xiaoping120,000 men broke through the "Yellow River Defense Line" of the Kuomintang army for three hundred miles and launched the southwest Shandong campaign. He adopted the tactics of "attacking a little, absorbing its aid, gnawing at one side and breaking the other", and fought continuously for 28 days, commanding troops to achieve a major victory in annihilating more than 60,000 people in four reorganization divisions, which opened the prelude to the strategic attack of the People's Liberation Army. In August, Liu Deng's army marched south in three directions, and began the feat of leaping thousands of miles into Dabie Mountain and seizing the Kuomintang ruling center. When crossing the Ruhe River, at the critical moment when the enemy blocked the front and chased after it, he put forward the loud slogan that "the brave is better than the narrow road", and went to the avant-garde regiment to command the operation with Deng Xiaoping, and finally fought our way out. Subsequently, under the difficult conditions of fighting far from the base area and the rear, 33 enemy brigades were crushed to attack the Dabie Mountains. Then, with the close cooperation of the Outer Line Corps of the East China Field Army that attacked the Longhai Line and the Xie Chen Group that advanced into western Henan, a large number of enemies were annihilated between Jianghuai and Hehan, and the strategic development was gradually completed in the Hubei-Henan-Anhui border region, realizing the best future envisioned by the Central Committee and Mao Zedong-gaining a foothold and creating a consolidated base area. After 10 months of hard fighting, more than 300,000 people were wiped out, more than 100 county towns were liberated, and the Central Plains Liberated Area was opened up and expanded, forming a good situation in which the three armies fought against each other, maneuvering to wipe out the enemy and competing for the Central Plains, forcing the Kuomintang troops into a passive defensive position, which played a decisive role in reversing the national war situation. Mao Zedong called the strategic attack, which started with Liu Deng's army advancing into Dabie Mountain, the "historical turning point" of China Revolution. 1948 Since May, he has served as commander of the Central Plains Military Region, the Central Plains Field Army and the Second Field Army. 165438+ 10, according to the decision of the Central Military Commission, the General Front Committee was formed with Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, Su Yu and Tan Zhenlin to command the two field armies in the Central Plains and East China to carry out the Huaihai Campaign and make a strategic decisive battle with the main force of the Kuomintang army in Xuhuai area. Before the war, he put forward: "Our style of play is to clip its forehead, pull its tail, break its waist and put it to death. "In the first stage of the campaign, while annihilating the Yellow Corps, He, He and Chen Yi decisively commanded troops to cut off the Xu-Mu Railway according to the actual situation of the battlefield and completely isolated the enemy of Xuzhou. Later, he and Deng Xiaoping commanded the main force of the Central Plains Field Army to panic in the Huangwei Corps in Shuangduiji area, which became the key battle in the quasi-naval battle. The entire Huaihai Campaign ended with the great victory of annihilating more than 550,000 enemy troops, which greatly accelerated the victory of the national liberation war. 1April, 949, participated in the command of the battle of crossing the river, carried out the battle of Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou, personally commanded the main force of the Second Field Army to go straight out of zhejiang-jiangxi railway in three ways, and liberated the vast areas in southern Anhui, western Zhejiang, northeastern Jiangxi and northern Fujian. After the liberation of Nanjing, he served as secretary and mayor of Nanjing Municipal Committee and director of Nanjing Military Management Committee. 1 1 In June, Deng Xiaoping led his troops into the southwest. /kloc-in February, 2000, he served as the chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Committee and the second secretary of the Southwest Bureau of the Central Committee. He brilliantly carried out the operational policy of long-distance circuitous encirclement put forward by Mao Zedong, flapped the enemy's flank, cut off the enemy's retreat and destroyed the enemy. At the same time, through military strikes and political struggles, a large number of Kuomintang military and political personnel were led to rebel and surrender. In half a year, about 900,000 enemy troops were annihilated, most of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Xikang were liberated, and Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to carve up the southwest and wait for an opportunity to counterattack was completely shattered. At the same time, he also led the preparatory work to suppress bandits and enter Tibet, and made pioneering contributions to consolidating the southwest frontier. 1950 1 1 suggested and was ordered to set up the Military Academy of the China People's Liberation Army in Nanjing as the president and political commissar. In order to run the PLA's first institution of higher learning with various services and arms, he devoted himself to teacher training, textbook compilation and examination, and translation. It is often that he is "in the middle of the night", eating, drinking and never leaving. He has successively set up departments of navy, air force, artillery, armored force, chemical defense and intelligence in the military academy, which has multiplied and developed a complete command college system of all services and arms of our army and trained a large number of middle and senior officers with both ability and political integrity. His contribution to the education and training of military talents has a far-reaching impact on national defense and army building. From 65438 to 0954, he served as vice chairman of the People's Revolutionary Military Commission of the Central People's Government, vice chairman of the National Defense Commission, and minister of the training department of the Central Military Commission. 1955 In September, he was awarded the 1st Class August 1st Medal, 1st Class Medal of Independence and Freedom, and 1st Class Medal of Liberation. 1957 In September, he was transferred to the post of president and political commissar of the Higher Military Academy. 1959 served as the head of the strategic group of the Central Military Commission. 1962 participated in commanding the self-defense counterattack on the Sino-Indian border. He has been deputy chairman of the Central Military Commission since 1966. Until he was over eighty years old, he always cared about national defense and army building, and made suggestions and suggestions for the Central Military Commission and the headquarters in time. Many far-sighted strategic suggestions put forward by him have played an important role in strengthening national defense construction and defending frontier operations. 1982 resigned from the leadership position of the party, government and army due to age and health reasons. 1986 10 died in Beijing on 10.