Rousseau was a progressive thinker of French modern bourgeoisie in 18. He not only led the French Revolution in political theory, but also gave great inspiration and guidance to modern religious, social, cultural and educational reforms. It is such a great man that writing educational literature is treading on thin ice. He worked hard for 20 years, then spent three years writing it, and finally compiled this immortal work-Emily. As a result, his "Emile" and Plato's "Republic" go hand in hand, becoming an invincible educational masterpiece at all times and in all countries, and becoming the most precious legacy in the history of human education.
Before I opened this book, I thought that such a great book written by such a great man should require will and even read some literature to help me understand it. I don't want to. From the first page, between the lines, I seem to be talking to an old man who is wise, respects nature, is extremely easy-going and extremely strict. He treats the growth of children's lives. He is so affectionate and eager to tell. Just like the clear spring flowing in the lush forests of mountains permeates your heart, it gives me a deep inspiration from an educator who has been wandering in the field of education for nearly 17 years, and it also makes my educational mood suddenly enlightened a lot, especially in today's chaotic educational confusion.
The theme of Emile is that education should follow the laws of nature and develop children's nature. This statement is really common and not fashionable at all. But what shocked me was that it was such a common truth. For today's colorful and endless educational fashion thoughts, such a humble theme needs to be discussed and demonstrated by Rousseau, a great educator, in the first and second volumes and his representative works. What makes me sad especially is that three centuries have passed from the18th century to the present 2 1 century, but people are still constantly lost in their viewpoints and practices of educating the next generation, and they are always confused by many unpredictable new educational ideas and go in the wrong direction. Compared with our present basic education, haven't we educators lost our way? Choose some examples where we are far apart and practice tea with our peers.
First, real education lies not in oral training, but in practice; As soon as we begin to live, we begin to educate ourselves; Our education begins with our life. In just three sentences, as long as we are honest with each other, we will find that our practices are sometimes far apart in reality. As teachers, we seem to be preaching more, or bossing around, or being earnest. The mentality of * * is to preach with the dignity of the teacher condescending. The characteristic of * * * is that we don't listen and understand equally, but point out with the "wisdom" of experienced people, which is always correct, but never touches the surface. Children rationally "recognize" that teachers are correct representatives, but emotionally, they can't stop being sad, miserable or escaping. Education is closely related to children's lives, and education is integrated with students' life growth. From this perspective, we have narrowed the field of education. Our teacher pays more attention to what knowledge students have learned in class, what ability they have exercised, whether students have learned it or not, and how much their ability has developed. Although the new curriculum constantly emphasizes paying attention to the process and methods and cultivating emotional attitudes and values, there is little soil in the actual educational practice, or only sowing and rarely cultivating. Of course, I also cry foul for our teacher. It seems that our responsibilities are getting heavier and heavier, and the flavor of politicization, task and administration is getting stronger and stronger, but we have less and less time. Our words and deeds and thoughts, as if on the track of a train, will always move forward like companions, but they will never cross and merge.
Second: go with nature and follow the path she drew for you. She often exercises her children. She honed her temperament with various tests; She let them know what trouble and pain are from an early age. How well it is said, as long as it is life, from birth, it will naturally use all kinds of hardships to exercise the will, sharpen the temperament and keep fit. But we smart humans seem to be too smart, and always want to use human power to stop the power of nature. Although we embrace the reasons of love, such as picking up a child immediately after falling, we deeply blame the ground for the fault; For example, when children fail, we are always worried about comforting them, and even comforting them with gifts ... There are many examples, from which we always get temporary warmth, but from a macro and long-term perspective, it is always the smart people themselves who learn the lesson. Therefore, all parents and teachers need to let go of the form of care and love. When children encounter pain and trouble in natural life, don't think that care is love. Sometimes "watching" or even "watching coldly" is true love, because only in this way can children understand the truth of nature, learn to obey the will of nature and become a person who obeys the laws of nature.
Third: ... after a child is taught in one way or another, that is to say, after filling his mind with some languages he doesn't understand or things that are not good for him, and killing his nature with the emotions they cultivate ... this teacher wants to cultivate his fully cultivated artificial pathogens and teach him all the knowledge, but he doesn't teach him to know himself, make use of his own strengths, and how to live. Finally, when this child, who is both a slave and a tyrant, is full of knowledge but lacks rationality, is physically and mentally fragile, and exposes his ignorance, pride and various bad habits, everyone will feel sad about the pain and evil of human beings. In our classroom, following the textbook, do we seem to be teaching children knowledge that is useless and useless now in the name of the future? When we face the class, do we also ignore the students' nature because we need to face the whole class? Look at today's students, to be exact, look at these only-child babies. They are all heavy, unique and supreme. Are their tyrannical, fragile and self-centered qualities really common? Full of the reality of education in life, Rousseau in the18th century would have yelled at the teacher!
There are many others, such as "as long as there is no affectionate feelings between parents, as long as family gatherings do not make people feel the sweetness of life, bad morality will inevitably fill these gaps." Children in single-parent families are often problem children or irrefutable evidence, so tolerance and sweetness of love are nutritional necessities for healthy children. For example, "there is only one subject that must be taught to children. This topic is the bounden duty of being a man. This subject is a whole and inseparable. " We always think that adults are responsible for the growth of children, and she needs adults to teach her everything. It must be known that only the bounden duty of being a man is the educational responsibility that adults must bear, and everything else must follow the nature and the nature of children. For example, "from the time a child begins to have the ability to distinguish things, he must choose what we give him." Our parents and teachers have long been used to taking over in the name of love, and children have long been used to reaching for clothes and accepting food with their mouths open. When he is alone, children are no longer kind and happy to nature, but strange and afraid, so their dependence is getting stronger and stronger, their viability is getting lower and lower, and more and more children are growing up in society ... In fact, there are many lessons that we may be confused about. Read educational classics. They make us clear-headed and pure-hearted, and can make us return to the essence of education and get close to the true nature of education.
I recommend it carefully.