A sense of security for the elderly is a livelihood issue closely related to thousands of families. In 2020, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Aged Care Service Industry, and systematically proposed reform measures such as improving the policy system, expanding service supply, creating a development environment, and improving supervision services, which is of great significance for reducing the burden of family pension, promoting long-term balanced population development, and ensuring and improving people's livelihood. The 14th Party Congress of Jiangsu Province proposed to speed up the implementation of the national strategy of actively responding to the aging population and make great efforts to solve the problem of "one old and one small". The jiangsu provincial party committee Work Conference just held emphasized that efforts should be made to provide basic public services such as education, medical care, old-age care, housing, culture, etc., and to solve the outstanding livelihood issues such as "one old and one small". As an economically developed province, Jiangsu people have higher expectations for modern high-quality life, and the demand for multi-level and diversified old-age services is growing rapidly. The urgent task is to expand diversified supply and improve service quality.
At present, Jiangsu is facing the problems of deep aging of population, rising cost of raising children and declining fertility rate. Solving the problem of "one old and one young" is helpful to alleviate the double squeeze of "supporting the elderly" and "raising children" and has a basic guarantee for maintaining family stability and healthy social operation. Based on the existing foundation and around the multi-level demand of "one old and one small", Jiangsu has actively explored the inclusive service guarantee of "one old and one small" and optimized the effective supply system of aged care services, and achieved remarkable results.
Care for the elderly and children in difficulty has basically been realized. In Jiangsu, 210.04 million urban and rural poor elderly people have all been insured, and 310.3 million elderly people with financial difficulties have been included in the minimum living allowance. The government purchase service system for the elderly with financial difficulties has achieved full coverage, giving priority to ensuring their admission to public pension institutions. It took the lead in establishing a classified security system and a proactive discovery mechanism for children in distress in China, and launched a special campaign for the care and protection of left-behind children in rural areas, with a total of1470,000 children in custody.
The level of child welfare and old-age security is leading the country. By the end of 20021,there were 2,330 institutions for the aged in Jiangsu, and 742,000 beds for the aged were built. The number of beds per 1,000 registered elderly people reached 40 1, and the proportion of institutional nursing beds reached 65%. The basic standard of living for orphans raised by institutions is 2,623 yuan per person per month, and the basic standard of living for orphans scattered in society is per person per month 1980 yuan, which is the highest in China.
System construction was accelerated and improved. Jiangsu took the lead in promulgating the Regulations on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly in Jiangsu Province and the Regulations on Pension Services in Jiangsu Province, among which the Regulations on Pension Services in Jiangsu Province is the first local comprehensive pension service regulation in China. It is the first province in China to issue the "Opinions on Improving the Classified Security System for Difficult Children" and its supplementary opinions in the name of the general office of the provincial government. Take the lead in establishing a natural growth mechanism for orphans' parenting subsidies in the country, and comprehensively implement the evaluation system for children's adoption.
Form a representative experience and model. In 20 16, Nanjing piloted the construction of family beds for the aged in China, and the Code for the Construction and Service of Family Beds currently being drafted will become the national industry standard, providing "Nanjing experience" for the construction of family beds for the aged. Jiangsu vigorously promotes the fairness and inclusiveness of preschool education, and strives to adjust preschool education from the market classification system of "high quality and good price" to the national education system of "high quality and balance".
Jiangsu is a populous province, with a large population of "one old and one small" and great pressure on service guarantee. According to the data of the seventh census, the total number of elderly people aged 60 and over and infants aged 0 to 3 in Jiangsu is close to a quarter of the permanent population, and there is a huge demand for old-age services. Compared with the continuous rigid growth of demand, the current "one old and one small" service supply can not meet the multi-level and diversified needs, and the accessibility of social services is not high enough, the total amount is insufficient, the structure is unbalanced, the development is insufficient, and the will is restricted. In the new stage, it is necessary to provide "one old and one small" with inclusive services with convenient access, affordable price, guaranteed quality and sustainable operation, improve the service supply capacity, optimize the service supply structure, strengthen the support of service elements, and promote the high-quality development of the province's old-age services.
Continue to improve the supply capacity of aged care services and support various professional institutions. Vigorously cultivate and support old-age care institutions with accurate positioning and strong professionalism, further improve the long-term care insurance policy, and increase subsidies for the disabled and demented elderly. Improve the professional level of nursing service and strengthen the humanization and refinement of service. Encourage old-age care institutions to expand the scope of services such as community-oriented screening and evaluation, early prevention and intervention of disability and dementia, respite service, and training of family caregivers, and give full play to the supporting role of old-age care institutions. Guide multiple subjects to provide nursery services, encourage qualified kindergartens to extend the service chain forward, provide nursery services for families aged 0 to 3 who need to enter the park, and realize the integrated development of nursery. Through the government's purchase of public services, focusing on venue matching, financial support and supervision and evaluation, professional social organizations, industry associations and private institutions are introduced to provide various forms of child care services such as public construction, private operation, private operation and entrusted operation, so as to reduce the charging standards and enhance social trust.
Accelerate the establishment of a convenient community nursing network to effectively support home care. According to the principle of "combination of centralization and decentralization", we will support the construction of comprehensive service centers for the aged and child care in various streets with a certain scale, and at the same time set up day care rooms in communities to radiate and support families, forming a model of "1 central network +N branches". By revitalizing, utilizing and transforming the existing land resources, we will solve the housing problem of kindergartens in the community, formulate supporting policies and management standards for community trusteeship points and family childcare points, and improve the accessibility of services. Effectively integrate the existing resources of community pension, make full use of existing service facilities, comprehensively utilize facilities such as community pension service centers, elderly canteens, children's post offices, and unite enterprises, communities, social organizations and other forces to meet the actual needs of the elderly and children, and provide diversified, flexible and convenient care services, such as full-time care, half-day care, time care, temporary care, parent-child activities and other diversified services to reduce the burden of family care.
Vigorously cultivate the main body of the inclusive service market and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the industry. Give full play to the leading role of the government, guide social capital to flow to inclusive services, reduce the cost and price of old-age care services through policy guidance and capital investment, enhance the viability, profitability and sustainable development of old-age care institutions, and create a good industrial environment and healthy market format. To cultivate the market subject of socialized operation, firstly, the profitability of aged care service should be recognized, and the investment cost of investment operators can be recovered at least, and even a reasonable profit can be obtained, but the degree of marketization and profitability should be properly restricted and adjusted; Secondly, we must ensure the exchange of equal value. The actual cost paid by the service object may be lower than or equal to the service price, but the difference can be made up for the service provider through government investment; Thirdly, it is necessary to improve the professional gold content and the social status of the industry, so that the aged care service can become a formal and decent profession, thus promoting the large-scale and high-quality development of the aged care service industry.
Strengthen restraint management and improve the comprehensive supervision system for the aged. We will promptly improve local laws and regulations, stipulate the rights, obligations and responsibilities of old-age care institutions, have zero tolerance for the abuse of the elderly and children, impose employment restrictions on relevant individuals and direct managers, clarify the responsibility identification procedures and penalties for responsible parties, and promote the old-age care industry to gradually enter the fast lane of healthy development. Establish a three-dimensional comprehensive supervision system, support functional departments to implement supervision responsibilities, and strengthen daily business guidance, supervision and inspection. Absorb social forces to participate in the supervision of aged care services, timely expose and warn illegal institutions, and increase their illegal costs. Improve the information disclosure mechanism, encourage pension institutions to actively disclose operational information, and enhance information transparency. Promote the establishment of industry associations, carry out the formulation of industry service standards, service quality evaluation and monitoring, gradually establish and improve the industry self-discipline mechanism, implement joint incentives for trustworthiness and joint punishment for dishonesty, and actively promote the healthy and standardized development of the pension industry.