After the "Xin Chou Treaty" entered the stage of imperialism, capital export became the same requirement for foreign aggression of western capitalist countries. In the process of invading China, we met with strong resistance from the people of China. Therefore, the western capitalist countries realized that it was necessary to strengthen their control over the Qing government to ensure their aggressive interests in China. Therefore, after Eight-Nation Alliance captured Beijing in 1900, eight aggressor countries and Spain, Belgium and the Netherlands 1 1 forced the Qing government to sign the "Xin Chou Treaty". This treaty further strengthened the imperialist rule over China, which indicated that the Qing government had completely become an instrument of imperialist rule over China, and also marked the formation of a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in China.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the Qing government became a tool for imperialist countries to invade China, the national crisis in China deepened, and the ranks of bourgeois intellectuals further expanded. All these have promoted the widespread dissemination of democratic revolutionary ideas and the extensive establishment of revolutionary groups. In order to unify the revolutionary forces and further clarify the objectives, at the initiative of Sun Yat-sen, the first bourgeois revolutionary party in China, China League, was established in Tokyo on August 20, 1905 on the basis of the Zhong Xing Society and the Huaxing Society, in conjunction with the Guangfu Society. Its establishment marks a new stage of China's democratic revolution. "Since then, the revolutionary tide has surged and its progress has been unexpected."
After the "New Deal" in the late Qing Dynasty 1900, the imperialist countries' aggression against China intensified, anti-oppression and anti-aggression armed uprisings surged all over the country, the bourgeois revolutionary movement developed rapidly, and the Qing government's rule was in jeopardy. In order to maintain its rule, the Qing government began to implement the "New Deal" from 190 1. A series of measures adopted by the "New Deal" are beneficial to the development of Chinese national capitalism to a certain extent. But in the face of the emerging revolutionary form, the "New Deal" can't help the rulers to tide over the crisis.
After the establishment of Huanghuagang Uprising Alliance, a series of armed uprisings were launched one after another, which promoted the development of the national revolutionary situation. The "New Deal" of the Qing government and the bankruptcy of preparing for constitutionalism further exposed its decadent nature. Under the planning of Sun Yat-sen and Huang Xing, 19 10 On April 27th, a large-scale anti-Qing uprising led by Huang Xing broke out in Guangzhou. Although the uprising failed, it promoted the development of the national revolution and accelerated the demise of the Qing government.
See before Wuchang Uprising
At the end of the Revolution of 1911 (19) and the beginning of the 20th century, imperialism stepped up its aggression against China, and the national crisis in China became increasingly serious. The bankruptcy of the "New Deal" further exposed the decadent nature of the Qing government. During this period, Chinese national capitalism developed rapidly, and the bourgeoisie strongly demanded to get rid of imperialist aggression and feudal oppression. The people's struggle against imperialism and feudalism is surging. In order to save the national crisis and develop capitalism, the bourgeois revolutionary party set off an anti-imperialist and anti-feudal bourgeois democratic revolution, which was called "Xinhai Revolution" in history. The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the feudal monarchy for more than 2,000 years, adopted a series of revolutionary measures, promoted the development of capitalist economy, established the Nanjing provisional government with bourgeois and national characteristics, and promulgated the provisional constitution with bourgeois and national characteristics, so that the concepts of democracy and harmony were deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
Emperor Yuan Shikai of Hongxian stepped up the restoration of monarchy after suppressing the second revolution. In order to gain the support of imperialism, he wantonly betrayed national sovereignty and accepted "Article 21". Imperialism also actively supported Yuan Shikai to expand the interests of aggression. 19 16, Yuan Shikai became the emperor of the "Chinese Empire" and changed his name to "Hong Xian". Yuan Shikai's claim to be emperor was unpopular and was unanimously opposed by the whole country. The revolutionaries launched a movement to defend the country, but Yuan Shikai's suppression was ineffective and he was forced to announce the abolition of the monarchy on March 22, 2006. On June 6, Yuan Shikai died of depression.
After the failure of the Revolution of 1911 in the New Culture Movement, imperialism deepened its aggression against China by supporting Beiyang warlords, and China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal society continued to deepen. During the First World War, capitalism in China developed further. In order to develop capitalism better, the bourgeoisie strongly demanded the implementation of democratic politics in China. Western enlightenment was further spread in China, and the Revolution of 1911 made the idea of democracy and harmony deeply rooted in people's hearts. However, Yuan Shikai also promoted the concept of respecting Confucius and restoring ancient ways in the cultural field. Influenced by western ideas of freedom, equality and fraternity, progressive intellectuals, such as Chen Duxiu, founded New Youth in Shanghai on 19 15, put forward the slogan of democracy and science, and started the anti-feudal struggle in the ideological and cultural field-the New Culture Movement. It shook the dominant position of feudal thought, liberated people's thoughts unprecedentedly, promoted the development of natural science in China, and played a role in propaganda and mobilization in the outbreak of the May 4th Movement. The socialist ideology spread in the later period was accepted by advanced intellectuals in China as an ideological weapon to save the country and transform society.