Jinan got its name because it is located on the south bank of Gujishui (one of the four ancient blasphemies, "Jishui", whose old road is now based on the Yellow River). Jinan, as an administrative place name, was recorded in Historical Records earlier than the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, with a history of more than 2 100 years. Since ancient times, it has been a place where Yi people live in compact communities, and it is within the Taishan cultural circle, resulting in Dongyi culture. 4000 years ago, it was characterized by firing black pottery. The cultural site marked by black pottery was first discovered in Ziya, Longshan City, Jinan, so it became the naming place of "Longshan Culture".

Times are changing, Jinan is developing, and vivid and touching stories are being staged in this land.

In Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Jinan was the land of ancient Tan. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Jinan belonged to Qi State. At this time, the famous battle of Qi and Jin took place in Maanshan, the northern suburb of Jinan. Zou Yan was a great thinker of Qi during the Warring States Period, who founded the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements and was a famous scholar of the school. His tomb is in Zhangqiu. Lu (now Changqing), who is good at internal medicine, gynecology, five internal organs and pediatrics, founded the four diagnostic methods of observation, smell, questioning and feeling, which occupies an important position in the medical history of China. After Qin Shihuang unified the world, the county system was established. Today, Jinan City belongs to Jibei County, which is called Li Xiayi. The establishment of Jinan County in the early Han Dynasty was the beginning of a "Jinan". Jinan County is located in Dongping Mausoleum (now Ping Ling City, Zhangqiu County). During the reign of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, Dr. Qin, a native of Jinan who was over ninety years old, dictated twenty-eight articles on Shangshu, which was handed down to later generations. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, dynasties changed repeatedly. During this period, Buddhism flourished in Jinan, taking Liubu Langgong Temple in Licheng County as the center and forming a Buddhist stronghold in Shandong. The Sui Dynasty opened the emperor for three years, and changed Ji 'nan County to qi zhou, which governed Licheng and other counties 10. In the sixth year of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jizhou was promoted to Jinan. Known as "the country of literature" and "the land of plenty", it is one of the regions with the highest tax revenue in China. The bronze medal of the trademark "Liu Jinan Jiagongfu Needle Shop" in the Northern Song Dynasty is the earliest existing trademark in China, which shows that Jinan's industry and commerce were developed at that time. Li Qingzhao (no. Yi An and Xin Qiji wrote a large number of poems and chapters, which became the outstanding representatives of "graceful school" and "bold school" in China's ci circles respectively. In the Jin Dynasty, Jinan was still a government, belonging to Shandong East Road. At this time, Xiaoqing River was dug in the north of the city, leading directly to the sea, making Jinan an important salt distribution center, which had a great impact on the local economic development in later generations. During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Jinan was also the hometown of cultural prosperity. Du, a famous essayist, is a native of Jinan. He is well-read and has excellent poetry and prose. I have traveled to Jinan with Yuan Haowen many times. After traveling all over Jinan, Yuan Haowen wrote praises such as "praising Jinan's good landscape" and "being a caring Jinan person". After the well-known transformation by Ceng Gong and others, the urban garden lakes and springs became more beautiful and pleasant, which attracted the literary giant Huang Tingjian to praise "Jinan is as chic as Jiangnan". In the early Ming Dynasty, Jinan governed 26 counties including Tai 'an and Dezhou. In the ninth year of Hongwu, Shandong's highest administrative organ "Chengxuan Buzhen Division" moved from Qingzhou to Jinan, and Jinan became the capital of Shandong. Jinan was still under the jurisdiction of Shandong Province in Qing Dynasty. During the brutal invasion of imperialism, Zhu, the leader of the Boxer Rebellion, was active in Changqing, Shandong. Encouraged by the slogan "The Boxers in the World Prosper the Qing Dynasty and Destroy the Foreign Countries", the anti-imperialist patriotic movement in urban and rural areas of Jinan reached its climax. At the beginning of this century, Jinan became the intersection of Ji Jiao and Jinpu railway trunk lines, extending in all directions and facilitating the transshipment of commercial goods. After liberation, Jinan Special City was established. May 1949 was renamed Jinan. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Jinan entered a new period of socialism. Since then, the development of Jinan has turned a new page.

Another example is the origin of many place names in Beijing:

1, overpass

The original overpass is located in the northwest of the Temple of Heaven and crosses Longxugou in the north-south direction. This bridge is the only bridge that the emperor must pass when he goes to the Temple of Heaven to worship heaven, which means the bridge leading to heaven, so it is called "overpass".

The original overpass had a bridge, and a single-hole high arch bridge of white marble was built here in the Ming Dynasty to connect the "Imperial Road". The emperor was also called the son of heaven, and the son of heaven took the bridge, so it was called the overpass. This is the origin of the overpass. Overbridges are usually sealed with wooden fences, and no one can pass except the emperor and the old man. Generally, officials and people can only take wooden bridges on both sides. The original river channel under the bridge gradually evolved into Longxugou. "In the thirty-second year of Guangxu (1906), the road from Zhengyangmen to Yongdingmen was renovated, and all the stones originally laid on this road were removed and changed into gravel roads, and the overpass was also changed into a low stone bridge. 1929 due to the inconvenience of trams, the overpass bridge was leveled, but there were still stone railings on both sides. 1934, the road from Zhengyangmen to Yongdingmen was widened, the stone railings on both sides of the overpass were all removed, and the overpass bridge site no longer existed. "

2. Dashilan

The street starts from Qianmen Street in the east and reaches Meishi Street in the west, with a total length of nearly 300 meters and narrow streets. In the old days, there was a reputation of "the essence of the capital is here, so lively and prosperous" and "where there are bustling streets, you can go to Dashilan for a stroll". Dashilan Street, formerly known as the Four-Gallery House, has a history of nearly 500 years. After moving the capital to Beijing in the 18th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1420), in order to encourage industrial and commercial development, a "gallery room" was built in the market outside Zhengyangmen as a commercial shop to attract investment. By Ye Jiajing in the middle of Ming Dynasty, this area had gradually developed into a famous bustling downtown.

During the Qianlong period of the Qing dynasty, iron fences were set at the entrances at both ends of the street, so it was called Dashilan, which became the street name after learning it.

3. Dongsi and Xisi

The full name should be Dongsi archway and Xisi archway. The word "four" means that there are two archways at the intersection around the intersection, which together are the names of the four archways. But these big archways were also demolished because of traffic problems, so only the abbreviations of these place names are left. Dongdan and Xidan are called Dongdan archway and Xidan archway, and "Dan" refers to a single archway.

4. Dabei kiln

Out of the Dongbianmen, 3 miles northeast of the city, with vast terrain and excellent soil, it has been burning well. Over the years, brick kilns have been dense. The largest is a big kiln in the north, with towering chimneys, which can be seen from a distance. Therefore, residents from far and near came here with the big kiln as a symbol. Over time, this place was called "Dabei Kiln".

5. Maliang River

There is a small river outside Dongzhimen. Businessmen and horses from afar come here and often wash the travel-stained horses in the river. The washed horse is aired on the river bank, hence the name "Guama River". After a long time, it is called "Malianghe".

6. Hujialou

Two or three miles north of Dabei Kiln, there is a place called Hujialou. Here, a rich man built a building (that is, two floors) overlooking the low residential building, which has long been a nearby landmark. Passers-by call this place "Hujialou"

7. Huang Zhuang

Located at Zhongguancun South Station. It turned out to be "Huangzhuang", which means royal farmland. Land in Ming Dynasty was divided into official land and private land. The imperial, official and eunuch villages of the royal family spread all over the suburbs of Beijing, occupying a fruitful place. The Huangzhuang in Beijing originated in the 23rd year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1390) and began in the early years of Yongle. Since Wu Zong ascended the throne in January, seven more imperial palaces have been added, including here. In the early years of Jiajing, Huang Zhuang was abolished, but the exhausted official village remained until the end of Ming Dynasty.

8. Fu Bao Temple

Located at Zhongguancun East Station. The retired eunuch raised money to build this temple here to celebrate his longevity.

9. Wukesong

It used to be the tomb of Ying Shao, the prefect of the Qing Dynasty. There are five ancient pine trees in the tomb, and the surrounding area is desolate. Locals take this pine tree as a landmark and call this place "Wukesong". The first line subway 1966, the original pine tree died. Now there are Wukesong trees in the northwest entrance of Wukesong subway station, which is worthy of the name.

Gongzhufen 10

The main grave is located among the pines and cypresses in the garden of Fuxingmenwai Street. According to historical records, this tomb buried not the real princess, but Kong Sizhen, the adopted daughter of the emperor shunzhi's mother. She was called a princess and was reburied for historical reasons. His father in Kongsi Town was Kong Youde, a native of Liaoyang, Han nationality, who was not an ordinary person in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Kong Youde was a general in the Ming Dynasty. In the fifth year of the Apocalypse, Emperor Taizong of Qing Dynasty transferred troops to cut down the Ming Dynasty. In order to attract talents, he issued an imperial edict with the nature of buying. Kong Youde saw the decline and corruption of the Ming Dynasty and surrendered to the Qing court. After the Qing soldiers entered the customs, they led troops to gallop on the battlefield and traveled all over the country. They made great efforts to serve the Qing Dynasty in taking Nanjing, attacking Jiangyin, fighting between Guizhou and Guangxi, and capturing the princes of Ming Dynasty. The emperor shunzhi regarded him as a founding hero and rewarded him many times. Shunzhi nine years. Kong Youde led his troops south to conquer Liuzhou, but failed to fight with Li Dingguo, the general of the Ming Dynasty. Finally, he committed suicide in Guilin with his two wives. After his parents were killed, young Kong Sizhen returned to Beijing. The emperor shunzhi's mother, sourdrang queen, identified the hero's daughter as her adopted daughter, left her to be raised in the palace, let her share the honor, and named her Princess Heshuo. Kong Sizhen grew up in a military camp, good at riding and shooting, and proficient in martial arts. When he grew up, he married Sun Yanling, Minister of the Interior. Later, the Qing Dynasty specially gave Kong Sizhen the throne of "Dingnan King" from his father, and let Sun Yanling and his wife go to Guangxi to take charge of military affairs. After Sun arrived in Guangxi, he was arrogant and took refuge in Wu Sangui to betray the Qing court. Kong Sizhen resolutely opposed the rebellious behavior of Sun and Wu, and resolutely led a crusade. Kong Sizhen was wise and brave, and soon put down the rebellion in Yunnan, which made great contributions to the stability of the Qing Dynasty. After the rebellion in Yunnan was put down, Emperor Kangxi called her back to Beijing and conferred a title to become the queen of the Qing Dynasty. After Kong Sizhen died, the Qing court held a grand funeral for her and buried her here, calling it the "Princess Tomb".

Liuli Bridge 1 1

Located in the southwest of Beijing, it is the main channel leading to the city in the southwest. At first, a stone bridge was built. Because it is six miles away from Guang 'anmen, it is called "Liuli Bridge".

12 and Balizhuang

Located in the west of Beijing, it is the main channel to enter the city from the west. Because there is Balizhuang from Fuchengmen, it is called "Balizhuang".

Wangfujing 13

Yan Wang Mi of the Sui Dynasty and Wang Luoyi's Shuaifu in Peiping were here, and it is still called Shuaifuyuan. Se is Luo Cheng's father in The Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties. Tang Gaozong made Se the prince, in charge of Youzhou, and built the Prince's Mansion here. In the Ming Dynasty, with the construction of the Forbidden City, many dignitaries built Wang Fu here, so according to the records of the ancestors of the Ming Dynasty, it was called Wang Fu Tenth Street and Wang Fu Street. During the Republic of China, when the imperial era ended, people gradually forgot these things. At that time, the most important thing for ordinary people was to eat, drink and live. At that time, in Beijing, ordinary people couldn't afford to drill wells. The water pumped by ordinary wells was very bitter and could only be used for washing clothes and steaming rice. On TV, we often see people pushing waterwheels to sell water. In fact, the water sold is just a little bitter. On the west side of Wang Fu Street, there is a well famous for its high-quality sweet water, which is actually colorless and tasteless. Relatively speaking, the place name of Wangfujing is also derived.

Lai Xiang Street 14 (Changchun Street)

Lai Xiang Street is about a mile west of Xuanwu Gate. This used to be the place where elephants were raised in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, some countries in Southeast Asia brought elephants to China to pay tribute to the emperor as a gesture of friendship. In the eighth year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty, an elephant pavilion and an elephant theater were set up in the southwest of Xuanwu Gate to domesticate elephants. In ancient times, elephants were regarded as a symbol of peace and auspiciousness, which meant the renewal of everything. Whenever there is a grand ceremony in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, elephants are led to the palace. There are drivers, treasure bearers and guards, and each has its own division of labor. At ordinary times, ministers go to court, and elephants stand around the Imperial Road in front of the noon gate, which is spectacular. In the Qing Dynasty, the system and custom of using elephants in the Ming Dynasty remained unchanged, but by the end of the Qing Dynasty, the funds for taming elephants were deducted layer by layer, and the situation of elephants went from bad to worse, and they gradually starved to death, leaving only the name Lai Xiang Street.

15, Huguo Temple

Huguo Temple is one of the eight temples in Beijing, which was founded in Yuan Dynasty. It was originally the official residence of Tuoketuo, the prime minister of the Yuan Dynasty, and was originally named Guo Chong Temple (North Temple). In the fourth year of Xuande in Ming Dynasty (1429), it was renamed Dalongshan Temple. In the eighth year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty (1472), it was named Dalongshan Temple to protect the country. In the sixty-first year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1722), Mongolian Prince Baylor renovated the temple to celebrate the birthday of the Holy Father. He once renovated the temple on a large scale and named it Huguo Temple, also known as West Temple, echoing the Long Fu Temple in the East Temple. The temple faces south and is very big. On the central axis, there are three mountain gates in turn, with a single eaves and a simple tile roof, and the stone gate reads "Dalongshan temple to protect the country"; On the second floor is the King Kong Hall; On the third floor is Tianwang Hall; The fourth hall is Yanshou Hall, Manjusri Hall in the east and Secret Hall in the west. ; The hall on the fifth floor is the Hall of Prayer, the Temple of Heaven on the east side and the Infinite Hall on the west side. The sixth floor is the Thousand Buddhas Hall, with the Great Compassion Hall in the east and the Dizang Hall in the west. Behind the hanging flower gate is a seven-story hall, which is the hall of dharma protection; The hall on the eighth floor is a merit hall; Ninth floor, Three Bodhisattvas. There is a cross road at the gate of Diaohua, forming two parts. Now only the King Kong Hall, the entrance in the northwest corner (this time partially burned) and the main hall behind the Diaohuamen are left. Most of the original stone tablets in the temple have disappeared.