The propaganda slogan of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses and the Summer Palace: The Millennium Ancient Army is resurrected and the historical vicissitudes reappear.
Full name of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses: Xi 'an Qin Shihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum is located in the east of Lintong County, 37 kilometers away from Xi 'an, and is a national key cultural relics protection unit. 1974, in ... [read the full text]
Type of scenic spot: cemetery
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Where was the Qin Terracotta Warriors unearthed? Terracotta Warriors and Horses are also called Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Dynasty.
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang are located at 1974 and 1.5 kilometers east of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum in Lintong District, Xi, and three pits have been found. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang were listed in the World Cultural Heritage Protection List on 1987.
The legend of Qin terracotta warriors and horses immortal legend-Qin Shihuang terracotta warriors and horses I immortal legend
In the history of China, there used to be such an army. They are dressed in iron black clothes and run as fast as the wind. They are invincible and invincible. They make the world lose confidence and change its color. They are called the teachers of tigers and wolves. But in fact, they are fiercer than hungry tigers and more United than wolves. In their military songs, they sang, "I have no clothes and wear robes with my sons." Wang Yu is a teacher and cultivates my spear ... "Their deeds are still talked about by future generations after thousands of years, and their inspiration will always shine like the stars in the night sky.
199 1 year 1 month 17 in the early morning, the Gulf War codenamed "Desert Storm" broke out. At the beginning of the war, Americans used missiles and planes to suppress their opponents with almost crazy carpet bombing, and in just a few days, they destroyed the military and psychological double defense lines carefully constructed by Iraqis. After that, the swift and swift armored forces entered Kuwait with lightning speed, and Saddam's troops were returned to their hometown in one fell swoop.
The whole world was shocked. They have never seen a war in which air strikes are the main mode of warfare. The whole world exclaimed that the Gulf War opened a new era in the history of human war. At this time, in the far east, in a huge dome-shaped building, a group of ancient pottery figurines are sneering. Their huge military array is precisely such a combat system: first, the opponent is suppressed with a strong, dense and continuous crossbow, the cavalry quickly outflanks the opponent's defense line, and then the infantry drives straight in to complete the fatal blow of sealing the throat. Things have changed, strong bows have been replaced by missiles, hard crossbows have been replaced by airplanes, war horses have been replaced by tanks, swords have been replaced by machine guns ... but the law behind the phenomenon has not changed, the human desire behind progress has not changed, and the cruelty behind civilization has not changed. Take bus No.306 from Xi Railway Station, 30 kilometers to the east, which is the world-famous Terracotta Warriors Museum. Two thousand years ago, the invincible army stood here quietly, quietly listening to the comments of future generations. In all kinds of comments, the words of people on the other side of the ocean are particularly striking:
"The seven wonders of the world, the discovery of Qin figurines can be said to be the eighth wonder." Jacques Chirac said this.
"This is a unique miracle in the world." Kissinger said so.
"This is a real miracle. People all over the world should come here to have a look. " Mundell said so.
The terracotta warriors and horses stood quietly, as they have for two thousand years. They know that, needless to say, time has spoken for itself. They proved their courage, the luxury of that era, the wisdom that human beings can achieve, the desire and greed of human nature.
Second, the resurrected legion
When we visited the Terracotta Warriors, it had just rained. Thousands of tourists walked with us on the wet blue bricks. The magnificent Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum leans at the foot of the beautiful Lishan Mountain, which guards the last guard of the Daqin Empire. Today's Terracotta Warriors Museum has built a world-class exhibition hall, and the tall and bright No.1 pit has enough light for tourists to take pictures at will. The excavation of No.2 pit is still going on, and visitors can witness the operation process of archaeologists with their own eyes. Today, the Terracotta Warriors are not only a window to study the history of the Qin Dynasty, but also a living teaching material for military science. It is said that the US military sends a delegation to visit the Terracotta Warriors and Horses every year in order to understand its strategy and tactics of dominating the world. With the protection of cultural relics becoming more and more meticulous, tourists have no chance to get down to the bottom of the pit and get in close contact with the Terracotta Warriors. Fortunately, the experience of terracotta warriors and horses lies not in the distance of space, but in the perception of the soul. I stood in front of the pit of Terracotta Warriors and Horses, but I felt a little shocked, and I could vaguely taste the faint sadness and vicissitudes emanating from them. On that morning two thousand years ago, when the last board was covered, the only ray of sunshine was blocked. Through the board, someone walked up and down on his head, and the sound of dust kept coming. It was dark around, and the muddy air was filled with a pungent smell of earth. The human voice is getting louder and louder until it disappears completely, leaving only endless darkness, endless loneliness, endless loneliness and once endless glory, and they are caught in endless waiting together. A luxurious, heroic and invincible division, after completing their historical mission, accompanied their dead monarch, their dying empire, walked into the dust of history and looked forward to the Qingming hoe in the distant future. Walking beside this huge army, if you listen attentively, you can still clearly hear their deep breathing and whispering. Although the empire they loyal to has long passed away, they survived, faithfully fulfilled their obligations and let time pass like an arrow. We have reason to believe that when the craftsmen burned this legion, they must firmly believe that they are still alive and can live forever. Some people say that the image of Terracotta Warriors and Horses may come from real Qin Jun soldiers, but I think that the image of Terracotta Warriors and Horses should come from the craftsmen who made them, because only in this way can they show such vivid expressions, have such vivid life and exude such charming charm.
Third, luxurious etiquette.
In 2 18 BC, the first emperor of daqin dynasty was in Bolangsha, Henan province. A powerful motorcade marched in a narrow and deep valley. Except for the breeze and the jingle of bells, the air was quiet. The soldiers of Roewe motorcade are solemn and dignified, and their bright armor shines in the sun, which makes people know at a glance that they are the most well-trained elites in the empire. Clear the way for the motorcade are two black carriages, decorated with colorful gold and silver ornaments and colorful patterns. The car in front is called a rickshaw, and the driver and passengers are standing on it. The car in the back is called Che 'an, and there is also a royal car. The royal hand sits in the front imperial room, and the passengers sit on the left and right sides to open the window, leaving a single-door main room behind. The two cars were driving four fat and strong horses, each with dazzling heads wrapped in gold and silver on his forehead, and his raised manes fluttered violently in the dust and wind. Suddenly, there was a strange sound in the air, like a biting cold wind passing through a broken window lattice on a winter night, like a hungry beast sprinting with all its strength, like a cry of grief and indignation from a ghost in the wilderness. Before the guards could react, a huge black shadow fell from the sky and hit a six-horse copper car decorated with gold, silver, pearls and jade in the middle of the motorcade. There was a loud bang, followed by harsh metal tearing, harsh neighing, dull breaking of wooden poles, wailing of the wounded and frightened screams of women ... All kinds of voices were intertwined and echoed in the valley for a long time. The scattered dust swallowed up the whole motorcade in an instant. Blood is like a huge ugly earthworm, crawling slowly on the ground. The whole motorcade was in a mess, and the soldiers were running around in the dust with spears, cursing loudly and shouting in vain, searching for the traces of the attackers, like a group of headless flies. The car behind didn't know what had happened, but it was still pushing forward, colliding violently with the car coming back in front, making a terrible noise. Many people in court dresses ran out of the car, their faces full of horror and panic. On the hillside, two sweat-soaked faces are full of unspeakable excitement. They have just accomplished an earth-shattering event-they killed the emperor. Soon, the world will be in chaos again. What they have to do now is to escape as soon as possible before the soldiers find them. However, the emperor was not in that car at all. Next, the angry emperor issued a national wanted order for 10 days. As a result, countless families were separated and countless innocent civilians were rushed to the site of Lishan Imperial Tomb. But the two assassins disappeared like air. This assassination, which can be called "Bolangsha Incident", was recorded in detail by later historians as a major event in the short history of the Daqin Empire. A few years later, the mastermind of this action, the young epigenetic who was forced to change his name to Sean, became one of the "Founding Three Assistants" in the Han Dynasty and was a very important person. According to historical records, in his later years, he was calm, determined, refined, unconventional and knowledgeable. After suffering, he no longer clung to the impulsiveness, adventure and personal heroism of his youth. As a victim and survivor, Ying Zheng, the first Qin Emperor, was already buried with his luxurious empire and motorcade in a mausoleum hundreds of meters deep under Mount Li. The stars have changed, and so has the sea. In 2000, it was just a flick of a finger. 1980 10, a message spread like wildfire at the site of the excavation of the Qinling Mountains: Great, bronze chariots and horses were dug up in the Qinling Mountains used by Qin Shihuang for his five east tours! Bronze chariots and horses are the epitome of politics, economy, science and technology and art in the Daqin Empire. They are magnificent. At that time, it was the prototypes of these two cars that led the endless motorcade of Qin Shihuang. Since 1980 was unearthed, they have attracted many amazing eyes and heartfelt admiration. However, behind these eyes and admiration, how many people know the story that happened to them! It is the motorcade led by bronze chariots and horses that once attracted Liu Bang's unbearable envy: "A gentleman should be like this" and also attracted Xiang Yu's disdain: "You can take its place". Since then, two souls with completely different personalities have embarked on two completely different paths for their own vows, and history has been pushed on a completely different track. These two distinctive words were solemnly recorded in the history books and became the earliest comments on bronze chariots and horses. Where is Sean! He was speechless, and the situation at that time did not allow him to leave words. But I believe that his eyes must be excited and excited at that time, just as a falcon sees a hurried hare and a tiger sees a trembling sheep. Perhaps his hands will tremble violently with the heartbeat, just as the earth shakes with the huge motorcade in front of him. Now the bronze chariots and horses have stopped running. They stood quietly in the glass window and became a symbol of the wisdom and courage of this nation. But they are still listening attentively, listening to our amazing praise, listening to their king's call with a whip.
Fourth, the sorrow of many dissenting Confucian.
West of Terracotta Warriors 1500 meters is the home of the famous first emperor Qin Shihuang. This hill-like barricade stands on the open land of Guanzhong, with its back against Mount Li and its front facing the Wei River, proudly examining the world that once surrendered to it. The Qin Mausoleum is 75 meters high and more than 4 miles in circumference. Beneath it is a luxurious mythical world. There are rivers and seas made of mercury, stars inlaid with precious stones, palace walls made of precious jade, lamp oil refined by fish, the end imagined by skilled craftsmen in Qian Qian, and the most earth-shattering echo of Mr. Xie in Daqin Dynasty. It is the witness of that short history and the most impressive of all the miracles that can be created in that luxurious era. Today's people only need to spend more than ten yuan to climb to the top of the mausoleum, face the bleak cold wind blowing from Mount Li, let their eyes cross the land of Qinchuan, and feel the lost king with thoughts.
Qin Shihuang is the most controversial figure in the history of China. He built an unprecedented empire, but never enjoyed the praise and respect that any founding king deserved; He didn't die, but he suffered more humiliation and slander than any dead king. He was the first to realize the unification of China, which provided a reference target for the talented people in the next two thousand years. He was the first to establish a system of rule by law rather than personal authority, which realized the dreams of several generations of legalists and created a myth for us today. His unified writing style makes it convenient for us to read all kinds of documents of his era today, and his unified weights and measures and track have removed the biggest obstacle for economic integration. However, his country's life span was too short, only 15 years, and he ended his rule in a very disgraceful way. His son ruined his career, his system, his dreams and his reputation. So in the eyes of future generations, Qin law became the most exclusive and barbaric law, Qin formulated the worst system, became the most ferocious army, and Qin Shihuang became the worst emperor, which became the most typical negative teaching material for emperors of past dynasties. All his actions before his death were infinitely belittled, and every tiny mistake he made was infinitely exaggerated. Even his life experience was "stipulated" as an illegitimate child by the official history. It is indisputable that Qin Shihuang lay quietly at the foot of that mountain. In fact, he doesn't need any refutation. Because he doesn't have any evidence in his favor, but he is a legalist and is used to speaking with evidence. The rules and books he founded, together with the unique books he kept in the National Library when he burned them, were burned by a man named Xiang Yu in Jiangdong. The fire reached Epang Palace, which made the sky red, far greater than the flame he lit when he burned books. His descendants, together with his ministers, were also killed in Xianyang city. Plus1000000 captured Qin Jun soldiers who were just buried alive, the dead were far more than 400 Confucian scholars he had entrapped. The tall building on his mausoleum was knocked down, and the Great Wall he built collapsed and destroyed in the passage of time. His tunnel is full of weeds, and the stones he carved have been worn away by years ... However, the system he founded has miraculously survived.
Turning to history, we will find some details: centralization of authority advocated by him was upheld by successive dynasties, and the words "emperor" and "I" invented by him were extended by successive dynasties. The prime minister system he invented was not really abolished until the Qing Dynasty, and even his court etiquette was spread and praised by Liu Bang: "I didn't know how expensive the emperor is today!" More importantly, his descendants sublated his legal thoughts and created a brand-new judicial system: Confucianism was responsible for moral adjustment and Legalists were responsible for class struggle. This system of combining hard and soft is still effectively implemented in China today.
When talking about his position in the eyes of future generations, Napoleon said: "My real glory is not that I won 40 battles. The battle of Waterloo erased all the memories, but one thing will not be forgotten, and it will last forever-my civil code. " Qin Shihuang knew about the underground, so he should be very satisfied with himself!
Historical reflection on verb (abbreviation of verb)
There is no doubt that Qin Shihuang appointed and abused people's power. Every achievement of Qin Shihuang came at the expense of great people's strength. Two thousand years ago, before iron was popularized, it can be said that Qin Shihuang had stepped on the throttle of this country to the limit. But this country has been running under such extreme conditions for more than ten years, and if all goes well, it will continue to run. This is a miracle. On the one hand, Qin Shihuang's driving skills are really superb. On the other hand, he paved a high-quality highway for himself with tough laws.
In fact, during the reign of Qin Shihuang, although the world experienced feudalism for hundreds of years, the productivity of the whole society was not greatly damaged because countries generally attached importance to production and development. Even in the ten years after Qin Shihuang's reunification, social wealth increased because there was no turmoil. However, with the demise of Qin, the world was in chaos, and the four-year dispute between Chu and Han led to a huge loss of social wealth. We can make a comparison: the Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Qin Dynasty are tall and big, which can be called the fine works of art, while the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, who died 20 years later than him, are only over a foot high, and are ethereal, wretched and timid; In addition, in the early Han dynasty, even the emperor's carriage could not find four horses of the same color, but in contrast, the bronze chariots and horses cast only on the basis of Qin Shihuang's opening car were exquisite and unusual, which made people absolutely amazed. The reason for this is not so much that the Qin Dynasty is responsible, but objectively speaking, the war that lasted only four years brought great trauma to the whole society.
What human society needs is peace, even under tyranny.
On the whole, I think Qin Shihuang has nothing to blame. If there is, it is that he made a mistake after all, a mistake that he will regret for thousands of years-he overestimated the quality of the sports car he drove and overestimated the driving level of his successor-he did not consider the successor's problem at all. Unfortunately, his successor proved to be a complete fool and an excellent puppet. So, when his successor tried to drive a speeding car in the same way as him, the tragedy happened.
This is the personal sorrow of Qin Shihuang and the sorrow of the whole society at that time.
Qin Shihuang hoped that after his death, he would still be accompanied by thousands of troops. Another way of saying it is: Qin Shihuang wanted to bury the living on a large scale, but some ministers did not want to see this practice. They suggested making pottery figurines imitating human beings, which were neither decadent nor realistic, and were later adopted.
Similarities and differences in personality between Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses Hello, Terracotta Warriors and Horses are not only large in scale, but also various and distinctive in personality. Generally, figurines are burly, wearing crowns and armor, holding swords and holding their heads high. I can tell at a glance that you have been through many battles and have great responsibilities. The average height of warrior figurines is1.8m, and they are well-built and well-proportioned. They are wearing battle suits, armor and feet. ...
The idioms of Qin terracotta warriors and horses are spectacular and amazing, world-famous and unique.
Unique, unique, large-scale and diverse,
With distinctive personality and magnificent momentum, Mazhuang has strong military strength.