To explain the origin of the "Holy Alliance", we must start with the Vienna Conference. 1 81410/October1day, after the European "anti-French alliance" defeated Napoleon's empire, the monarchs of the alliance gathered in Vienna, Austria, to discuss the restoration of the old feudal order in Europe and the distribution of stolen goods. The meeting lasted more than 8 months until June 9 of the following year. Present at the meeting were Russian Emperor Alexander I, Austrian Emperor Francis I, King Friedrich Wilhelm Ⅲ of Prussia, British Foreign Secretary Castilla, defeated French Foreign Minister Trump and princes and archduke of almost all European countries, representing 2 16 people. It was the representatives of Russia, Britain, Austria and Portugal who really manipulated the meeting, as well as the representatives of small countries. In addition to attending the opening and closing ceremonies, they also held banquets, danced, watched plays, ate, drank and enjoyed themselves, killing time and waiting for the rule of big countries. It is the first time in the diplomatic history that such a large-scale diplomatic conference of big countries is dominated by big countries and set off by small countries.

The imperial envoys of the four countries who manipulated the meeting were concerned about how to get more in repartitioning European territory and rebuilding European feudal order. Jean-Claude Trent, French foreign minister, is an excellent bourgeois diplomat. After attending the meeting, he first proposed to the representatives of the four countries that the Bourbon dynasty was reunified in France, and it was an orthodox dynasty and could not be an enemy. This is the "orthodox" principle recognized by the meeting. In fact, France is still the main position of capitalism in continental Europe. It is very beneficial to safeguard the status and interests of France under the banner of "orthodoxy". However, this principle is regarded by monarchs of various countries as a tool to restore the rule of the old feudal orthodox dynasties in European countries. The final general resolution of the Vienna Conference took "orthodoxy" as its creed and tried to restore the feudal rule of various countries before the French Revolution. Due to the conflict between the great powers in territorial division, the meeting also put forward a principle of "compensation", that is, if the interests of the victorious country in one region are not met, it will be compensated in another region. If Prussia's territorial claim to Poland is not met, the Allies will take northern Saxony with a population of 850,000 as "compensation".

According to the orthodox principle, many old dynasties returned to the throne, including France, Spain, two Sicilian bourbons, feudal dynasties in Portugal, Sweden and the Netherlands, as well as Italian popes and some small countries. At the same time, several big countries carved up many territories. It caused a reactionary political situation in which feudal regimes were restored one after another. It is precisely to safeguard this situation and vested interests that on September 26th, 2005, 1865438+ Russia and Austria concluded a so-called "holy alliance" and decided to suppress the local revolution by force and defend the monarchy and Christianity. Later, most European monarchies joined the alliance. By 18 18, the Bourbon dynasty, which was in power in France, also joined the reactionary alliance. All the counter-revolutionary forces in Europe gathered under the banner of "Holy Alliance", and Europe entered a dark period of reactionary rule.

However, the reactionary resolutions of the Vienna Conference and the perversion of the Holy Alliance cannot last long. The national democratic movement in the oppressed nation-state cannot be contained, and the historical trend of Europe taking the capitalist road cannot be reversed. In addition, there are contradictions among the countries of the alliance, which makes it difficult for the alliance to coordinate. 65438+The revolutionary storm swept through Europe in the 1920s and 1930s. In particular, the French Revolution of July in 1830 overthrew the orthodox Bourbon dynasty and dealt a heavy blow to the Holy Alliance. /kloc-after the 0/848 revolution spread throughout the European continent, the "holy alliance" completely collapsed and became a historical relic.