182365438+On February 2nd, J. Monroe, the fifth president of the United States, put forward the principle of American foreign policy in his State of the Union address, which was called "Monroe Doctrine" in history. It is an important symbol of American foreign expansion policy. Put forward "Leave it alone" Since T Jefferson came to power, the United States has entered a period of large-scale territorial expansion. Its expansion policy clashed sharply with Britain. In the American-British War (18 12), the American attempt to expand northward was frustrated, so it pointed its finger at Latin America. However, the "Holy Alliance" in Europe attempted to interfere with the independence movement in Latin America; Britain also took this opportunity to expand into Latin America. 1823 In August, British Foreign Secretary G. Canning invited the United States to oppose the interference of Russia, the Holy Alliance and Austria in Latin American countries and prohibit the colonization of Latin America, which was approved by Monroe. 1823 65438+On February 2, President Monroe declared in his speech to Congress that the United States would not interfere in the internal affairs of European powers or in wars between them; The United States recognizes and does not interfere in the colonies and protectorates of European powers in Latin America; European powers are no longer allowed to colonize South America and North America; Any attempt by any European power to control or oppress the countries of North and South America will be regarded as hostile acts against the United States. Put forward the slogan "America is the America of Americans". It is actually claiming that Latin America belongs to the sphere of influence of the United States. In a sense, Monroe Doctrine objectively played a role in preventing Latin American independent countries from becoming colonies of European powers. The Monroe Declaration did not attract enough attention abroad at first. After 1870, the word "Monroe Doctrine" came into being. With the United States becoming a world power, under the guidance of Monroe Doctrine, the United States mediated the border dispute between Argentina and Paraguay in 1876; 1880 mediation of the dispute between Colombia and Chile; 188 1 settled the border disputes between Mexico and Guatemala, Chile and Argentina, and Chile and Peru. 1895, the United States forced Britain to make concessions on the border between British Guiana and Venezuela and agreed to set up an arbitration tribunal to determine the border between the two countries. 1904, T. Roosevelt (in office,1901-kloc-0/909) put forward the "Roosevelt Inference", which further supplemented the Monroe Doctrine. He pointed out that once a Latin American country "makes trouble", the United States can interfere in its internal affairs. During the terms of Roosevelt and T.W. Wilson, the United States often interfered in the internal affairs of Latin America, especially the Caribbean. After 1933, F.D. Roosevelt came to power, abandoned the policy of interference and turned to the policy of good neighborliness. After World War II, the United States still pursued Monroe Doctrine in Latin America. 1June, 959, the United States manipulated mercenaries to invade Guatemala; 1961April, the United States organized mercenaries to invade Cuba; In the Caribbean crisis, forcing the Soviet Union to make concessions; 1964 65438+ 10, the United States directly intervened in Panama; 1965 the United States sent troops to Dominica to suppress the Dominican people's armed uprising; 1983, the United States and six Caribbean countries formed a "multinational force" to send troops to Grenada. These actions can be regarded as a continuation of Monroe Doctrine. Some American scholars believe that the publication of Monroe Doctrine is an opportunity to cast a holy alliance to threaten Britain, so as to resist the threat of British expansion policy to the United States and ensure the freedom of action of the United States in Latin America. Therefore, Monroe Doctrine can also be regarded as American aggressive policy towards Latin America.