In recent years, road traffic accidents in China have caused 654.38+million deaths every year, and also caused many people's disabilities and a lot of property losses. Student traffic accidents also account for about 10%. Traffic accidents have aroused the general concern of the whole society. Why are there so many traffic accidents? It can be said that these traffic accidents are caused by people not paying attention to traffic safety and not obeying traffic rules in road traffic activities. Therefore, in order to prevent traffic accidents, each of us should pay attention to traffic safety and obey traffic laws and regulations. Traffic safety is an important part of safety culture. Paying attention to traffic safety means paying attention to people's lives, and it is the expression of human social civilization and progress. Primary and secondary school students should develop good traffic habits from an early age. Civilized traffic behavior is the embodiment of good spirit and fashion of primary and secondary school students, and it is also the requirement of social morality. To develop good traffic habits, primary and secondary school students should have the following safety qualities:

* Establish traffic safety awareness: always keep traffic safety in mind, and enhance the awareness of traffic rules and traffic accident prevention.

* Grasp the knowledge of traffic safety: understand the laws and basic knowledge of traffic safety and know how to prevent traffic accidents.

* Master the traffic rules: master the provisions of traffic laws and regulations on traffic rules.

* Enhance the awareness of traffic laws and regulations: No matter whether there is supervision by traffic police or others on the road, you should consciously abide by the provisions of traffic laws and regulations.

Second, the basic rules of road traffic

On the roads of our country, there are motor vehicles such as automobiles, motorcycles and tractors, non-motor vehicles such as bicycles and rickshaws, and pedestrians. In order to ensure traffic safety and reduce their conflicts, we must find ways to separate them. There are two basic rules for road traffic in China:

Vehicles drive on the right: vehicles (including motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles) driving on the road need to drive on the right. If you ride a bike on the left side of the road, it becomes retrograde and belongs to traffic violation.

People and vehicles go their own way: motor vehicles, non-motor vehicles and pedestrians should drive in their own road areas and are not allowed to drive on other people's roads at will. When managing traffic, the traffic police divide the road surface into several parts by using physical isolation such as isolation belt and isolation guardrail or setting traffic markings. The middle part of the road is a motorway, which is called a motorway; Next to the motor vehicle lane is a non-motor vehicle lane such as bicycles; The farthest place is the sidewalk, and pedestrians need to take the sidewalk.

On the road without dividing the center line, motor vehicle lanes and non-motor vehicle lanes, motor vehicles drive in the middle and non-motor vehicles drive on the right. Pedestrians must walk on the sidewalk, and those without sidewalks should walk on the side of the road.

Three. Road traffic sign

Traffic signs are signs with certain shapes, colors and symbols. They are buried on both sides of the road or erected above the road to transmit road or traffic management information to vehicle drivers and pedestrians. When we understand their meaning, we can understand the situation of roads or traffic.

* Warning signs Warning signs are signs that warn vehicles and pedestrians to pay attention to dangerous places ahead. Its color is black pattern with yellow background and black edge; The shape is an equilateral triangle, and the vertex angle is upward.

* No sign No sign is a sign that prohibits or restricts the traffic behavior of vehicles and pedestrians. Its colors are white background, red circle, red bar and black pattern except for individual signs, and the pattern is pressed on the red bar; Shapes include circle, octagon and equilateral triangle with downward vertex.

* Indicating signs Indicating signs are signs indicating the movement of vehicles and pedestrians. Its colors are blue background and white pattern; Shapes are round, rectangular and square.

* Guiding signs Guiding signs are signs that convey information about road direction, location and distance. Except for a few signs, the general roads are blue and white, and the expressways are green and white. The shapes are usually rectangular and square.

Four, road traffic marking

Traffic markings, like traffic signs, are called "silent traffic policemen" and play an important role in traffic management. We should understand the meaning of traffic markings and abide by the provisions of traffic markings, which is of great significance to maintaining traffic order and ensuring traffic safety.

The traffic markings on the pavement play a great role in the diversion of people and vehicles;

Yellow center line in the road, two-way traffic boundary;

White dotted lane line, lane separation line in the same direction;

The solid white line on the edge of the driveway is the dividing line between cars and bicycles;

There is a solid white line across the driveway, and cars let people stop;

Zebra crossing and crosswalk safety line;

Five, road traffic command signal

* Traffic lights at intersections

When managing traffic, traffic police should set up traffic control lights at intersections to direct vehicles and pedestrians in all directions to pass through intersections. Traffic lights, commonly known as traffic lights, consist of red, yellow and green lights.

Green light signal

The green light is a signal to allow traffic. When the green light is on, vehicles and pedestrians are allowed to pass, but turning vehicles shall not interfere with the passing of straight vehicles and pedestrians.

Yellow light signal

When the yellow light is on, it gives people a dangerous feeling and needs attention. This is a warning stop signal. When the yellow light is on, vehicles and pedestrians are not allowed to pass, but vehicles that have crossed the stop line and pedestrians who have entered the crosswalk can continue to pass. In addition, when the yellow light is on, right-turn vehicles and straight vehicles without crosswalks on the right side of the T-junction can pass, which does not hinder the passage of vehicles and pedestrians.

Red light signal

When the red light is on, people associate "fire" with blood, making them feel more dangerous, which is an absolute no-go signal. When the red light is on, vehicles and pedestrians are not allowed to pass. However, when a right-turn vehicle and a straight vehicle without crosswalk on the right side of the T-junction encounter a red light signal, they can pass on the premise of not hindering the passage of vehicles and pedestrians.

* crosswalk signal light

Crosswalk illusion. Located beside the crosswalk to guide pedestrians to cross the crosswalk. Pedestrian street lights consist of red lights and green lights.

Six, walking safety knowledge

* Pedestrians should walk on the sidewalk, and those without sidewalks should walk on the right side of the road.

* Don't parallel more than two people on the sidewalk, and don't walk more than two rows.

* Don't play games, play football, skate or chase on the road.

* Don't read on the road, and pay attention to the coming car.

* When crossing the road, you should take the sidewalk, overpass or tunnel.

* crosswalks with signal control shall pass according to the signal regulations.

* When crossing a road without a crosswalk, go straight ahead and don't rush; Pay attention to the cars coming from both sides, and don't cross suddenly when the car is coming.

* Pupils should wear yellow safety helmets and hold "Let" plates to attract the attention of passing vehicles.

* Be extra careful when walking in foggy and rainy days, and it is best to wear brightly colored clothes or raincoats.

* It is forbidden to cross, climb and lean against isolation piers or guardrails.

* It is forbidden to pick up, chase or throw cars.

* Never forget not to walk on the highway.

Seven, riding safety knowledge

Primary and middle school students often like to go to school by bike. But I need to remind you that/kloc-children under 0/2 are not allowed to ride on the road.

Drive. When riding a bicycle on the road, pay attention to the following safety knowledge:

* After riding training and mastering riding skills, you can ride on the road. You can't learn to ride a bike on the road or on the street.

* Don't ride a bicycle with invalid safety components (such as brakes).

* Cycling should be in the non-motor vehicle lane. If there is no non-motor vehicle lane, you should drive on the right side of the road.

* Cycling in the streets of large and medium-sized cities, with no one in the back seat.

* Ride through intersections with traffic lights and obey the traffic signals.

* can't covet convenience, take it near and forcibly retrograde.

* When riding a bicycle, don't leave your hands, don't lift things with your hands, don't ride in corners, don't make sharp turns, and don't climb tractors and other motor vehicles.

* No more than two people are allowed to ride in parallel and chase each other.

* When turning, line grabbing and violent turning are not allowed. Slow down before turning. After observing the situation to ensure safety, reach out and signal to pass.

* When crossing more than four motorways, get off.

* Ride slowly at night.

* Don't enter the highway to ride a bike.

* The height of bicycle should not exceed 1.5m from the ground, the width should not exceed 15cm from the handlebar, the front end of the length should not exceed the wheels, and the rear end should not exceed 30cm from the body. Because of the poor stability of bicycles, if the load is too high, too long, too wide or too heavy, it is easy to fall and cause danger.

Eight, ride civilization, safety requirements

* Observe the waiting order and queue at the designated location.

* After the car stops, wait for the people who get off first, and then get on the bus in order.

* Are not allowed to carry inflammable, explosive, toxic and other dangerous goods by car.

* When the vehicle is driving, no part of the body is allowed to stick out of the window, and objects are not allowed to be thrown out of the window.

* Don't chat with the driver who is driving, or have other behaviors that affect the driver's driving.

* When taking a bus, if you don't have a seat, you should firmly grasp the handle or the back of the chair to prevent you from falling when you suddenly brake.

Don't get off the bus until it stops. When you get off the bus, pay attention to the situation of nearby cars. Don't come out suddenly or run hard to avoid being hurt by passing cars.