With the gradual improvement of the Yellow River flood control project construction, people pay more and more attention to the problems and weak links in the Yellow River flood control project, especially the influence of clear water discharge on the downstream flood control project after the new Xiaolangdi water control project is put into use, which causes the change of river regime and increases the probability of accidents. Therefore, it is more important to study the emergency rescue methods of flood control projects. Too much manpower, high investment and no obvious effect have caused great losses to flood control projects. In order to solve the above problems, the special water-absorbing expansion bag for flood control and emergency rescue has the advantages of simple operation, convenient carrying, rapid expansion when meeting water, rapid weight gain and so on, and can be widely used in flood control and emergency rescue, dike leakage, flood overflow protection, temporary heightening of flood control dams, temporary waterproof wall construction, slope protection and scour prevention, engineering closure, culvert tunnel plugging and so on.

2. The development of water-absorbing expansion bag is compared with the experiment of traditional rescue tools in flood control engineering.

The water-absorbing expansion bag is a non-toxic, odorless, water-insoluble and non-flammable polymer artificially synthesized with super absorbent resin, which has high water absorption. The expansion agent is placed in an outer bag made of non-woven fabric with good water permeability. When it comes into contact with water, the resin expands and gels in a short time, and its volume expands rapidly and its weight increases rapidly. The expansion speed of the expansion bag reaches the maximum expansion within 2-3 minutes. It can reach 80- 100 times the original volume. According to the characteristics of small size, light weight, easy to carry and rapid expansion after encountering water, we conducted two kinds of tests and comparisons of dike closure and cofferdam closure.

2. 1 plugging test

2. 1. 1 Manufacture of water-absorbing expansion bag in plugging. The bag consists of closed non-woven fabric with good air permeability and water permeability, umbrella-mounted bone frame made of cold-drawn steel wire, and a small amount of super absorbent resin expansion material filled in the frame. The bottom end is fixed on the steel pipe handle, which can be processed and grown to about 0.5 ~ 1m as required. Different types of expansion bags, with a diameter of 0. 1 ~ 0.2m, each bag is only 300g~800g. After absorbing water, they expand rapidly, and the weight increases rapidly to10kg ~ 20kg, with a diameter of 0.2 ~ 0.8m They are suitable for plugging various irregular holes with a diameter below 0.5m. 。

2. Usage of1.2

Two or more emergency rescuers with good water quality find out the location of the leakage point according to the discovery and development of the leakage point, predict the diameter of the drilling hole according to the water depth, select different types of water-absorbing expansion bags, and use them to re-enter the hole. At the same time, the string is pulled out to break the bag and the resin expands when it meets water. When the water depth is less than 2m, the probe can be used to send the expansion bag into the hole, and the resin will expand and gel when it meets water. The bag will be squeezed to the hole wall by the pressure of water and the rapid expansion of the resin in the expansion bag, and it will be blocked in time.

2. 1.3 According to the test, when the dam is 7m high, the inlet water depth is 3m and the inlet diameter is 15cm, the water bag, soft curtain, straw and stone net bag are used for plugging, and at the same time, the water-absorbing expansion bag for flood control and emergency rescue is used for plugging. Judging from the above plugging methods, the use of inflatable bags for flood control and emergency rescue is the simplest, with the shortest air-closing time of only 2 minutes, which can buy time for emergency rescue. Due to the rapid expansion in contact with water, it continues to expand at the mouth of the cave until the mouth of the cave is completely blocked, achieving complete air tightness, saving manpower and material resources, and being simple and feasible to operate. In fact, it is an ideal product for emergency rescue and plugging.

2.2 River closure test

2.2. 1 The expansion bag used in river closure is a sack with a length of 65cm and a width of 40cm. Two layers of non-woven fabrics with strong water absorption are sewn into a rectangular bag and filled with 150g super absorbent resin. 2.2.2 Usage: firstly, carry the expansion bag for flood control and emergency rescue to a dangerous place, unpack it, put it in water, and then take it out and put it in the queue.

4. Performance characteristics of water-absorbing expansion bag

4. 1 The water-absorbing expansion bag is small in size, light in weight and convenient to store and transport before use. Compared with traditional methods, it can greatly reduce manpower and buy time for emergency rescue.

4.2 The bag is an environmentally friendly product, which is non-toxic, tasteless and pollution-free.

4.3 After flood discharge, sand and gravel siltation will not be formed, and manpower and material resources can be removed without moving again, and can be reused to better protect the environment and natural resources.

5. Overview

To sum up, the invention has the characteristics of simple operation, convenient carrying, fast expansion speed when meeting water, time and labor saving and good protection effect, and can be widely applied to engineering flood control, emergency rescue, dike leakage, overflow protection, temporary heightening of flood control dams, construction of temporary waterproof walls, slope protection and corrosion prevention, engineering river closure and plugging of underground ditches or holes. It can replace woven bags for emergency rescue, reduce manpower, improve the speed of emergency rescue, and has a wide promotion range.

Application field:

1. It is used for flood control, emergency rescue, flood dike leakage i, temporary heightening of flood dike, temporary waterproof siege construction, seepage landslide of reservoir and river dike, slope protection and scour prevention, project closure, and hole plugging of underground ditches;

2. Used for drainage of warehouses, courtyards, ditches, ponds and flooded cultivated land.

3. Used in factories, tunnels, underground parking lots, subways and other places that are easily flooded to prevent falling into the water.

4. It is used to absorb water in stagnant water places such as roads, bridges and competition venues on construction sites.

5. Used in mines, oil and gas field mining and other industrial and mining enterprises that need rapid water removal.