High inventory is a difficult problem in non-ferrous metal industry. Due to the small demand and the small inventory of enterprises, the market of small metal varieties such as tungsten, antimony and rare earth has been in a long-term downturn. The Ministry of Land and Resources has issued the Notice on the Control Indicators of the Total Mining Amount of Tungsten, Antimony and Rare Earth Mines in 2009 (hereinafter referred to as the Notice), which not only clarified the total mining amount of tungsten, antimony and rare earth mines, but also implemented the total mining amount management for antimony mines for the first time, and suspended the exploration and mining rights of three specific minerals applying for protective mining until June 30, 2009. Tungsten, antimony and rare earth are rare and dominant minerals in China, which are overexploited. 199 1 year, the State Council listed tungsten, tin, antimony and ionic rare earth as specific minerals for national protective mining. In order to further protect these superior minerals, China has implemented a total mining control policy and made an overall plan for the annual mining amount of rare earth and tungsten, so as to raise the price of mineral products and strive for the right to speak in the international market. China is the largest producer of antimony ore in the world, with proven reserves of 2.46 million tons (metallic antimony), accounting for 55.8% of the world. The Notice listed antimony ore in the management sequence of total mining control. Although China has controlled the total exploitation of tungsten and rare earth, the output of tungsten and rare earth in the market is still far higher than the market demand. Take tungsten concentrate as an example. At the beginning of 2008, the state issued a total control index of 66,850 tons of tungsten concentrate (including 65% tungsten trioxide), and state-owned mines did not exceed the index. However, "according to the output of downstream products of tungsten, the output of tungsten concentrate in China market is at least120,000 tons, which is twice the total control." An industry insider who asked not to be named pointed out. Since the total amount of mining is completely controlled, where does the tungsten with more mining quotas come from in the market? Generally speaking, these "surplus" tungsten concentrates come from domestic private tungsten mines and are imported from abroad. Tungsten is a national protected mineral, and the mining license is strictly and prudently issued. Since 2002, China has implemented total tungsten mining control and suspended the issuance of tungsten mining licenses for six years. It is understood that relatively speaking, the approval of aluminum mines is not so strict, so there has been a phenomenon of "selling dog meat by hanging sheep's head": enterprises hold the right to mine aluminum mines, but actually mine tungsten concentrates as "associated mines". Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province is the largest producer of tungsten concentrate in China, and Dayu County is known as the "World Tungsten Capital". Including state-owned enterprises, there are 19 tungsten mining licenses. In Dayu county, the state-owned mine has been in service for a long time, and its grade has declined, so it has not replaced the mine. State-owned enterprises have been surrounded by private enterprises, and the pressure of prospecting is enormous. In addition, in order to avoid the restriction of mining license, some enterprises adopt the hidden operation mode of "prospecting instead of mining", and tungsten concentrate is "explored". In this way, under multi-head mining, excess tungsten concentrate flows into the market. In addition to domestic tungsten concentrate, there are also imported products. Some enterprises in the bonded area import tungsten concentrates from Vietnam, Russia and other countries, further increasing the domestic market stock of tungsten concentrates. In addition to tungsten, the scene of antimony mine is also roughly the same. There are numerous pits, large and small, around the mines of Xing Shan Antimony Industry in Xikuangshan, Hunan Province. The original tin mine was like a "fat cow", and now the only antimony mine that can be used is "cow's tail". In addition, smuggling of antimony ore is rampant, which further worsens the antimony market. It is generally believed in the industry that even without the financial crisis, China's tungsten, antimony and rare earth markets will definitely experience a "disaster", and the financial crisis will accelerate this day. The total amount of interest game is controlled to reduce exploitation. Who controls exploitation? The above-mentioned insiders believe: "Total mining actually limits the mining capacity of state-owned mines, while private enterprises have been favored and supported by the local government." State-owned mines are supervised by functional departments at all levels, and the production and operation of enterprises are carried out in strict accordance with the annual mining indicators. The production task of local private enterprises depends entirely on the market. Whenever the market demand is strong, the output will increase. Some private enterprises conceal or omit the output, and the real output is difficult to be supervised. Therefore, the total control has put a "tight spell" on state-owned enterprises, and private mines have been "freed" from policies. Mineral resources are owned by the state, which is not a slogan. However, over the years, private excavation and indiscriminate mining of mineral resources have been repeatedly prohibited. After several rectifications, this phenomenon has been curbed, but seemingly legal "exploration and mining" is still eating away at mineral resources. Behind these phenomena is the game between central and local interests, long-term interests and immediate interests. From a macro point of view, tungsten, rare earth and antimony are all strategic resources of the country, and the state takes measures to protect them; From the perspective of local interests, the development of local economy mainly depends on these mineral products. As a local government, private enterprises are the main force of tax contribution, and will inevitably be tilted by all aspects. That's understandable. In some places, mining revenue accounts for more than half of fiscal revenue, and in some places it is as high as 80%. A city based on mining can only "rely on mountains to eat mountains". The rapid growth of GDP in China is inseparable from the rapid growth of local GDP. Although the central government "has policies", local governments "have countermeasures" and try their best to support local enterprises in order to achieve GDP targets. Due to the financial crisis, the demand for mineral products plummeted. Although the central government issued the Plan for the Adjustment and Revitalization of Nonferrous Metals Enterprises, the policy effect has been transmitted to the market for some time. The state issued a purchasing and storage plan, and the "rain" did not fall on local private enterprises. Affected by the crisis, most private mines have reduced production and stopped production, and the direct consequence is the decline in fiscal revenue. In some places, there is even a phenomenon of government loans to pay wages. To some extent, saving enterprises is saving finance. Private enterprises are the main force of local profits and taxes. Under the multiple "pressures" of GDP growth, fiscal revenue, employment and "political achievements", Yunnan, Jiangxi and other places have successively introduced mineral products purchasing and storage plans to save enterprises with operational difficulties. In this massive rescue campaign, private enterprises are the key support targets. Through the way of mortgage loan, private enterprises have obtained the funds needed for development. Local governments have formulated various preferential policies to save enterprises, resume production and wait for the market to pick up. In this way, it has fallen into the strange circle of "excessive inventory-market downturn-rectification". Solution Due to the large domestic stocks of tungsten, antimony and rare earth, the voice of calling on the state to purchase and store is constant. As we all know, the national reserve is a "reservoir", and tungsten, antimony and rare earth are all strategic resources. In the case of large inventory and low price in the market, the state takes out special reserve funds for storage and storage, and reserves excess inventory, which is the most direct way to solve the current excessive inventory. Facing the current financial crisis, local governments take the form of mortgage loans, and banks provide development funds for enterprises. However, in the long run, this form of purchasing and storage has not reduced the inventory on the market. Sooner or later, the market will pick up and these inventory products will still go to the market. When these stocks are released, it will inevitably lead to a new round of market impact. Therefore, the local government's purchasing and storage is only an expedient measure, and it cannot completely solve the crisis and contradiction. Historically, China has repeatedly suspended the issuance of mining licenses to reduce the amount of mining. 1999, the state issued the notice on suspending the issuance of mining licenses for eight kinds of minerals such as rare earths. In 2000, the Notice on Continuing to Suspend the Issuance of Mining Licenses for Eight Kinds of Minerals, such as Rare Earth, was issued. In 2005, the Notice of General Office of the State Council on Forwarding the Opinions of Development and Reform Commission and Other Departments on Strengthening the Management of Tungsten, Tin and Antimony Industry was issued. In 2006, when the total control index of tungsten and rare earth mining was issued, the mining license was also suspended. Generally speaking, the macro-control policy of suspending the issuance of mining licenses has played a positive role in stabilizing the market prices of tungsten, antimony and rare earth products and controlling the total output. According to the data of the Department of Mineral Development and Management of the Ministry of Land and Resources, there are currently 28 effective tungsten exploration rights, 72 rare earth exploration rights and 74 antimony exploration rights in China, and their prospecting results will be released in recent years. Considering the expected market demand for tungsten, antimony and rare earth, and alleviating the situation of excessive output, the notice proposes to suspend the acceptance of applications for exploration and mining rights of tungsten, antimony and rare earth mines until June 30, 20 10, in order to cooperate with the implementation of total mining control management. In the current market environment, this policy is a way to reduce exploitation and alleviate market surplus, but it is also a long-term process. Local governments need private enterprises to contribute to finance, enough jobs and rapid GDP growth. Controlling mineral production can only transfer contradictions. To solve this contradiction, we must find new support points and growth points for GDP, employment and fiscal revenue. Tungsten, rare earth and antimony, as superior resources in China, have not been really digested and utilized at home, and most of them are used for export. According to the data of China Tungsten Industry Association, the global tungsten consumption in 2008 was equivalent to125,300 tons of tungsten concentrate. The domestic consumption of tungsten concentrate is 50,500 tons, the export of tungsten products is equivalent to 58,300 tons of tungsten concentrate, and the import of metallic tungsten containing tungsten waste is about 1.25 million tons. More than half of China's rare earths are exported, and the deep processing technology of rare earths is still relatively backward. For areas rich in mineral resources, it is necessary to strengthen the transformation of resource advantages into industrial advantages, encourage the development of deep processing enterprises of tungsten, antimony and rare earths, and build a complete industrial chain. By lengthening the industrial chain, the added value of mineral products has been increased, employment has been guaranteed, and the government's fiscal revenue and GDP have also steadily increased. In order to support enterprises to tide over the difficult times, Ganzhou officially implemented the plan of purchasing and storing tungsten and rare earth mineral products in 2009 1 month, and carried out the work of storing tungsten and rare earth mineral products. Different from other places, Ganzhou takes deep processing enterprises as the main body to protect the whole industrial chain. In 2009 1-1 February, Ganzhou plans to reserve tungsten concentrate and tungsten processed products110,000 tons, and rare earth ores and various rare earth separated products110,000 tons to save the local tungsten and rare earth industrial chain. "The identification and inspection of tungsten ore is very simple. Compared with gold, its liquidity is stronger than gold, which is an important reason for its popularity. " Some insiders said humorously: "Greed drives people away." This poem by Lu Fangweng illustrates the driving force of the prevalence of private mining and indiscriminate excavation. Imagine an authoritative organization that can protect mineral resources like forest trees and balance long-term and current interests, central and local interests from a macro perspective. Then, industries such as tungsten, antimony and rare earth will develop more harmoniously.

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