Chapter I General Provisions Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution in order to comprehensively promote the construction of a contingent of high-quality judges, strengthen the management and supervision of judges, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, ensure that the people's courts independently exercise judicial power according to law, ensure that judges perform their duties according to law, and ensure judicial justice. Article 2 Judges are judges who exercise state judicial power according to law, including presidents, vice presidents, members of judicial committees, presidents, vice presidents and judges of special people's courts such as the Supreme People's Court, local people's courts at various levels and military courts. Article 3 Judges must faithfully implement the Constitution and laws, safeguard social fairness and justice, and serve the people wholeheartedly. Article 4 A judge shall treat the parties and other participants in litigation fairly, and treat all individuals and organizations equally in the application of laws. Article 5 A judge should be diligent and conscientious, be honest in performing official duties and abide by professional ethics. Article 6 When trying a case, a judge should be based on facts, take the law as the criterion, and adhere to an objective and fair position. Article 7 A judge shall perform his duties according to law and be protected by law, and shall not be interfered by administrative organs, social organizations or individuals. Chapter II Duties, Obligations and Rights of Judges Article 8 Duties of Judges:

(a) to participate in the collegial panel or to hear criminal, civil and administrative litigation and state compensation cases separately according to law;

(2) Handling extradition and judicial assistance cases according to law;

(3) Other duties as prescribed by law.

Judges are responsible for cases within their competence. Article 9 The president, vice-presidents, members of the judicial committee, the president and the vice-president of the people's court shall, in addition to performing judicial duties, perform duties appropriate to their posts. Article 10 A judge shall perform the following obligations:

(1) Strictly abide by the Constitution and laws;

(two) handle cases impartially, not bending the law;

(three) to protect the litigation rights of the parties and other participants in litigation according to law;

(four) to safeguard the interests of the state and society, and to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of individuals and organizations;

(five) to keep state secrets and judicial secrets, and to keep business secrets and personal privacy known in the course of performing their duties;

(6) Accepting legal supervision and mass supervision according to law;

(seven) to explain the law by handling cases according to law, strengthen the concept of the rule of law, and promote the construction of a society ruled by law;

(eight) other obligations stipulated by law. Article 11 A judge shall enjoy the following rights:

(a) the functions and powers and working conditions that a judge should have to perform his duties;

(2) It shall not be transferred, dismissed, demoted, dismissed or punished unless due to legal reasons or legal procedures;

(3) Occupational security and welfare benefits that judges should enjoy when performing their duties;

(4) The safety of person, property and residence shall be protected by law;

(five) to lodge a complaint or accusation;

(6) Other rights as prescribed by law. Chapter III Conditions and Selection of Judges Article 12 A judge must meet the following conditions:

(1) Having China nationality;

(two) support the constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC), the leadership of the party and the socialist system;

(3) Having good political and professional qualities and moral conduct;

(4) Having the physical conditions to perform their duties normally;

(five) with a bachelor's degree in law and bachelor's degree or above; Or bachelor degree or above in illegal studies in ordinary colleges and universities, master degree or above in law; Or ordinary colleges and universities illegally learn bachelor degree or above, obtain other corresponding degrees, and have legal professional knowledge;

(six) engaged in legal work for five years. Among them, those who have obtained master of law, master of law and doctor of law can be relaxed to four years and three years respectively;

(seven) the new judge shall obtain the legal professional qualification through the national unified legal professional qualification examination.

If it is really difficult to apply for the academic qualifications specified in Item (5) of the preceding paragraph, the academic qualifications of serving as a judge may be relaxed to a certain period of undergraduate graduation in institutions of higher learning upon examination and confirmation by the Supreme People's Court. Article 13 The following persons shall not serve as judges:

(1) Having received criminal punishment for committing a crime;

(2) Being expelled from public office;

(3) Lawyers and notaries have their practice certificates revoked or their names removed by the Arbitration Commission;

(4) Other circumstances prescribed by law. Article 14 A newly appointed judge shall be selected from among those who have the qualifications of a judge by means of examination and assessment, in accordance with the standard of having both ability and political integrity.

The president of the people's court shall have legal professional knowledge and legal professional experience. The vice-chairmen and members of the judicial committee shall be selected from among judges, prosecutors or other persons qualified as judges. Article 15 The people's court may, according to the needs of judicial work, openly select judges from lawyers, law teachers, researchers and other people engaged in the legal profession.

In addition to being qualified as a judge, lawyers who participate in public selection should also have at least five years of practical experience, rich experience and good reputation. Law teachers and researchers who participate in the open selection should have intermediate titles or above, have been engaged in teaching and research for more than five years, and have outstanding research ability and corresponding research results.