First, learning to write travel notes should reflect the location characteristics and seasonal characteristics of the scenery.
Second, the characteristics of concise sentences in the article.
Teaching emphases and difficulties
First, learning to write travel notes should reflect the location characteristics and seasonal characteristics of the scenery.
Second, give priority to self-reading because the language of the article is simple.
Teaching time
Three times teaching
First teaching time
Teaching content steps
I. Introduction to the author
Yao Nai (1731-1815), also known as Mr. Bao, was a famous essayist in Qing Dynasty. He is a student of Liu Dahuai, a native of Tongcheng County, Anhui Province. He is a famous literary school in Qing dynasty? Tongcheng school? One of the founders of. He used to be a doctor of punishments (registered imperial history, compiled by Siku Quanshu Library). After resigning from his post, he has lectured in colleges such as Jiangning and Yangzhou for more than forty years. He is the author of The Complete Works of Xi Baoxuan and Nine Classics. The Collection of Classical Chinese Vocabulary compiled by him selects representative works of various styles from the works of past dynasties and is widely circulated as a model for learning ancient Chinese. His writing style is elegant, rigorous and unique.
? Tongcheng school? It is the main genre of prose in Qing dynasty, and its founder is Fang Bao in Kangxi period, who pays attention to articles? Easy to send? Advocate to go? Muslim elegance? The article holds that Confucius, Mencius, Cheng, Zhu Zhidao and Lu Dakui all learned from there, developed his theory and emphasized? Justice, scroll, economy? It is required to expound Cheng, Zhu and Neo-Confucianism, and at the same time advocate imitating the "qi", "sound" and "sentence" of the ancients in artistic form. Yao Nai is a disciple of Damu Liu Kui. His slogan is: "Justice, textual research and rhetoric should not be neglected." In fact, it is based on "textual research" and "Zhang Ci" to explain the Confucian righteousness. Because the above three people are all from Tongcheng, Anhui, people call them Tongcheng School (but not all writers of Tongcheng School later).
This article is a travel note written by Yao Nai after his winter visit to Mount Tai in 1774. The article closely follows the characteristics of Mount Tai in the middle of winter and vividly depicts the majestic Mount Tai. Reflect the magnificence of the motherland's mountains and rivers. The order of the article is: always write the location of Mount Tai, describe the climbing process, watch the sunrise at the top of the mountain, return to the architecture and stone carving, and make up the natural landscape, step by step, like a line running through, fascinating. There are not many pens to write about scenery, but they can convey the god of scenery. Side contrast is the main writing method of this paper.
Second, the whole article explains the road.
Mount Tai is located in the middle of Shandong Province, extending from the east bank of Dongping Lake to the northeast to the south of Zibo, with a length of about 200 kilometers. Generally speaking, climbing Mount Tai refers to climbing its main peak, Jade Emperor Top. Yuhuangding is located in the north of Tai 'an, which was called Dongyue in ancient times. Also known as Daishan and Daizong, the main scenic spots are Nantianmen, Xianren Bridge, Sunguanfeng and Snake Cliff. The most famous buildings are Dai Temple and Vishnu Yuan Jun Temple. These are all related to the logic of the article. Let me explain first.
One of the main goals for ordinary people to visit Mount Tai is to watch the sunrise at the Sun Peak. Therefore, this paper first points out the geographical position of Mount Tai with Wenshui and Jishui as reference objects, and then points out the position of the sun peak with the ancient Great Wall (Qi Great Wall) as reference objects, indicating that the author will climb the mountain. The following is the main body of the article:
According to the travel notes, it is divided into two layers: the first layer is about climbing mountains and watching the sunrise; The latter layer records the ancient buildings, stone carvings, geological conditions, moving poles, etc. of Mount Tai, all of which were seen during the tour. When you record your trip, the time will also be displayed. For example, when you climbed the mountain, it was 65438+February? Ding Wei? Day (28th),? Too late? Reach the top of the mountain; Watch the sunrise? Wu Shen? Day (29th)? Five drums? Visit ancient buildings and stone carvings after sunrise. The content of this article is very clear.
"Climbing Mount Tai" describes the author's two-day trip to Mount Tai with friends, and reproduces the magnificent scenery of Chu Qing after the snow on Mount Tai. It is a well-known masterpiece in landscape travel notes.
The full text consists of five paragraphs, taking mountaineering as a clue, describing the geographical location, climbing time and distance of Mount Tai, focusing on the scenery seen along the way.
The first paragraph: I have been writing about the geographical situation of Mount Tai, pointing out the geographical location of Mount Tai and its highest peak-Sunguan Peak. (The author uses by? Face? The writing technique from line to point: first, write Wen shui and Ji shui, which is superficial; Then the dividing line between the two waters-the ancient Great Wall-is this line; Then, taking the ancient Great Wall as a reference, it points out the position of the highest peak of Mount Tai-Riguan Peak, which is the point. This paved the way for the following description of the mountaineering route and the show view.
The second paragraph describes the process of climbing, focusing on the difficulties of climbing and the scene after reaching the top of the mountain, which is one of the focuses of this paper. Write from Shi Jing to Taian first, and point out the time and season of the tour; Then from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain, the distance, the stone steps of the mountain road, the route passed, the climbing situation of the ancients and some related geographical knowledge are described in detail: finally, the sight seen after writing the top of the mountain, from far to near, from top to bottom, writes the majestic and majestic Mount Tai.
The third paragraph mainly describes the moving scene of the sunrise on Mount Tai, which is a key point of the article. The author wrote different scenery before sunrise, at sunrise and after sunrise in chronological order, showing readers the rapidly changing picture of sunrise in Mount Tai.
The fourth paragraph: Introduce the cultural landscape of Mount Tai. First, write the mountain architecture around Riguan Peak as a reference, and then write the stone carvings in the road on the way back to show the ancient style of Mount Tai.
The fifth paragraph introduces the natural landscape of Mount Tai. This is the author's overall impression of Mount Tai after visiting the mountain. It ends with knee-high snow.
Third, teach the first paragraph of the article.
1, words:
Different meanings in ancient and modern times: Yang-Yanggu are all in the text (Yang, Shan Zhinan, the north of the water is called Yang, but today it is unintentional, and it is generally used for sunshine, noodles and so on. All the water in the valley south of Mount Tai flows into Wenshui. )
Function words:
When: when its north and south split (in, in? Place, preposition. )
Flexible use of words: western, eastern, eastern and directional nouns as adverbials. )
Sentence pattern: When divided into north and south, the ancient Great Wall is also. (who? Yes Judgment. judgment. )
Text translation:
South of Mount Tai, warm (sanitary) water flows west; To the north of the mountain, the water flows eastward. All the water in the valley south of Mount Tai flows into Wenshui, and all the water north of Mount Tai flows into Jishui. At the junction of the north and south of the valley is the ancient Great Wall. The highest point is Sun Guanfeng, fifteen miles south of the city.
Work design:
Read the text carefully.
Blackboard design:
Climbing Mount Tai-Yao Nai
Teach the first paragraph of the article.
1, words:
Different meanings in ancient and modern times: Yang-Yanggu are all in the text (Yang, Shan Zhinan, the north of the water is called Yang, but today it is unintentional, and it is generally used for sunshine, noodles and so on. All the water in the valley south of Mount Tai flows into Wenshui. )
Function words:
When: when its north and south split (in, in? Place, preposition. )
Flexible use of words: western, eastern, eastern and directional nouns as adverbials. )
Sentence pattern: When divided into north and south, the ancient Great Wall is also. (who? Yes Judgment. judgment. )