The Great Leap Forward refers to ignoring the objective laws, striving for an early realization of capitalism and developing socialism at an extremely exaggerated speed. At the Eleventh Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 1958, the CPC Central Committee put forward the general line of "building socialism with all efforts, striving for the upper reaches, as fast as possible", but in practice, it only paid attention to how fast it was, ignoring harmony and province. There has been a situation of steelmaking by the whole people, which is seriously exaggerated. And put forward slogans such as "catching up with Britain and America in ten years" and "surpassing Britain and America in five years", which were very inconsistent with the reality at that time.

People's commune is to put all the people into a commune and arrange the ration distribution in a unified way, which is the embodiment of egalitarianism. In the people's commune, the income of everyone and every family is divided according to work and distributed according to work. This egalitarianism has greatly hurt the enthusiasm of farmers and is not conducive to the improvement of socialist agricultural productivity.