Many people who have read the romance of the Three Kingdoms know it? The Battle of Yiling? The reason is that Soochow seized Jingzhou and killed Guan Yu, Liu Bei's sworn brother. In a rage, Liu Bei vowed to avenge Guan Yu, regardless of everyone's opposition, which opened the prelude to the Wu-Shu war. So, in the real history, is the main reason why Liu Bei attacked Wu, as described in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, for revenge? Actually, it is not.
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms describes Liu Bei as a kind-hearted and affectionate person, but also a bit of a mother-in-law. But in history, Liu Bei was not only ambitious, but also decisive and scheming. When it came to doing something malicious, he never dragged his feet. This is actually very understandable. Liu Bei can start as a peddler selling straw sandals. After years of hard work, he finally established the Han Shu regime, and became a great man in the world together with Cao Cao and Sun Quan. How can he achieve great things by crying?
So people like Liu Bei? Old Jianghu? You must not take the national elite to desperately find Sun Quan on impulse. Besides, Guan Yu died in early 220, and Liu Bei attacked Wu in July of 22 1 year, a year and a half apart. During this period, Liu Bei also took time to become an emperor in Chengdu. From the perspective of time span, it is unreasonable to say that Liu Bei was impulsive and bent on punishing Wu Dong to avenge Guan Yu, regardless of the dissuasion of ministers.
So, why on earth did Liu Bei crusade against Wu Dong? In fact, it is mainly strategic considerations. Jingzhou lies in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. As long as this area is occupied, Yizhou can be captured upstream, Yangzhou can be captured downstream, and the hinterland of the Central Plains can be infiltrated northward. Therefore, it is a battleground for military strategists. After Sun Quan defeated Guan Yu and seized Jingzhou, Liu Bei's strategic advantage in the south disappeared.
According to Zhuge Liang? Longzhong, right? What strategic plan is waiting for Bei, who occupies Jing and Yi States? If the world changes, a general will be ordered to lead Jingzhou troops to Wan and Luo, and the general will lead Yizhou people out of Qinchuan. Who dares to meet the general without eating kettle pulp? If that's the case, we can think of everything, and the Han Dynasty can flourish. ? However, just after Liu Bei left? Longzhong, right? When the strategic concept was infinitely close, Jingzhou fell. Yizhou mountains and rivers are dangerous, easy to defend but difficult to attack, which is an ideal defensive rear, but Yizhou alone is far from enough to compete with Cao Wei and Sun Wu for the world. The gain and loss of Jingzhou can be said to be related to the life and death of Shu Han, so it is imperative for Liu Bei to rise up against Wu Dong.
In addition, Liu Bei thought that the strength of Shu Han at that time was no match for Cao Wei, but it was more than enough to fight Wu Dong, so he was aggressive in the process of eastward advancement, and Sun Quan's peace letter was directly thrown into the trash can by Liu Bei. But in fact, the strength of Shu Han and Wu Dong is just equal, so it's not surprising that either side beats the opponent.
Another important purpose of Liu Bei's insistence on sending troops to crusade against Wu Dong is to ease the internal contradictions between Shu and Han. At that time, there were three main forces in Yizhou area, one was Yizhou local Yizhou Group; The second is the Eastern Zhou Group, which was brought into Yizhou by Liu Zhang, the former Yizhou animal husbandry; The third is Jingzhou Group which Liu Bei brought into Yizhou after he entered Shu. Yizhou Group is a local powerful family, so it has an absolute advantage in economic strength. But in terms of political status, Jingzhou Group is the boss, Dongzhou Group is the second, and Yizhou Group can only rank third. As a result, Yizhou Group, which has money and no status, has become the object of exploitation. Whenever China needs to apportion money and grain, Yizhou Group will make a fortune, but the door of Han Shu's core management is completely closed to them.
Due to the serious inequality of rights and obligations, Yizhou Group is full of resentment against the Han Shu regime, and hopes that Cao Wei and Julian Waghann will go south as soon as possible to liberate them from the hot water. On the other hand, there is also a power game between Jingzhou Group and Dongzhou Group. The latter tried to take the upper position, while the former tried to prevent the latter from seizing more political power.
Therefore, in order to strengthen cohesion, Liu Bei must transfer internal contradictions by waging war. Later, when Liu Bei died, Zhuge Liang insisted on the Northern Expedition, although he clearly could not defeat Cao Wei.