English: the attraction of gossip * (During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the wind of "talking freely" prevailed in the society. "Ming Ming" is a cultural phenomenon in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. It inherited the ethos of Ming Ming in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and analyzed and questioned some metaphysical questions and debated them repeatedly.
"Speak clearly" is relative to talking about ordinary things. At that time, gentry and celebrities met and did not talk about the national economy and people's livelihood. Anyone who wants to talk about how to govern the country, how to enrich the people, and who has made remarkable achievements. Be sneered at and satirized for talking about worldly things.
Therefore, talking about Laozi, Zhuangzi and Zhouyi instead of worldly matters is called "making it clear". ) Absolute standard, please adopt and bless! From the British Niuren Group.
2. About the beauty of vegetables, Li Yu's classical Chinese translation is as follows:
When it comes to the delicacy of vegetables, they are light, clean and crispy. People don't know that vegetables are more delicious than meat, so the word fresh can be used to describe them. The Book of Rites said: "I am willing to accept peace and get something for nothing." Rarity is the source of sweetness. This kind of enjoyment can only be enjoyed by monks in the mountains, people in the wild and people who grow it themselves, but people who buy food from vegetable vendors in the city can't enjoy it. But other vegetables, whether in the city or in the mountains, can be planted by families with vegetable gardens next to their homes, picked and eaten at any time, and can also enjoy this kind of fun.
As for bamboo shoots, good ones can only be produced in mountains and cities, and no matter how fragrant and delicious they are, they are only inferior bamboo shoots. This is the most delicious vegetable, fat sheep and suckling pig. How can it be compared? As long as bamboo shoots and meat are cooked in the same pot and put together in the same pot, people only eat bamboo shoots and don't eat meat, which shows that bamboo shoots are more valuable than meat. I bought it in the market, let alone just dug it out of the mountains.
There are many ways to eat bamboo shoots, so you can't record them all. It can be summarized in two sentences: "boiled water should be used, and fat pigs should use meat." If a vegetarian cooks bamboo shoots with other things and then adds sesame oil, the taste of those things will take away the delicate flavor of bamboo shoots, and the real delicious taste of bamboo shoots will be lost. The correct way is to boil it in white water and add a little soy sauce. The best things are suitable for making alone, and bamboo shoots are like this. When cooked with meat, cows, sheep, chickens and ducks are not suitable, pork is suitable, especially with fat. Not the fat of fat, but the sweetness of fat. The sweetness was inhaled by bamboo shoots, and then I couldn't feel this sweetness, but I felt it was extremely rare. When it is almost cooked, all the grease should be removed, and no soup can be left, only half of it should be left, plus clear soup. Only vinegar and wine are used for seasoning. This is the general method of burning bamboo shoots. Bamboo shoots are delicious whether eaten alone or cooked together. Vegetarians can use bamboo shoots as side dishes.
Bamboo shoots in vegetables, like licorice in traditional Chinese medicine, are all necessary things. The food containing these things will be fresh, but juice is used instead of dregs. Chefs who can cook keep the soup for cooking bamboo shoots as long as they have it, and use it to reconcile every dish they cook. People who eat just feel fresh, but they don't know that the reason for freshness lies in bamboo shoots. All kinds of foods recorded in materia medica are not necessarily delicious, and delicious foods are not necessarily good for people. To have the best of both worlds, there is nothing better than bamboo shoots. Su Dongpo said: "Eating without meat is better than living without bamboo. No meat makes people thin, and no bamboo makes people vulgar. " But I don't know that things that can cure common diseases can also cure thinness. The only difference is whether it becomes bamboo.
The original text of On the Beauty of Vegetables is as follows:
On the beauty of food, it is clear, clean, fragrant and crisp. I don't know where the beauty lies. Only one word is fresh that can live on meat. "Ji" said: "Be willing to accept peace and be chosen for nothing." Freshness is what you are willing to do. This kind of sacrifice can only be offered to people who bow down in the garden, and city people can't beg for a living from vegetable sellers. However, he grows vegetables, regardless of the urban mountains and forests, and whoever has a garden next to his house has fun picking and cooking.
As for one of the bamboo shoots, it should have broken ground in the deep mountains and forests, and the products produced in the city are delicious, which is the final meaning of bamboo shoots. This dish is the first, fat and tender, so why not compare it? However, if bamboo shoots are cooked together, they will be filled with a reed. If people stop eating bamboo shoots and leave meat behind, then meat is fish and bamboo shoots are bear's paws. I bought it naturally in the city, but I dug it in the mountains.
There are many ways to eat bamboo shoots, and you can't know the history. Please sum it up in two words, saying, "boiled water is suitable for fat pork." If people in Zhai eat bamboo shoots, if they are served with other things and mixed with sesame oil, the old taste is delicious, but the real taste of bamboo shoots is gone. Boil it with a little soy sauce. Everything from beauty to beauty is conducive to going your own way, and so is this kind of thing. With meat, cows, sheep, chickens, ducks and other things are not suitable, only suitable for tapirs, but also suitable for fat. Fat doesn't want to be greasy, fat can be sweet. If it tastes sweet as bamboo shoots, it is not sweet, but it is delicious. Remove the grease when cooking, that is, don't store too much juice. It is good to leave half of the clear soup. The only thing that needs to be reconciled is vinegar and wine. This kind of bamboo shoot system is also very popular. Bamboo shoots are things, not only for personal use, but also beautiful. All foods, regardless of meat and vegetables, should be used for blending.
Bamboo shoots in vegetables and licorice in medicine are both necessary things, so all tastes are fresh, but they should not be replaced by their dregs, but by their *. Those who take care of people's good tools, those with bamboo shoots and soup, can't stay, and they must be reconciled every time they cook a meal. People who eat know the freshness of other things, but they don't know there is such freshness. All the foods contained in materia medica are not good for people, and those who are good may not be good for people. There's nothing better. Dongpo said: "Eating without meat is better than living without bamboo. No meat makes people thin, and no bamboo makes people vulgar. " I don't know whether it can cure vulgarity or thinness, but there is a difference between bamboo and bamboo.
Brief introduction of Li Yu:
Li Yu (1611680), formerly known as "Li Weng", was later renamed Yu. Han nationality, Li Xia Village, Lanxi, Jinhua, Zhejiang. Writers, dramatists, drama theorists and aestheticians in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.
As a clever boy, he was praised as "Li" by the world. He once set up a troupe to perform in various places, accumulated rich experience in drama creation and performance, and put forward a relatively perfect drama theory system. He was praised by later generations as "the father of China's drama theory", "the master of world comedy" and "Oriental Shakespeare", an advocate of leisure culture and a pioneer of cultural industry, and was listed as one of the world's cultural celebrities.
He has created a large number of works in his life, including Ten Songs of Li Weng (including Kite Mistake), Silent Play (also known as Lian), Twelfth Floor, Essays, A Family Talk by Li Weng and so on, with more than five million words. He also revised the History of the Three Kingdoms, revised Jin Ping Mei and initiated the compilation of Mustard Seed Garden, which is a rare artistic genius in the cultural history of China.
On the Beauty of Vegetables is one of Li Yu's essays.
3. Read the answer lightly 14. Can the first paragraph of the article be deleted? Why? (4 points)
15. Please analyze the main argumentation methods used in the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph and their functions. (4 points)
16. Please add a reasonable argument for the article on the horizontal line in the fifth paragraph according to the prompt of adding sentences before and after. (4 points)
17. combined with the content of the article, it is understood that "dazzling and attractive things are most likely to be contaminated with dust and dust, and ample light and spacious space are conducive to dust removal." Add some words to this sentence. (4 points)
(1) dust and dust (2) dust and dust.
18. Some people think that the "Lei Feng spirit" that advocates helping others in modern society conflicts with the view that this article is detached from the outside world and "out of the dust". Do you agree with this view? Tell me why. (4 points)
Answer:
14. No, the first paragraph attracts readers (1 point), which leads to the central argument of the article, "Take your time in the WTO and forget the dust" (2 points), and Zhu Ximou's famous saying also makes a reasonable argument for the article (1 point). If deleted, the argument structure of the article is not rigorous.
15. Metaphorical argument (1) compares most people to ships hijacked by desires (1), and vividly demonstrates that (1) people will become very complicated, tired, sleepy and tired because they worry too much and have too many desires (65438+).
16. Exactly what the question means. For example, a poem by Tao Yuanming: "Under the hedge of picking chrysanthemums, you can see Nanshan leisurely. The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back. " (The artistic conception of poetry should be light, and 2 points should be detached)
17. For example: dusty: let the original intention of life deviate from the direction, be covered by vanity, be blinded by glitz (2 points); Dust to dust: Let the dust in the heart be less, without too much scheming, the burden become lighter, the steps become relaxed, the mind is open-minded, and the experience of the world makes our heart close to the truth and our soul mature, steady and detached (2 points). (Note: "Dust" means "the mind is blinded and loses the direction of life"; "Dust removal" means "modesty, burden reduction, closeness to reality and detachment".
18. Disapproved (1). They talk about attitudes towards life from different angles. "Being indifferent to the secular world and not helping others" is not the pursuit of fame and fortune, desire and money, but the pursuit of self-cultivation, rather than the indifference to society and others, so it is not contradictory to doing good deeds. (2 points for the connotation of "light dust", language 1 point)
4. On-line Translation of Classical Chinese Article 74 Zheng Demao and Xingyang Zheng Demao often ride alone, always riding alone, always riding alone, and meeting a maid is very beautiful. Before the horse, he said, "Cui Furen welcomes Zheng Lang."
"I don't know Cui Furen, and I'm unmarried. Why do you say hello to me?" she asked. "My daughter-in-law and daughter are very tolerant," said the maid. "Cleaning the door is the right thing to do. It should be the right thing to do." Zheng was not a human being, and wanted to refuse, that is, more than a dozen people with yellow clothes and white heads came to say, "Madam (Madam Yue has not yet entered, but the lighting notes and Pai Cheng books have been revised. )
Interesting Jin Lang "needs to control horses.
I am very ill, but my ears are empty. When I arrived at a place, I envied the high gate of the city wall and planted walnut trees outside.
Zheng Li is outside the door, and the maid is white. A moment later, Wen life led Zheng Lang into.
Into the calendar door, the museum is very busy, Mrs. Mei Qing Luo skirt, but 40 years old, very cute, standing under the Dongtai steps. The maids are all fresh and complete.
Zheng worships again. The lady said, "No wonder you don't get along? With Zheng Langqing's beauty and talent, I am willing to marry well.
My daughter is incomparable, but fortunately she can hold on. "Zheng see overwhelmed, don't know how to say it is right, but only.
Madam is in class. Life led Zheng Lang to rise from the West.
In the class, I learned that flowers were used to recommend the land, seven treasure screens were used on the left and right sides of the foot bed, and blue foil silver hook beads were hung on the door. The long banquet was extremely rich and clean.
Just sit down. My wife is very talkative, chinese odyssey.
When the wine is finished, save silver, and you can use more than three buckets of amber as a wine glass. Ladies' drinks are very sweet.
At dusk, a maid turned to the front and said, "The girl is well dressed." I was ordered to lead Zheng Lang out of the room. )
Take a bath with Baiwei Xiang Tang and wear clothes around you. Ten beautiful maids helped and made fun of themselves.
From the hall to the door, step by step to the fireworks, but delayed Li Shimin. Female, 14 or 15 years old, beautiful, never seen.
Zheng sui dressed up beautifully and put on the crown, and she was filled with joy, and then she became a gift. Tomorrow, my wife will order her daughter to go to the East Hall, where we will set up red accounts and mattresses, all of which are well known.
Women are good at playing the piano, and the lyrics are new. Chen Uen: "What is the promise of riding a horse before marriage?" (Maybe the original is fake, but it's based on the Ming version. )
He said, "Now it's backwards." For more than a hundred days, although Zheng's love is quite heavy, he is also a little jealous.
Because the woman said, "Can you get the same thing?" The woman said sadly, "fortunately, I was awarded the job of the guild." But what if ghosts are separated? " Because of tears.
Zheng thought it strange, and Mrs. Bai said, "There are many doubts about losing my home, so I beg for it." The lady said, "Your kindness touched me deeply.
However, the nether world is extremely different, and we should have a rest. When we are apart, we will not be alone. "
Zheng also cried. It was a big meeting, and I said goodbye: "I will welcome you in the next three years."
Zheng Yi bowed, and the woman went out to shake hands with tears in her eyes, saying, "Although there is a later period, it is ok to extend the age. Pleasure is shallow, deviation is bitter.
Try to love yourself. "Zheng also sad sigh.
The woman sent a pair of red shirts and gold hair clips as a farewell, saying, "If you haven't forgotten each other, take this as an idea." But they left separately.
My wife gave it to Zheng Lang, the former Qing Qi, and changed it according to the original work. ) Good.
Zheng got on the horse and suddenly returned to his home. The slave went on to say, "I have lost my home for a year." Depending on what it gives, it's all true.
There is a saying in his family: "After Lang Jun went out, his horse came home, and no one sent it." Zheng began to look for his old place and saw a big grave, a small mound next to it and a tree in the front row, all of which had withered.
And what I saw before, I know that Hua Mao has become cloudy. Its left and right people scattered the tombs of Mrs Cui and Xiao Lang.
Zheng Youyi will die in three years. Later, if you see the old maid coming to pick you up by car.
Zheng Yue said: "Life and death are predestined. If you are happy, why should I worry? " It is known that family separation is the end, and tomorrow is death. Zheng Demao of Xingyang once rode alone and met a handmaid, who was very beautiful.
The maid came to the horse and said, "Cui Furen welcomes Zheng Lang." Zheng Lang said in surprise, "I have never known Cui Furen, and I have never been married. What is the reason for welcoming me? " The handmaid said, "My wife's little daughter is very beautiful, and she belongs to the A Qing family. It is very suitable for her to marry you."
Zheng Lang knew that she was not human and wanted to refuse her. A dozen servants in yellow clothes immediately arrived and said, "Madam, I urge Zheng Lang to go in." He stepped forward, pulled the horse and ran fast, only hearing the wind in his ear.
Soon I came to a place with high walls and doors, and rows of catalpa trees were planted outside. Zheng Lang stood outside the door, and the maid spoke first.
After a while, he ordered Zheng Lang to go in. After a few doors, the building is spectacular.
The lady is wearing a plum-green dress. He is about forty years old and very cute.
Standing under the east steps, there are eight or nine maids, all dressed brightly and neatly. When Zheng Lang met again, his wife said, "Don't blame me for wronged you, because Zheng Lang was born in a famous family and looks good, so it is better to entrust him for life.
My daughter will not take the initiative. I hope you can show your love for her. "Zheng Lang persecuted by her, don't know how to answer correctly, so we have to.
Madam, have Zheng Lang come up from the west steps of the hall. The floor of the hall was carpeted, and the people around it decorated their mats with Qibao screens, kneeling on their knees. There are bamboo curtains, silver hooks, beads and a long banquet on the door, all of which are extremely rich and clean.
Madam, let Zheng Lang sit down. My wife is easy to talk about and arrange, which is hard to compare with the world. After eating, I ordered wine. I filled about three barrels of amber with silverware and poured the wine into a carved cup.
Maid wine, very sweet. In the evening, a maid came forward and said, "The girl is dressed up."
Let people take Zheng Lang to the outside hall and take a bath with subway perfume. People around brought clothes, hats and shoes, and ten beautiful maids helped him into the drawing room, joking. From the hall to the door, they walked to the front of the candle and asked Zheng Lang to enter an account.
That woman is fourteen or fifteen years old, and she is very beautiful. She has never seen it before, and she is wearing gorgeous clothes. There was nothing better then. Zheng Lang was very happy and finished the wedding.
The next day, the lady asked the woman and Zheng Lang to go to Dongtang. There are red curtains hanging in the hall, and the bedding, cushions and cushions are extremely beautiful.
Women are good at playing the piano, and the lyrics are novel and special. Zheng Lang asked her: What about the horse I rode before Ying got married? "He replied," I have come back now. "
It took more than one hundred days. Although Zheng Lang was deeply in love, he was slightly suspicious in his heart, so he said to the woman, "Can I go back with you?" The woman said sadly, "I am very lucky to be together and serve you with me." The underworld is isolated from the world. What if it doesn't meet your wishes? " So I burst into tears.
Realizing her strangeness, Zheng Lang told his wife, "I'm suspicious, and I feel strange when I get lost at home. Please let me return it. " The lady said, "I was very excited by your attention just now."
5. Reading classical Chinese (19) Guo Jiachuan and Guo Jiazi are filial, and so are Yangchai people in Yingchuan 1.C2.A3.C4.( 1). They think too much and can't get to the point. They like planning, but they don't make decisions. It is too difficult to save the world and achieve the great cause of Wang Ba with such people. (2) He knows that his talent is not enough to control Liu Bei, and if Liu Bei is reused, he is worried that he will not be able to control it; If you despise Liu Bei, then Liu Bei will not work for him.
1. analysis: this kind of topic must be put back into the original text when answering questions. Michelle Obama: Just.
Test center: understand the meaning of common content words in classical Chinese in the text. The ability level is to analyze and understand B.
2. analysis: a both "pawn" are adverbs, and finally. Test center: Understand the meaning and usage of function words commonly used in classical Chinese.
The ability level is to understand B.3. Analysis: What C is worried about is not Cao Cao, but his subordinates.
Test center: summarize the main points of the content and summarize the central meaning. The ability level is analytical synthesis C.
4. Analysis: When translating such topics, we should first find out the key words or sentence patterns to be translated, usually literal translation, except for some figurative words, and then translate them as a whole. According to the norms of modern Chinese, the words can reach the sentence order. Test center: Understand and translate the sentences in the text.
The ability level is to understand B translation: Guo Jiazi is filial, from Yangzhai County, Yingchuan County. At first, Guo Jia visited Yuan Shao in the north and commented on Yuan Shao's advisers Xin and Guo Tu, saying, "A wise man is very cautious about the inspection and selection of the monarch who works for him, so he can succeed one hundred times in one hundred actions, thus gaining his reputation.
Yuan Gong just wanted to emulate Corporal Li Xian, the Duke of Zhou, but he didn't know the secret of employing people. There are too many clues to do things, and I can't grasp the essentials. I like planning, but I don't make decisions. It is too difficult to save the world and achieve the great cause of Wang Ba with such people! "Guo Jia immediately left Lombardi at this time.
Previously, the playwright in Yingchuan County was a man who was good at making suggestions, and Wei Taizu and Cao Cao valued him very much. Unfortunately, he died young.
Cao Cao wrote to Yu Xun, saying, "Zhicai is dead, and no one has discussed important matters with me. There are indeed many knights in Runan and Yingchuan. Who can replace him? " Yu Xun recommended Guo Jia.
Cao Cao summoned Guo Jia to discuss world affairs. Cao Cao said, "It must be this man who made my name famous all over the world."
After Guo Jia retired from Cao Cao, he also said happily, "He is really the Lord I can serve!" Cao Cao recommended Guo Jia to propose a toast to the Air Force. Cao Cao is ready to conquer 50,000 troops in Yuan Shang, western Liaoning, Shanggu and Peiping.
Many people in the subordinates are worried that Liu Biao will send Liu Bei to attack Xu County and call for a crusade against Cao Cao. Guo Jia said, "Although Cao Gong is a great power in the world, Wu Wan was unprepared because of his remote location.
But without preparation, our army will suddenly attack and win. Besides, Yuan Shao is very kind to Han Chinese and Wuwan people, and the Yuan Shang brothers are still here.
At present, Wei only uses power to make the people of Qing, Ji and You obey, and does not give them any kindness. Abandoning these four States and conquering Liu Biao in the south, Yuan Shang will inevitably recruit people who work hard for their Lord with the support of Wu Mu; As soon as Maruko moves, the people of Hanhu will respond.
This will make Ta Dun have aggressive ambition and realize his greedy plan, lest Qinghai and Hebei provinces are not ours. Liu Biao is just an empty talker who just talks big.
He knew that his talent was not enough to control Liu Bei. If he uses Liu Bei seriously, I'm afraid he can't control it. If you despise Liu Bei, then Liu Bei will not work for him. Therefore, even if we make an all-out expedition to Wuwan, Zuo Zongtang, you don't have to worry about anything. "
Cao Cao set off with his army. When he arrived in yi county, Guo Jia said, "The soldiers are very expensive.
Now that our army is conquering the enemy thousands of miles away, it is difficult to get a favorable opportunity quickly. In addition, when the enemy hears the news, he must be prepared. It's better to leave the trench, go into battle lightly and take it by surprise. "Cao Cao then quietly out, taking the Khan's stronghold.
When the enemy heard that Cao Cao was coming, they were very scared and rushed into battle. Jun defeated the enemy and killed Ta Dun and many generals below the general.
Yuan Shao and his younger brother Yuan fled to Liaodong. Later, Cao Cao came back from conquering Jingzhou and arrived in Baqiu. There was an epidemic in the army and he wanted to burn the ship. Cao Cao sighed and said, "If Guo Fengxiao were still here, I wouldn't be in this situation."
6. Chinese translation of Confucius' view of Zhou Temple.
original text
Confucius' outlook on Zhou has its own characteristics. Confucius asked the temple, "What is this?" He said, "This cover is for seat ②." Confucius said, "If you smell a seat, it will be covered when it is full, and it will be pressed when it is empty, which is regular 3. What is it? " Yes: "Of course." Confucius asked Luz to bring water to try. Cover it when it is full, press it when it is right, and press it when it is empty. Confucius sighed in shame: "Alas! Evil 4 is not covered! "
(Biography of Chinese Poetry)
Note: ① One: Tilt. ② Seat: the right side of the seat. "You" means "right". English: here, it means to fill the water to half. 4 evil (wū): where and how.
Translation:
Confucius visited the Zhou Temple and saw sacrificial vessels. Confucius asked the temple, "What is this?" The temple keeper replied, "This is a right-sitting device." Confucius said, "I heard that when you sit on the right hand, it will turn over when it is full of water, tilt when it is empty, and vertical when it is half full." Is that so? " The temple keeper replied, "That's right." Confucius asked Luz to try to fetch water. Sure enough, the water turned over when it was full, turned up when it was empty, and stood up when it was half full. Confucius sighed: "Alas! How can it be full without subversion! "
Experience and feelings:
From this story, we get two inspirations:
1. Be modest and prudent, not complacent.
We should learn from Confucius' hard work spirit, instead of blindly listening to rumors, we should do it ourselves.
Retroreflection:
1. An inappropriate container will tip over if it is filled with water, so you should be honest and knowledgeable first.
There is a lot of knowledge in the world, so we don't have to do everything. We should learn to improve efficiency and make use of existing experience.