From: "Book of Rites·University": "The way to know is to study things, and to know later." The popular interpretation in society today about "knowing by studying things" is based on part of the views of Zhu Xi's theory in the Southern Song Dynasty. "Studying things to achieve knowledge" means studying things to obtain knowledge and principles. Zhu Xi was a great Confucian in the history of Confucianism who inherited the past and ushered in the future. However, the reason why his view of "studying things to gain knowledge" became mainstream in later generations was not because he was generally agreed upon by later Confucian scholars. In fact, Zhu Xi's teachings were denounced as "pseudo-science" during the Southern Song Dynasty due to political partisanship. Many Confucian scholars in later generations also vigorously criticized Zhu Xi's theoretical views on "investigating things to achieve knowledge." However, because Zhu Xi's "Collected Commentary on the Four Books" was officially adopted as the criterion for selecting scholars in the mid-Yuan Dynasty, and since Ming Taizu began to respect Zhu Xi's theory as the only official ideological authority in the "Four Books", Zhu Xi's theory became even more important in the Ming Dynasty. The official dogmatic views on imperial examinations lasted for more than 500 years during the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, Zhu Xi's views on "investigating things to achieve knowledge" became a generally popular view in later generations under the authority of official dogma for hundreds of years. Therefore, in the Westernization School in the late Qing Dynasty, subjects such as physics and chemistry were called "Gezhi", which is the abbreviation of "Studying things to achieve knowledge".