1. Coming out of the mud but not stained, washing the clear ripples without being evil. From "The Love of Lotus" written by Zhou Dunyi of the Northern Song Dynasty

2, the lotus leaves connecting the sky are infinitely green. It comes from the seven-character quatrain "Sent Off to Lin Zifang from Jingci Temple at Dawn" by Yang Wanli, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty.

3. The little lotus has just revealed its sharp corners, and a dragonfly has already stood on it. From "Little Pond" written by Yang Wanli in the Southern Song Dynasty

4, how many green lotuses rely on each other and hate each other, looking back to the west wind for a while. From "Two Occasional Poems in Qi'an County" written by the poet Du Mu

5. I go to pick lotus every day, and many of the island leaders return at dusk. "Lotus Pier" is a five-character quatrain composed by Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty.

From the full text of "The Theory of Love of Lotus" by Zhou Dunyi of the Northern Song Dynasty:

The flowers of land and water are very lovely. Tao Yuanming of Jin Dynasty only loved chrysanthemums. Since Li Tang, people have loved peonies very much. I only love the lotus that emerges from the mud but is not stained, washes the ripples clear without being evil, is straight in the middle and has no vines or branches.

I say chrysanthemum, the flower that represents seclusion; peony, the flower that represents wealth; lotus, the flower that represents the gentleman. Alas! The love of chrysanthemums is rarely heard of after Tao; the love of lotus, who can share it? The love of peonies is suitable for everyone.

Appreciation:

The lotus has been the object of praise and praise by literati throughout the ages, but most literati were amazed by its pure appearance and plain appearance, and described it in their writings; However, this masterpiece of prose has a unique approach. Through the description of the image and quality of the lotus, it praises the steadfast character of the lotus. It also expresses the author's noble personality of being pure and self-loving, not collaborating with the world, and his attitude towards the pursuit of fame and fortune. Contempt and disgust.

The first part does its best to lay out and describe the noble image of the lotus, while the second part reveals the metaphorical meaning of the lotus, comments on the three flowers, and uses the lotus to describe itself, expressing the author's deep feelings. sigh.

The first part of the article describes the noble qualities of the lotus.

First of all, "coming out of the mud but not stained, washing the clear ripples without being evil" describes the lotus flower in the mud, but it is not stained, does not follow the world, cleans itself, loves itself and is innocent. The valuable spirit of coquettishness; secondly, "straight in the middle and straight outside, neither creeping nor branching" describes its noble quality of being upright and not involved in clinging; thirdly, "it can be viewed from a distance but not played with", which describes the lotus. Like a proud and unconventional gentleman, he is awe-inspiring and inviolable.

Everything mentioned in the previous article is actually a reflection of the author's personality and the self-evidence of the author's will. We can get clear proof of this from the second part of the article. As the author said: "Who can give the love of the lotus?" The subtext is that there are too few people who have the purity of the lotus like him.

The first paragraph of the article uses chrysanthemums and peonies as backgrounds to show that he loves lotus alone, depicts the image of lotus, and praises the character of lotus. The second paragraph compares the "reclusion" of the chrysanthemum and the "wealth" of the peony to point out the metaphorical meaning of the "gentleman" of the lotus, indicating the author's yearning for the gentleman and his attitude toward a clean and self-sufficient life.

The full text uses objects to express aspirations and lotus to represent people. Through the description and praise of lotus, it extols the virtue of a gentleman who "comes out of the mud but remains untainted" and expresses the author's noble character of not collaborating with the world. and disdain and disgust for the pursuit of fame and fortune.

"Shuo Ailian" has the unique characteristics of the "shuo" style, that is, expressing one's ambitions by supporting things. The article starts from "coming out of the silt but not stained", depicting the temperament of the lotus and the integrity of the lotus with thick ink and color, which expresses the author's affirmation and pursuit of the ideal personality, and also reflects the author's disdain for the worldly mentality of coveting wealth and pursuing fame and fortune. and pursue the beautiful sentiments of being clean and self-sufficient. At the same time, the article also uses contrast and contrast techniques, using chrysanthemums and peonies to contrast the beauty of the lotus several times in the article; it also contrasts the seclusion of the chrysanthemum, the wealth of the peony and the nobility of the lotus, which deepens the theme of "loving the lotus". , there is no empty preaching, but a clever method of contrasting three images to achieve the purpose of deepening the theme.

The key point is to "come out of the mud without being stained, and wash the clear ripples without being evil." This sentence has exactly the opposite meaning to "those who are close to vermilion are red, and those who are close to ink are black". The central sentence is: "The lotus is the gentleman of flowers.

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"Coming out of the mud but not stained, washing in the clear ripples without being a monster" also has a second layer of lyrical meaning. It is a metaphor for the author's noble character of "coming out of the mud but not stained, washing in the clear ripples without being a monster" . In fact, what he said is: the officialdom is dark, and it is as difficult as a lotus flower to emerge from the mud without being stained. This is also a summary of his experience as an official, because he does not want to join the trend. "The lotus washes the lotus without being evil" is just a good wish of the author. How can you avoid getting your shoes wet when you often walk by the river? Therefore, it is very valuable that a lotus can do something among hundreds of flowers. This is also the author's wish. sigh, because it is impossible for him to be alone in the big environment, except to escape and stay away, or to guard his own integrity as conscientiously as he did.

"Ai Lian" by Zhou Dunyi. "The flowers of water and land are most lovely," which laid the logical foundation for his subsequent poem "I Love the Lotus", which is both extraordinary and eye-catching. I didn’t get entangled in Jin Fan, I just shortened the scene and said, "Tao Yuanming of Jin Dynasty only loved chrysanthemums", which further clarified the meaning of the title. Tao Yuanming could love chrysanthemums to express his feelings, why can't I love lotus alone?

Continue? The sentence "Since the Li and Tang Dynasties, people have loved peonies very much" seems to be repeated, but it actually deepens the meaning of the sentence. Moreover, the inclusion of this sentence in the text makes the contrast stronger and lays the foundation for the nobility of the lotus. Zhou Dunyi's love for lotus is different from that of Jin Tao Yuanming's love for chrysanthemums. In order to maintain his purity, he would rather live in Nanshan for the rest of his life. There is an essential difference in ideological realm between the true mentality and the herd mentality of everyone envying wealth (peony). This provides the best foundation for the idea of ??"coming out of the mud but not staining"

The next sentence, Zhou Dunyi, went directly to the topic: "I only love the lotus that comes out of the mud but is not stained, washes the water with clear ripples but is not demonic, is straight in the middle and has no vines or branches, the fragrance is far away and clear, and the pavilion is pure and clear. "You can look at it from a distance, but you can't play with it obscenely." The words about lotus, the heart of loving lotus, and the ambition of lotus can be said to be in one go. It seems to be an intuitive description of lotus, but in fact, every word is based on the appearance of lotus to express one's heart. Sincerely. The sophistication of this writing is really amazing. It can be said that the readers have no chance to breathe. The language is extraordinary, but the aftertaste is meaningful and lasting.

"I say chrysanthemum, the flower that represents seclusion; peony, the flower that represents wealth; lotus, the flower that represents the gentleman." This plain sentence is followed by the following verse: "Tao Yuanming of the Jin Dynasty only loved chrysanthemums; since Li and Tang Dynasties, the world has loved them." Peony; I only love lotus..." It can be said that it is integrated without any trace. What's more important is that by using flowers as metaphors, Tao Yuanming's escape from the world and the mentality of everyone pursuing glory and wealth are vividly described, without any direct accusation. . At the end of the article, the author laments that there are very few truly reclusive scholars, that there are rare gentlemen with noble character, and that there are many common people who are greedy for wealth. It is thought-provoking and thought-provoking.

Through this comparison, Zhou Dunyi made a statement. Comparing himself to a gentleman, it is better to avoid the world than to do things difficult for a gentleman. From this point of view, Zhou Dunyi is somewhat self-respecting. However, Zhou Dunyi also had some self-awareness, and then he sighed deeply: "The love of chrysanthemums is rarely heard of after Tao; who can share the love of lotus? The love of peonies is suitable for everyone." Yes, in this world of mortals, how many people can escape from the world in order to seek truth? Jin had Tao Yuanming, but now I haven't heard of anyone else doing this. Or how many people are like me, who can maintain their purity in this world, and who pursue a gentlemanly demeanor like me? Most people just follow the crowd in the world.

This article expresses the author's attitude of not pursuing fame and wealth, being clean and self-sufficient, and not collaborating with the world. It eulogizes the virtue of a gentleman who "comes out of the mud without being stained, and washes through the clear waters without being a monster" and expresses the author's noble sentiments of not collaborating with the world.

This article is high-spirited, elegant and refined, short, catchy, and rhyming. It is indeed a rare fine short story in ancient Chinese literature. Moreover, it has two interpretations in one article, with rich content and profound artistic conception.

Reference materials

Fang Yuan. Comprehensive explanation of classical Chinese for junior middle school students. Beijing: China Encyclopedia Publishing House, 2012