Definition of soilless culture:
It refers to all cultivation methods that can complete the whole life cycle of plants (including flowering, fruiting and maturity) without soil, which is collectively called soilless culture.
Common basic methods of soilless culture:
According to 16 kinds of essential elements (such as N, P, K, G, M, X) required by plant growth, nutrient solution is prepared with chemical reagents for plant growth. It has been a hundred years since human beings have worked out the nutrient elements needed for plant growth and their proportional relationship, and they can be cultivated without soil.
Conventional nutrient solution soilless culture has great limitations and is not suitable for the national conditions of China. At present, it has not been used for commercial production and vegetable cultivation, and can only be used for display. A new generation of soilless culture-organic melon and vegetable factory has made a major breakthrough and become very practical.
Description of nutrient solution preparation: To complete 16 kinds of essential elements, a variety of raw materials need to be used, but chemical raw materials and fertilizers contain many impurities, which are easy to produce chemical reactions and affect nutrient absorption and utilization (plants will not grow after two days), so they cannot be used to prepare nutrient solution. Therefore, it is necessary to use high-purity chemical reagents to prepare a, b and c solutions in blocks, and then inject them into nutrient solution storage tanks (tanks) at the same time to prevent drug resistance. The nutrient solution you buy is often ineffective, mostly because of this.
Culture tank: with nutrient solution, there must be a container to hold it. PC pipe, extruded board, stainless steel, foam board, etc. It can resist corrosion and is often chosen to build a solid culture tank and fill it with nutrient solution.
It is necessary to establish a distribution system, a circulation system (melons and vegetables are easily submerged by water, so the nutrient solution should be recycled into the air) and a monitoring system (monitoring the salt concentration in nutrition, plants will die if it is high, and it will not grow well if it is low).
Plants should not stand in nutrient solution (water), but should be fixed; Fixing plants with rock wool, foam board, planting cup and ceramsite is called hydroponics. Fixing plants with peat, coconut bran, perlite, vermiculite and sand is called substrate cultivation, fixing roots and spraying nutrient solution by hydraulic pressure.
Hydroponics, substrate cultivation and aerosol cultivation are all nutrient solution soilless cultivation, but there are different ways to fix plants, and there is no other difference.
Investment in soilless culture: construction of culture tanks, nutrient solution distribution systems, circulation systems, etc. In addition to the greenhouse, an acre needs to invest tens of thousands of yuan.
Uses of soilless culture: mainly used for landscape modeling such as flowers, such as turning dragons into phoenixes. Arbitrary modeling is very convenient, easy to manage, durable and very good.
Don't use it to produce melons and vegetables: the price of vegetables in China is much lower than that in foreign countries. It is easy to lose money to produce melons and vegetables by soilless culture with nutrient solution Not to mention the large investment, the cost of vegetables produced is very high, which is several times that of vegetables grown in soil; Poor quality-heavy chemical pollution, light taste and poor taste. Foreign vegetable prices are high, and the requirements for the flavor of melons and vegetables are not strict, which is suitable for development, especially in the Middle East where land is scarce.
It is ignorance or deception to say that nutrient solution soilless culture is an organic vegetable, it is deception to say that nutrient solution soilless culture is low in cost, and it is deception to say that nutrient solution soilless culture is high in efficiency!
A new method of soilless culture-organic melon and vegetable factory;
Using agricultural wastes (farm organic fertilizer in the past) such as straw fertilizer and leaf weeds as raw materials, the culture materials for soilless cultivation of organic melons and vegetables were made. The investment in this way is relatively small, and the cost of the produced melons and vegetables is much lower than that of the melons and vegetables grown in the soil. More importantly, it solves the pollution of chemical fertilizer and the harm of soil diseases and insect pests, which can not only provide sufficient organic nutrients for melons and vegetables, but also accurately supply water according to the requirements of melons and vegetables. The produced melons and vegetables have good quality and strong flavor. This new generation of soilless culture is practical, suitable for mass production and has many advantages!