A debate
Thank you, Chairman. Thank you, judges. Hello, everyone. Today, our view is "reading should be intensive". First of all, please allow me to elaborate on the words used in the debate. Reading is not reading or browsing, but reading carefully. The books we are talking about include not only paper books, but also e-books and other books. The so-called essence refers to going deep into the book and having original opinions on the opinions and comments in the book, but this does not make us choose words carefully and walk into a dead end of scrutinizing words. Lao She once said: "Don't ask for more, but be refined." Isn't it to teach us intensive reading? Books are spiritual food. If we don't read them carefully, how can we digest this wonderful food? Gorky added: "Books are the ladder of human progress." Without intensive reading, how to climb to the temple of knowledge step by step? Next, we will explain the debate as follows.
The topic of today's debate is reading, not reading. The reason for reading is to read the details, or to read them meticulously and fully absorb the knowledge from them. Poor reading ability can only be called reading or browsing at best, and once it reaches the level of reading, it is necessary to study it carefully.
Intensive reading is easy to be inspired by the mind and influenced by culture, while extensive reading is like skimming water, so it is not easy to study this field and achieve results. Poor reading ability can be considered as shallow taste and swallowing dates. In the long run, we won't learn profound knowledge from books and understand the essence of books, especially some highly specialized books. How can you understand this book and learn this course well without intensive reading?
Exquisiteness is the foundation of knowledge. I think another debater must think that when you read widely, you must not skim the water. You must have a deep understanding of the knowledge in the book. What's the point of reading this book? This fully proves our point. Reading should be intensive, because it is the basis of erudition. Only by careful and intensive reading can erudition play a great role.
What we mean by essence is within a certain scope, not for all books. For example, some books on the internet are full of negative factors such as pornography, violence and murder, which seriously endanger people's physical and mental health. They don't need to read intensively. Therefore, this essence has a range, not a blind essence. We should look at one thing dialectically. Maybe we will read less in intensive reading, but we must admit that the knowledge brought by intensive reading is irreplaceable.
In primary school, in addition to Chinese and math textbooks, we also have art, music, nature and so on in our schoolbags. In junior high school, mathematics, science and culture are the main subjects all day; In college, the main thing to chew is professional teaching materials, and other related courses are only auxiliary knowledge needed by professional courses. Further up, master's degree and doctor's degree are just a point in this professional field. From this point of view, our learning structure is triangular, and every subject should be in this form. To climb to the top of this triangle, in the process of learning, we should constantly give up things that have nothing to do with our development direction. For example, art universities do not have too high requirements for mathematics; When science and engineering schools admit students, they will not care about their artistic accomplishment. Even if some people say how powerful a person's brain is, one's time can't allow him to read all the books in the world.
Lu Xun said, "Young people who love reading can read books other than their own books, that is, extracurricular books-for example, those who study science and engineering prefer to read literary books; Those who study literature tend to read science books and see what others are studying there. Only in this way can we have a deeper understanding of others and other things. In our work, there is a good example: bridge and structural engineering expert and academician Xiang hopes that young engineers "improve their aesthetic taste and artistic accomplishment, work closely with architects and attach importance to the aesthetic design of bridges." "Let every bridge become a work of art that beautifies the environment and brings happiness to the people." It can be said that if you specialize in isolation, don't make continuous improvement, and ignore the application and beauty in reality, then you will only be copying for the rest of your life.
When I bought a book, I saw "Solidified Music" written by Liang Sicheng. What a nice title! With this title, I bought it without hesitation. At that time, Liang Sicheng studied architecture because Lin liked architecture. Architecture is the common cause between them, and it is also the basis of emotional communication. I guess, only talented women like Lin and Liang Sicheng will have such cultural interest to give this book such a name! If I don't read this book, I may not know that Leonardo da Vinci, who painted The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, is not only an outstanding artist and scientist, but also a "visionary architectural engineer". In the book, the abutment commonly used in modern architecture is actually a form created by Greek and Roman craftsmen. The opening of this book, A Brief Introduction to Taiji, was quoted from ancient Greece and India to the Han and Song Dynasties in China. The time was clear and the source was clear. How can it be called "introduction"?
Mao Yisheng read the book Bridge Talk a long time ago, but I didn't buy it because I thought it was a little expensive. A few years later, I was still thinking about this book, but I couldn't find it in the bookstore. It took me some time to buy it online, but I thought it was precious. The book is divided into four chapters: Canon, Scenery, Literature and Bridge Name. Bridge canon, sorting out folk stories about bridges handed down from generation to generation because of their long history. The most admirable is the third article, in which the editor collected and sorted out the broken sentences about bridges from the Han, Wei, Six Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. This makes me feel that writing this book is also a grand project. The content includes poetry, ci, Yuefu and poetry. Mark the age of the original author, the source of broken sentences in detail, and give comments on modern Chinese. For rare words, pinyin is also used to mark them, which shows the editor's extreme love for his profession and good intentions in writing books.
It must be admitted that we are now faced with work, study and all kinds of complicated social things, and it is difficult to restore the simple and professional reading environment in our student days. Time is limited, so we must study selectively and put our limited time on good and suitable books. I believe that many people, like me, don't even bother to go to the bookstore now, such as Success and How to Be a Boss. In my opinion, people who buy these books will only make writers successful and become bosses. You might as well communicate with friends who love reading and recommend each other. In choosing books, don't look vulgar and boring, don't ask for professionalism, be practical and useful; Not too single-minded, but seek direct or indirect guidance in work and study. (
Against:
Quality education gives students more study space. Among them, extensive reading after class has become a compulsory course for students. Extracurricular reading can not only broaden students' horizons, increase their knowledge, cultivate good self-study ability and reading ability, but also further consolidate all kinds of knowledge that students have learned in class, which greatly promotes the improvement of students' reading level and writing ability, and helps to form good moral character and even the study of the whole subject.
First of all, extracurricular reading helps students to form good moral quality and sound personality.
Chinese teaching content has the advantage of cultivating a new generation because of its rich humanistic spirit. The concept of "great Chinese" is to take "human development" as the fundamental purpose of Chinese teaching and cultivate a sound personality with good moral character, sincerity and kindness, beautiful mind, respect for truth and a sense of responsibility. Students read a lot of fairy tales, biographies, juvenile novels and abridged versions of world famous works with humanistic spirit, and their inner world is vulnerable to impact. The British children's novel Harry Potter has conquered the whole world, and even adults can't help but be impressed by the personality charm of the little hero. It is even more necessary to read more about China literature and the deeds of China's outstanding figures: from Qu Yuan's loyalty to "hiding innocence and dying" to Li Bai's lofty sentiments of "being able to destroy the eyebrows and bow down to the powerful", to Fan Zhongyan's mind of "worrying about the world first and enjoying the world afterwards", from Wen Tianxiang's lofty sentiments of "leaving a bright future" to Lu Xun's childlike innocence of "I commend Xuanyuan with blood" ... Appreciate the eternal human spirit such as love, friendship, loyalty, courage, integrity and even patriotism, so as to open the inner world, arouse the inner desire to taste life, sublimate personality, achieve the effect of "silence is better than sound", and promote the independent and natural growth of primary school students, which is far better than the thirsty preaching of teachers.
Second, extracurricular reading helps to accumulate language in reading.
As the saying goes, "books are used, but few people hate them." This word has two meanings: one is to read less and the other is to remember less. Therefore, there are no words when writing. If students are allowed to read more books and accumulate more, they can come out at once and do whatever they want. This is the truth that "you can recite 300 Tang poems if you can't write them". But now students' extracurricular reading mostly exists in name only, and they are overwhelmed by practice all day. Few students patronize the reading room, and newspaper galleries and newspaper racks are useless. This reality greatly limits students' language accumulation. Many literate writers and scholars always read extensively in their youth when summing up their own growth experiences. Even students who do well in Chinese in class often have a soft spot for extracurricular books and periodicals. Because, only through "Expo" can we form a multi-directional language stimulus to the cerebral cortex, and in the process of reading, we can strengthen the existing language information in the cerebral cortex again, making the already formed contact system in the brain more complete and close. This requires the careful guidance of Chinese teachers, such as introducing extracurricular reading materials, guiding the annotation of extracurricular reading notes, organizing extracurricular reading exchange competitions and so on.
Third, extracurricular reading helps to understand and use Chinese.
Many parents and even some teachers have a misunderstanding. They always think that students are reading "leisure books" when reading extracurricular books. They want their children to dictate, recite and write every minute ... It seems that only in this way can students' Chinese learning level be improved. This idea is actually a freak derived from exam-oriented education. Imagine that students spend half an hour copying words three times a day to ensure good dictation, so that they can practice difficult words for 10 minutes a day, or spend 20 minutes reading extracurricular books. Which is better?
Extracurricular reading is of great significance to the improvement of Chinese proficiency. Look at the views of some ancient and modern literary masters and Chinese education experts:
Reading breaks thousands of volumes, and writing is like a god. -Du Fu
It's not enough just to retire like a mountain. You have to read thousands of books to understand God. -Su Shi
...... (Reading) You must pick a lot of flowers like a bee in order to make honey. If you bite in one place, your income will be limited and boring. -Lu Xun
Reading more books can improve writing ability. -Lao She
During the winter and summer vacations, reading more books according to your own needs and interests is definitely more effective than training without reading. -Ye Shengtao
People who learn Chinese well can't help reading after class. Shuxiang Lv
The words of these masters are enough to prove that extracurricular reading plays an irreplaceable role in improving people's Chinese practical ability. Mr. Ye Shengtao believes that reading language and literature materials can achieve six "gains":
1, get indirect experience as writing material;
2. Get the author's ideas and reasons, and form a thinking and conceiving point of view;
3. Get the author's feelings to cultivate sentiment;
4. Get ways to know things, so that you can observe and think;
5, get the expression method, layout and layout, and learn from it;
6. Obtaining vocabulary accumulates language.
With six "gains", why can't Chinese ability be improved?
Fourth, extracurricular reading helps to cultivate the good habit of autonomous learning.
From the traditional Chinese teaching concept to the great Chinese teaching concept, it is a transformation process from knowledge-based to people-oriented. It no longer takes "preaching, teaching and dispelling doubts" as the fundamental purpose of teaching, but focuses on learning to learn and promoting the all-round development of personality. Starting from this concept, we must ensure students' dominant position and cultivate autonomous learning habits. Letting students freely choose the books they like to read is itself a manifestation of respecting students' personality. The change of students from closed reading to open reading has greatly stimulated their enthusiasm for autonomous learning. By vigorously promoting extracurricular reading, students can acquire, explore, search and master it themselves, so as to feel the pleasure of reading, stimulate a stronger desire to read and finally form a habit. Extracurricular reading transforms the pursuit of knowledge into students' conscious action, which helps to enhance students' subjective consciousness, develop students' subjective ability and shape students' subjective personality.
It can be seen that strengthening extracurricular reading is not only the call of the times for Chinese teaching, but also the successful experience of education all over the world. In our Chinese teaching, under the guidance of the concept of big Chinese, we should seriously bring extracurricular reading into the track of Chinese teaching, make full use of Chinese educational resources in real life and optimize the Chinese learning environment. Carry out colorful Chinese learning practice activities, broaden the content, forms and channels of Chinese learning, and let students learn and use Chinese in a vast space, enrich their knowledge and improve their ability. Let's all attach importance to extracurricular reading.
Reading should focus on quality rather than quantity. Only by gradually understanding the essence of reading can we really achieve the effect of reading. To understand the true meaning hidden in books, the ultimate goal of acquiring knowledge can't be achieved if we only pursue extensive reading and not meticulous reading. Reading only seeks to read more, but does not carefully understand the truth inside. Sometimes not reading is just as good as reading. There is also a famous saying that what matters is not the quantity of knowledge, but the quality of knowledge. Some people know a lot, but don't know the most useful things. -Tolstoy
I chose the Book of Changes, and here, I mean as much as Bo.
Only by mastering profound knowledge, being more familiar, clearer and more understanding can you become a leader in this field.
Liu Xiang of the Han Dynasty once said that books are still medicine, and good reading can cure fools. I admit it, but have you ever thought that books are medicines, so medicines can be divided into two categories: 1. Good medicine can cure diseases; Poison can be deadly. The first category refers to good books, and the second category refers to bad books. Reading bad books is like eating poison and ruining your future. In this case, how can you say that opening books is beneficial? Also, if a person reads a bad book, it is like making a bad friend, and your own future will be buried. Nowadays, many children are doing illegal things outside. Not only are teenagers reading bad books, but many books are unhealthy. How can we ensure that teenagers don't read these books now?
How to choose reading correctly is something that everyone has done. Many people love books as treasures, because a good book can affect a person's life. Bacon said in Reading Manuscripts: "Reading history makes people wise, reading poetry makes people witty, mathematics makes people careful, natural philosophy makes people careful, ethics makes people solemn, and logical rhetoric makes people eloquent". Reading can give us "clairvoyance". As the saying goes, "a scholar doesn't go out to know what's going on in the world" and "strategizing and winning a thousand miles". Reading more books can help us understand the past and present, make us educated, and make us invincible in a highly competitive society. Goethe once said: "Reading a good book is talking to a noble person", which tells us that we should not only read books, but also read good books, selectively read good books and read books that are beneficial to ourselves, so as to cultivate our own temperament. But the contents of the book are all-encompassing, positive, negative, healthy, dross, mixed fish and dragons, and it is difficult to distinguish between true and false. How to choose the best books that can help you develop yourself is really not a simple matter. I haven't read many books, so I'd like to talk about my superficial views in combination with my own situation. I think there should be principles in choosing books, which can be summarized as "three suitability and three unsuitability". Nothing is better than nothing. Good books that have been passed down from generation to generation or recognized by the world should be within the scope of selection. However, it should be noted that there are too many books to be chewed, especially those of the same type and similar content, which will not only lead to poor learning effect, but also lead to confusion. Select the books you have learned, "never tire of reading, read by yourself", and learn thoroughly, so that you can constantly temper your personal qualities, cultivate a correct attitude towards life, and be firm and wholeheartedly.