1, the historical background of cooperative system. Rural credit cooperatives should be based on "agriculture, countryside and farmers", which is not a conclusion drawn out of thin air, but has real and simple historical roots. There is an old saying in China, "Don't forget your roots", and there is also a famous official saying, "Be rich and think of your source". Although rural credit cooperatives have become the giants of agricultural finance and dominated the rural financial market, they were born in "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and essentially inherited the blood of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers". China is a reticular agricultural country. The economic foundation is weak and the economic structure is extensive and imperfect. For a long time after the founding of New China, the rural economic structure was fixed as "one body with two wings". That is, agricultural production cooperation is the main body, and supply and marketing cooperation and credit cooperation are the two wings. It can be seen that cooperative finance is an important part of cooperative economy and a typical joint-stock system in the primary stage of socialism in China, that is, cooperative financial organizations. Its shareholders, that is, members, are all born and raised peasant brothers. Shares are not "official" capital. & lt

2. Market positioning determined by cooperative system. In the early 1950s, the level of productive forces in China's socialist society was low, and most farmers needed mutual funds to realize the cooperation of agricultural production and promote the development of socialized economy. Therefore, starting from the macro plan of raising regional social funds and preventing exploitation by private usury, the Party and the government led the people to form cooperative financial organizations, played the role of mutual assistance services to adjust the surplus and deficiency of funds, and Qi Xin worked together to build a socialist planned economy. So far, rural credit cooperatives are cooperative financial institutions with first-class legal person qualification, which are composed of farmers' voluntary shares, democratically managed by shareholders and mainly serving shareholders. Because it fully embodies the mass of the organization, the democracy of management and the flexibility of operation, and does not take profit as the biggest goal, it is recognized as the collective ownership of socialist working people. So far, the market orientation of serving "agriculture, countryside and farmers" has been established. & lt

3. The historical process of cooperative operation. From 195 1 to 1959, the funds of rural credit cooperatives are invested by farmers, and cadres are elected by members to provide credit to members. The cooperative system has obvious nature and is an important financial force to support agricultural production. From 1959 to 1980, due to the influence of the ultra-left route, rural credit cooperatives were successively decentralized to people's communes and production brigades for management, and later handed over to poor middle peasants for operation, which became financial tools for grass-roots social teams. From 1980 to 1996, rural credit cooperatives were managed by Agricultural Bank, which basically restored the "three characteristics" of cooperative system. During this period, county-level cooperatives were established, but in fact they became the grass-roots institutions of the national bank and embarked on the road of "government-run" 1at the end of 996, the rural credit cooperatives were decoupled from the Agricultural Bank of China and supervised by the People's Bank of China. A new round of reform is under way. & lt

Rural credit cooperatives are developing in twists and turns, which is closely related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Even though its management system and operation mechanism are changing, the nature of the cooperative system and the customer groups are unchanged. The most extensive credit partners are always farmers who operate agriculture in rural areas. Therefore, from the perspective of historical development, rural credit cooperatives should be based on "agriculture, countryside and farmers".